refers to travel taken exclusively within the national boundaries of the traveler's country.

is an abbreviation for familiarization tours usually offered to travel agents and tour operators as complimentary or at a reduced rate to familiarize them with a specific destination or attraction to stimulate sales.

is a tour in which the tourist travels with the company of other tourists

is a tour in which the tourist buys tourism components (transportation, accommodation, food and beverage, entertainment, etc.) separately. This can be done in advance through a travel agent.

refers to travel across international boundaries. It is more difficult to travel outside one's own country because the country to be visited has requirements such as passports, visas, and other conditions to be met by tourists.

sometimes called "inclusive tour," is an arrangement in which tourism components such as transportation, accommodation, food and beverage, entertainment, etc. are bought by the tourist at an all inclusive price.

organizes package tours and purchases other tourism services such as transport and accommodation in advance, usually at a lower price because he/she is buying it in bulk.

is an insurance product designed for use by different types of travelers such as those who travel for business, are visiting relatives, and are students during their domestic and overseas travel (Wang et al., 2019).

refers to a movement from one place to another. This can refer to short- and long-distance travel, domestic and international travel, and other various forms. It also includes both round trips and one-way journeys, with a wide array of travel purposes.

The main purpose of this sector is to make it possible for people to go from one place to another. There are many ways to do this, from primitive and simple to modern and complex. This includes a wide variety of different types of travel including air, land, sea, and railway modes. Thus, taking note of the amount of time

is now becoming known as a form of transportation, which is going to become increasingly influential in the years ahead. The year 2001 marked the beginning of space tourism as a wealthy California businessman, Dennis Tito, became the first paying passenger for space flight (Britannica Online Encyclopedia, 2013).

range from hotels of international standards to condominiums, campgrounds, and homes of relatives and friends.

the most popular form of accommodation for tourists, it provides meals and refreshments for those who may reserve their accommodations in advance but need not do so. It also provides facilities that meet the needs of modern travelers.

It is said that Airbnb favors the growth of shared accommodation. Travelers nowadays use Airbnb as an online platform to rent spaces for their stay in a destination. This type of accommodation usually includes all the facilities and amenities of the entire home such as an apartment or a house or just a room space where the owner/host usually stays.

provide minimal amenities such as a bunk bed and commonly shared toilets and bathrooms. They are typically categorized as a budget choice and are usually provided on a self catering basis. They appeal mostly to young travelers.

This is a type of outdoor accommodation that makes use of temporary shelter, usually in the form of a tent. It appeals mostly to families who travel in recreational vehicles.

accommodations provide a room, bath, and a hearty breakfast to tourists. They are known as BBs.

is a modern tourism product that succeeds in combining tourism and real estate in such a way to satisfy the ever-changing needs of the tourist purchaser.

is a business where people sell food and drinks to customers in a public place in exchange for money

nowadays plays an important role in the travel and tourism industry. Like restaurants and take-away outlets, caterers provide products and services to hotels and airlines. Catering services promote local food and culture of destination through their offerings.

provide a relaxing atmosphere for travelers to eat and drink.

tend to focus on serving alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages.

tend to focus on serving hot drinks, frappes, and light snacks.

are establishments that stay open until late at night and offer food and beverage along with entertainment. Most of them have stage performers and a spacious dance floor for the customers.

is an entertainment establishment that provides people with opportunities to gamble. It is often connected with hotels, restaurants, resorts, cruise ships, and other related tourism establishments that are also known for hosting entertainment such as musicals, concerts, and comedy performances.

provides reliable information and resources about the destination. Moreover, it motivates the tourists to stay longer by feeding them information about what the destination can offer. In some destinations, tourist information provides a one-stop, physical location from which travelers can connect with local businesses

an important role in travel and tourism. The majority of tourists travel to specific parts of the world to experience shopping.

is an individual who, either as an employee or an affiliate of a licensed tour operator, accompanies tourists, both foreign. and domestic, for a fee or any other form of lawful remuneration on local sightseeing excursions to provide pertinent commentary and look after their general well-being.

These are industries that are linked to the travel and tourism industry. They help boost interest in the travel industry itself. These include companies and businesses that assist to connect travelers with travel and tourism products and local agencies that provide practical support and assistance for tourists and travelers.

is a place where foreign moneys are bought and sold.

is an institutional arrangement for buying and selling foreign currencies. It is especially important when we travel because it is the only way to transact in a foreign land, be it paying for a cab fare or just buying a meal.

are middlemen that act as intermediaries between the suppliers and the tourists. They sell tourist products and receive a commission from the supplier as their income.

are wholesalers of tourist products. They produce tour packages which usually compose of complete itineraries from transportation, accommodations, food and beverage, as well as entertainment and the service of a tour escort or tour guide.

is very much like the traditional travel agency when it comes to its role, only that it uses the internet as its main source of operation. They both connect with the tourists to sell travel products and services on behalf of the suppliers.

could be government and nongovernment units as well as tourism councils which are usually composed of the different tourism sectors. Their main purpose is to support the interests of the tourism industry

includes academic institutions and tourism organizations that organize or sponsor activities like seminars, conferences, exhibitions, training, and tourism skills competitions.

a tour in which the tourist buys tourism components (transportation, accommodation, food and beverage, entertainment, etc.) separately. This can be done in advance through a travel agent.

a tour in which tourists are accompanied by a tour director or tour manager who arranges everything and takes charge of the entire tour from the beginning until its completion. Tourists who avail of this kind of tour are not familiar with the destination they are visiting.

a tour where tourists are accompanied by a tour guide once the tourists arrive at the destination region. It is called a "hosted tour" because the tour operator usually acts as the host to the tourists during their stay.

given to employees as a reward for their excellent performance in achieving the company’s or organization goals. The expenses of this tour are paid or sponsored by the company or organization.

is the oldest established travel company in the world.

was appointed the regimental agent to the Foot Guards by his mentor, Lord Ligbhier, the commander-in-chief of His Majesty's Armed Forces.

became popular and contributed to the growth of the tourism industry in India.

established the first travel agency in the world in England in the year 1845.

started to create package tours and offer them to the public.He conducted the world's first international tour from England to Paris (Tourism Notes,2018).

Cook started to create package tours and offer them to the public.He conducted the world's first international tour from England to Paris (Tourism Notes,2018).

Cook organized the first mass tour across England.

Cook's travel business further progressed when Sir Joseph Paxton,architect of the Crystal Palace, convinced him to organize package tours, bringing workers from Yorkshire and the Midlands to London for the Great Exhibition. Cook did not hesitate and took the opportunity, leading to another success in his travel business.

,architect of the Crystal Palace, convinced him to organize package tours, bringing workers from Yorkshire and the Midlands to London for the Great Exhibition.

Cook introduced the Circular Note. This was used during that time by the travelers for their safety during the travel.

is the counterpart of today's traveler's cheque. It was not only accepted in the hotels but could also be used for restaurants and transport services in major cities in the Europe and USA.

At the age of ___, he planned for a Round-the-World Tour from Leicester in 1872.

These are travelers who organize their own tours and choose to travel alone or in small groups. They pick their own destination, meal arrangements, and activities for their travel.

FIT

This is the buying and selling of travel products that are either sold directly to consumers or to other tour operators and buyers.It is a distribution network for travel. Products include accommodations, attractions, transportation, food and beverage, etc.

is the oldest established travel company in the world.