Made up of 2 layers namely: Papillary & reticular layer.

Closest layer to the epidermis

contains Loose areolar connective tissue

contains Dermal papillae - (superior region which indents the dermis)

Deeper & thicker layer of the dermis

contains Dense irregular connective tissue

Highly vascularized layer

contains Pacinian corpuscles (deep pressure, pain & heat)

2 regions of hair

portion of the hair that projects from the surface of the skin.

portion of the hair that is embedded into the skin.

contains 2 regions: the shaft and the root

It extends from the epidermis to dermis (scalp: hypodermis)

heavily keratinized part of hair

pigments or air bubbles of hair

contains pigments (only few layers of cells) - Hair

bag that contains the hair

supplies nutrients to hair

sensory nerve endings

tiny band of smooth muscle at the follicle

contains Holocrine gland

Secretes sebum

acts as a moisturizer

Present all over the body (except on palms and soles)

present all over the body, produces sweat, salts, antibodies & waste.

present in armpits, groin & breast areola (sweat is more viscous)

stimulates the eccrine sweat glands to secrete water to the skin surface, where it cools the body by evaporation.

is controlled by the sympathetic nervous system, regulates body temperature.

they are major thermoregulatory devices

act as the main thermo regulator, secreting watery sweat.

secrete an oily (and eventually smelly) compound that acts as a pheromone, territorial marker, and warning signal.

are involved in emotional sweating in humans (induced by anxiety, stress, fear, sexual

are the chemicals or compounds which have peculiar odour.

Parts of the nail

aka adipose tissue

Composed of adipose and areolar tissue

function of hypodermis

Appendages and Accesory parts of the Skin