a breach of allegiance to a government, committed by a person who owes allegiance to it.

It is the obligation of fidelity and obedience which the individuals owe to the government under which they live or to their sovereign, in return for the protection they receive.

Treason cannot be committed in times of peace because there are no traitors until war has started.

There is ___ when a citizen intellectually or emotionally favors the enemies and harbors sympathies or convictions disloyal to his country’s policy or interest. Adherence alone without aid and comfort does not constitute treason, but such adherence may be inferred from the acts committed by a person.

It means overt acts which strengthens or tends to strengthen the enemy of the government in the conduct of war against the government or an act which weakens or tends to weaken the power of the government to resist or to attach the enemies of the government.

It is a rule which requires the testimony of at least two witnesses to prove the overt act of giving aid or comfort.

It means confession of guilt in an open court; that is, before the judge while actually hearing the case. Extrajudicial confession or confession made before the investigators is not sufficient to convict a person of treason.

it is and offense that the offender who is not a foreigner must be owing allegiance to the Government and That he has knowledge of any conspiracy to commit treason against the Government and he conceals or does not disclose or make known the same as soon as possible to the Governor or Fiscal of the province or Mayor or Fiscal of the city in which he resides

the offense of gathering, transmitting, or losing information respecting the national defense with intent or reason to believe that the information is to be used to the injury of the Republic of the Philippines or to the advantage of any foreign nation.

is a condition of a nation that, in times of war, takes no part in the dispute but continues peaceful dealings with the belligerents.

It is any kind of forcible or coercive measure whereby one State seeks to exercise a deterrent effect or to obtain redress or satisfaction, directly or indirectly, for consequences of the illegal acts of another State which has refused to make amends for such illegal conduct.

Is a communication by means of letters; or it may refer to the letters which pass between those who have friendly or business relation.

It is robbery or forcible depredation on the high seas, without lawful authority and done with animo furandi (intent to steal) and in the spirit and intention of universal hostility.

When the person to be arrested is a prisoner who has escaped from a penal establishment or place where he is serving final judgment or temporarily confined while his case is pending, or has escaped while being transferred from one confinement to another

It means the filing of correct information or complaint with the proper judicial authorities. It does not mean physical delivery or turnover of arrested person to the court.

It refers to the courts of justice or judges of said courts vested with judicial power to order the temporary detention or confinement of a person charged with having committed a public offense

Those that are directly aimed against the political order, as well as such common crimes as may be committed to achieve a political purpose. The decisive factor is the intent or motive.

is a crime of the masses. It requires a multitude of people. It is a vast movement of men and a complex network of intrigues and plots.

Offender is a person or persons belonging to the military or police or holding any public office or employment; There be a swift attack accompanied by violence, intimidation, threat, strategy or stealth; The purpose of the attack is seize or diminish State power; and The attack is directed against duly constituted authorities of the Republic of the Philippines, or any military camp or installation, communication networks, public utilities or other facilities needed for the exercise and continued possession of power.

The purpose of the offenders in rising publicly is merely to create commotion and disturbance by way of protest to express their dissent and disobedience to the government or to the authorities concerned

Is resorted to for the purpose of settling a dispute or redressing a grieviance without going to war

It is a crime not against any particular state but against all mankind

It is an offense where the offenders are members of the complement or the passengers of the vessel they commit attacking from the inside agains the authority of the commander of the ship and intent to gain is immaterial

when an offense has in fact been committed, and he has probable cause to believe based on personal knowledge of facts and circumstances that the person to be arrested has committed it

It is a medley of discordant voices, a mock of serenade or discordant noises made kn kettles, tins, horns, etc.. designed to annoy and insult

Without public uprising, by employing force or intimidation for the attainment of any of the purposes enumerated in defining the crimes of rebellion and sedition;

Without public uprising, by attacking, by employing force or by seriously intimidating or by seriously resisting any person in authority or any of his agents, while engaged in the performance of official duties, or on the occasion of such performance

An agent of a person in authority is the victim of any of the forms of direct assault. a person comes to the aid of such authority; and that the offender makes use of force or intimidation upon such person coming to the aid of the authority or his agent

are those directly vested with jurisdiction, whether as an individual or as a member of some court or government corporation, board, or commission.

Any person who by direct provision of law or by election or by appointment by competent authority i

Offense where the offender was already convicted by final judgment of one offense; and That he committed a new felony before beginning to serve such sentence or while serving the same.

In times of war; Two or more persons come to an agreement to Levy war against the government, or Adhere to enemies and to give them aid or comfortand They decide to commit it.

In times of war A person who has decided to levy war against the government, or to adhere to the enemies and give them aid and comfort and Proposes its execution to some other person or persons