The horizontal stabilizer is located on top of the vertical stabilizer. This design provides better airflow through the horizontal stabilizer as it is not disturbed by the wings

With a control cable properly rigged, the flight control should hit its stops at both extremes prior to the flight deck control.

Two slanted tail surfaces are used instead of three and these provide both horizontal and vertical stability and control via a ruddervator (a combination of a rudder and an elevator).

Two vertical stabilizers are mounted at the ends of the horizontal stabilizer.

is carried partially or completely inside the airframe structure to reduce drag.

are hinged surfaces on the trailing edge of the wing.

(the horizontal stabilizer is placed in front of the wing). An example of this design is the Saab Viggen

(also referred to as "tail" or "tail assembly") is located at the rear of an aircraft and provides stability and control.

Secondary Control Surfaces

is a frame that supports the engine and attaches it to the fuselage or nacelle.

are movable leading-edge devices found on some aircraft.

may be made from a nonmetallic material, such as phenolic, or a metallic material, such as soft aluminum.

is used to protect the nacelle strut (pylon) and systems from exposure to high temperature and fire damage.

are a primary flight control surface which control movement about the longitudinal axis of an aircraft. This movement is referred to as "roll".

is pressed against the cable to form the offset. Several manufacturers make a variety of tensiometers, each type designed for different kinds of cable, cable sizes, and cable tensions.

is used to enclose the engine in a streamlined housing to improve the aerodynamics of the aircraft, to support and protect the engine and its components, and to direct airflow into the engine for cooling and combustion its components, and to direct airflow into the engine for cooling and combustion and away from the engine for proper exhaust outflow.

are small adjustable surfaces on the primary flight control surfaces, such as ailerons, elevator, and rudder.

are panels on the wing that can be raised into the airflow to reduce lift and increase drag.

is used to provide longitudinal pitch stability to the aircraft and is usually attached to the aft portion of the fuselage

are sealed and need no lubrication other than the lubrication done at the factory.

(horizontal stabilization and control is done via the wing) which often includes a vertical stabilizer. An example of this design is the Dassault Mirage 2000.

is attached to the airframe so that it is held in a fixed position.

are used to guide cables and also to change the direction of cable movement.

is a mechanical screw device consisting of two threaded terminals and a threaded barrel.

are used as links in the flight control system to give push-pull motion. They may be adjusted at one or both ends.

Is a control surface on the tail of an aircraft that is used to control its pitch, or its up and down motion.

are used primarily in trim tab systems.

is primarily responsible for controlling the aircraft's yaw, which is its side-to-side motion or rotation around the vertical axis.

for an airplane is the airfoil section forward of the rudder; it is used to provide longitudinal (yaw) stability for the aircraft. This unit is commonly called the fin.

are installed where cables (or rods) move through pressure bulkheads.

(i.e. the ability to fly in a straight line) is achieved through the horizontal and vertical stabilizers. These are airfoils and are aerodynamically similar to the wings

Primary Control Surfaces: