問題一覧
1
The WLM “Five Ds” in a Proactive order (reactive is reversed and undesirable)
1. Do early / 2. Drop / 3. Delay / 4. Delegate / 5. DO
2
DM kinds of decisions depending on time availability
Conditioned, Naturalistic and Rational
3
In extremely time limited situations, for example during an engine failure after take-off, we immediately apply the engine failure procedure. There is not enough time for analysis, generating options or seeking further information. What kind of Decision de we make?
Conditioned
4
When we have limited time available (from a several seconds to a few minutes), This type of scenario usually involves a situation with unclear goals and incomplete information. These are the most difficult types of decisions. What kind of decisions are this?
Naturalistic
5
You are aiming for a good enough decision. A good enough decision is one that is safe, legal (if possible) and you have a good reason for doing it. You may not necessarily have enough time to fully analyse the information available and consider all options as you’d either run out of time or a decision is taken for you (ATC or weather closing in, etc.).
Naturalistic
6
This occurs when we have minimal time constraints, access to good quality information and time to compare different options. With this type of decision, we are aiming for the optimal decision.
Rational Decision
7
To improve decision making, identifying TIME is important, if you are noticing you are rushing or taking a long time to make the decision, what question should you make and say out loud and what is a good tip?
“How long do we have to make this decision?” / Start the stopwatch
8
On DM, Gathering information is important, which questions can you ask (out loud) to improve the information you need?
“What do we know?” “What do we need to know?”
9
DM What is a recommended way to REVIEW THE DECISION MADE that allows you to fine tune your actions, prepare your mind for the events that are about to occur and hopefully highlight any areas you may have forgotten to consider.
MENTALLY FLYING THE DECISION
10
DM Common DM traps and errors.
Destination obsession, Faulty risk perception, One way decision gates
11
Average APU fuel consumption.
500 kg/h
12
BTV aims to decelerate the aircraft in order to reach:
10 kt at 65m before the selected exit
13
Slippery when wet NOTAM
BTV cannot be used
14
BTV The flight crew preferably selects
A runway beyond the WET line to improve passengers comfort and anticipate a late change in runway condition
15
At ____ the BTV detects the landing runway and if it is not the same as the selected one, it reverts to ____
300ft, AUTOBRAKE HI
16
If the runway condition changes from DRY to WET, the alert, IF WET RWY TOO SHORT the flight crew must
Perform a Go Around
17
If the runway condition changes from DRY to WET and the alert IF WET RWY TOO SHORT does NOT display
The flight crew can continue the approach if an exit beyond the WET LINE was selected OR IF the flight crew had selected an exit between DRY and WET lines, they may miss the runway exit and vacate the runway in the next appropriate exit
18
The BRV knows if the exit is High speed or 90 degree exit, and adjusts deceleration accordingly
FALSE
19
When the flight crew enters a Hi speed exit with BTV active they should:
KEEP the BTV active and follow the yellow centerline, when the aircraft speed is controlled (30kt approx), deactivate the BTV. Reverses should be stowed before vacating the runway
20
BYV missed exit. Before the BTV indicates a missed exit situation, the braking application increases to ____. After ___ seconds, if the missed exit situation is confirmed, BTV displays EXIT MISSED
0.35G, 5 seconds
21
In case of MISSED EXIT
The flight crew must Deactivate BTV, roll to the next exit and manage braking manually to avoid strong braking and full stop on the runway.
22
The use of reversers with BTV
idle REV be used when the runway is dry, the BTV can still manage any exit before the DRY line. BTV considers FULL REV for WET line, if the runway is WET and the flight crew used idle reverse, the exit may be missed.
23
Cold fuel temp. Must not be dispatched to fly:
More than 90 min in less than -65 degrees
24
What must we do if we have clock in INTERNAL before OCA?
Notify dispatch (No ADS C)
25
Oceanic WX deviation. “If unable to request from ATC” Use SAND (South Ascend, North Descend)
Turn as needed to avoid less than 5nm: maintain level / more than 5nm SAND 300ft. ALL LIGHTS ON, Broadcast on 12345, 1215
26
Oceanic emergency, (if unable to get ATC clearance)
ALL LIGHTS, Broadcast 1215, 12345. Turn 30 degrees offset to 5NM, once offset go to +/- 500 ft or < FL290 offset by 500
27
US Tarmac Delays
PA at 30 min delay, door must be opened + PA at the gate more than 120 min, limit is 4 hours
28
Contaminated runway if:
More than 25% of 1/3 is covered with contaminants
29
Rule of thumb for MAX X WIND component on contaminated runways
20kts component
30
Dual calculation for TOPA when GRF of runway condition:
intermediate value of 2 in the table, 2 different contaminants in each third, Different depth of each third
31
Can ADS B transmit emergencies?
No, just the SQAWK code
32
Can ADS C transmit emergencies?
Yes, SQAWK plus distress message via CPDLC transforms into emergency signal
33
On the use of CPDLC
Each pilot reads silently m, then both decide if the request can be done or not and what to answer
34
REX MAX FL increases
Roughly 1000ft every hour
35
When to LOGON CPDLC?
10-25 min prior if coming from a non CPDLC enviornment or before departure of on GND
36
About CPDLC usage
If a communication is initiated via CPDLC, it must be replied via CPDLC unless Captains judgement requires otherwise. If communication is initiated via VHF, it must be replied via VHF. Under 10000ft avoid CPDLC usage to prevent heads down.
37
How long do I have to reply CPDLC messages?
100 seconds, if need more time, reply STANDBY
38
If I get a new clearance via CPDLC by ATC:
Blue, is not FMS loadable, it must be inserted manually, Magenta is FMS loadable and can be inserted. But check viability before swapping SEC FPN
39
BTV cross check against runway LDA Max difference
35m
40
Oceanic waypoints check track vs fist max tolerance
2NM / 1 degre
41
APU fuel consumption
500kg/h
42
Fuel jettison rate
2.5 ton/min
43
Hold at green dot. Which altitude is best for fuel savings?
Holding at almost all altitudes we have the same fuel consumption at green dot speed
44
Rate of brake cooling (Standard conditions)
2 deg/min