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  • GAJE, Harvey Jay M.

  • 問題数 100 • 11/24/2023

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Which of the following would NOT be included in the principal geometric factors affecting Radiographic quality

    collimation

  • 2

    What law is used to compensate technique so that density is maintained when distance Changes?

    square law

  • 3

    A very workable rule of thumb for this relationship is “Every four centimeters of thickness Affects by what factor?

    2

  • 4

    Which of the following is the main determinant is selecting a focal spot size?

    milliamperage

  • 5

    High spatial resolution is affected principally by which of the following?

    focal spot size

  • 6

    Radiographic elongation of a part is usually caused by

    tube angulation

  • 7

    What principle is applied to measure the art and skill of the radiographer?

    exposure

  • 8

    What light is the flow of small boundless of energy?

    quanta

  • 9

    What factor directly affects density, through not in a directly proportional relationship?

    kVp

  • 10

    Which of the following factors is (are) used in the production of a radiograph

    size ability to cooperate equipment limitation

  • 11

    The most common form of image noise in radiography is fogging of the film by random radiation known as

    quantom mottle

  • 12

    Penumbra is synonymous with which of the following?

    blur

  • 13

    Which of the following would be most radiolucent as interspace material?

    plastic fiber

  • 14

    it is the ability of a material to emit light in response to excitation.

    luminescence

  • 15

    Which of the following states that beveling the anode at angles steeper, or more nearly Vertical, than 45 degrees will cause the effective focal spot to be smaller than the actual Focal spot?

    line focus principle

  • 16

    Any impertinent, grossly distorted or false information which obscure the useful details in an image may be offered to as

    artifact

  • 17

    What film is often referred to as being standard, medium or fast speed?

    radiographic

  • 18

    The amount of light that is emitted or scattered by a surface maybe referred to as;

    luminance

  • 19

    The most practical form of silver reclamation for most diagnostic application is

    metallic replacement

  • 20

    Luminescence is a process that

    involves outer-shell electrons

  • 21

    When the focal spot in an x-ray tube undergoes a change in size with age or high mA. The effect is known as:

    blooming

  • 22

    Wire mesh tests on intensifying screens should be performed at least.

    semiannual

  • 23

    An acceptable radiograph is made with the large focal spot. If the examination were repeated with the small focal spot using the same technique

    the image would be sharper

  • 24

    As beam restriction increases.

    density decreases

  • 25

    As the amount beam filtration is increased:

    contrast decreases

  • 26

    What are the components of a grid?

    Pb (lead) strips and Al (aluminum) interpacers

  • 27

    Which of the following items is NOT necessary for constructing and H and D curve?

    spinning top

  • 28

    What is the other term of logarithm of opacity?

    density

  • 29

    As film screen system sensitivity decreases.

    radiographic density decrease

  • 30

    What is the simplest of all beam restricting devices both in design and in application?

    aperture diaphragm

  • 31

    Which of the following devices will reduce radiographic contrast?

    filters

  • 32

    Which of the following will change the shape of the x-ray emission spectrum?

    exposure time

  • 33

    Which type of filter material should be used with a molybdenum target x-ray tube?

    molybdenum

  • 34

    Why is a direct exposure film not recommend for modern day radiography?

    increase patient exposure

  • 35

    Short scale contrast is defined by:

    more contrast

  • 36

    What is the other term for flood replenishment?

    timed

  • 37

    Which of the following equipment(s) is primarily responsible to evaluate technical factor exposure, film, intensifying screen processing

    sensitometer

  • 38

    Which of the following does NOT affect image unsharpness?

    kVp

  • 39

    What material is used for cassettes to reduce attenuation by up to 50% and permits a corresponding reduction in patient dose?

    graphite

  • 40

    What material is used to amplify the incoming x-ray beam and reduce patient radiation dose?

    intensifying screen

  • 41

    It is the misrepresentation of the size or shape of the structure of interest.

    distortion

  • 42

    What beam restricting device is equipped with an extension sleeve which can expand or collapse to vary the degree of beam

    cylinder

  • 43

    Long scale contrast is defined by:

    less contrast

  • 44

    Which of the following equipment is required to produce a uniform range of densities on a Film:

    penetrometer sensitometer

  • 45

    The term “good contrast is often applied to

    high contrast

  • 46

    The fifteen percent rule status that increasing the kVp by 15% is equivalent to:

    doubling the mAs

  • 47

    A definition of radiographic contrast would be:

    Probable relationship between one density and another

  • 48

    What is the principal characteristic of the emulsion that makes it particularly radiation sensitive?

    sensitivity speck or density

  • 49

    Which of the following theories best explains the photographic effect?

    gurney-mott

  • 50

    A spotty, salt and pepper effect on a radiograph caused by low levels of radiation intensity is called what?

    quantom mottle

  • 51

    When was the first roller transport processor was made commercially available by the Kodak Company?

    early 1950’s

  • 52

    What term is measured by the ability to see pairs of lines?

    resolution

  • 53

    Which of the following does NOT contribute to image distortion:

    focal spot size

  • 54

    The anatomic part must be precautions against leaks and overflow?

    drainage

  • 55

    When discussing intensifying screens, which one of the following statements is true?

    they fluoresce but not phosphoresce

  • 56

    Which factor principally degrade the visualization of low contrast structures on a properly exposed radiograph?

    patient motion

  • 57

    Which of the following artifacts is most likely to occur before processing?

    small blur in otherwise sharp radiograph

  • 58

    Which of the following would principally reduce the production of scatter radiation?

    a decrease in kVp

  • 59

    What equipment is required to provide an accurate reading if the amount of light Transmitted through the film?

    penetrometer

  • 60

    The sharpness of detail in a radiograph is best increased by the use of

    small effective focal spot

  • 61

    What is an indication of the precise wavelength of light emitted by the phosphor?

    spectra emission

  • 62

    Which of the following is considered greatest problems in radiographic quality?

    focal film distance

  • 63

    Assuring good screen-film contact also assures reduced in

    blur

  • 64

    Which of the following would be most acceptable grid strip material from the standpoint of x-ray attenuation?

    tungsten

  • 65

    Radiographic film / screen system resolution is generally controlled by which of the following

    size of intensifying crystals

  • 66

    Which of the following does not found in an intensifying screen?

    refractive layer

  • 67

    Which of the following cannot be determined by an H and D curve or a processor control chart?

    recorded detail

  • 68

    A radiograph emerges from a processor with numerous dark, treelike or branching artifacts The most likely cause

    static electricity

  • 69

    What is the largest and most complex system in an automatic processor?

    transport

  • 70

    Non flammable polyester is also known as:

    film base

  • 71

    What is the objective analysis of film response to photon exposure and development?

    sensitometry

  • 72

    What is the fundamental factor in the development process?

    time

  • 73

    What is the most common result if inadequate washing?

    excess hypo retention

  • 74

    Which of the following steps in manual processing in INCORRECT?

    fix for only roughly 80 sec. at 4 mins

  • 75

    What is the percentage of the silver is normally dissolved in the fixer solution during film processing?

    50%

  • 76

    What is the advisable time/period to change processing solutions in an automatic Processor?

    every 1 month

  • 77

    What solution / aid is used as wetting agent to reduce the surface tension of water and to Eliminate drying marks?

    detergent

  • 78

    Synergism is also known as.

    superadditivity

  • 79

    Proper dark room ventilation should include _______ Room changes of air per hour.

    8 to 10 degree celsius

  • 80

    What is the stage of processing involves a synergistic reaction?

    developing

  • 81

    What is the simplest and least expensive method of silver reclamation?

    metallic replacement method

  • 82

    Film should be stored at a temperature range between:

    14 degree to less than 24 degree celsius

  • 83

    What process which tends to increase the sensitivity of the emulsion?

    digestion

  • 84

    What term is often erroneously substituted for direct exposure technique?

    nonscreen

  • 85

    A 10 degree temperature change can be compensated for by adjusting development time by a factor of

    2

  • 86

    What part of the transport system that removes excess moisture from the film surface?

    squeegee

  • 87

    Cold water processor is also known as

    thermostatically controlled system

  • 88

    After a predetermined processing period, which one is halted when the film is placed in the fixer

    development

  • 89

    What are the active ingredients for developers solution?

    reducers

  • 90

    Replenishment tanks should have close-fitting lids primarily

    to control aerial oxidation

  • 91

    What is the approximate developer condition in a 90-second processor?

    95°F. 22s

  • 92

    What rollers are usually phenolic?

    dryer

  • 93

    Which segment of the circulation system is most important to archival quality?

    fixation

  • 94

    What chemical having a high alkaline or hydroxide potential (OH-)?

    sodium hydroxide

  • 95

    What type of film is sensitive to the fluorescent light of x-ray intensifying screens?

    screen

  • 96

    What is the primary control for manual development?

    agitation

  • 97

    How many years an original radiograph is stores?

    5-7 years

  • 98

    What artifacts cause by raised nick on roller scratching film as it passes by?

    pi lines

  • 99

    Which system of the automatic processor consumes the greatest amount of electrical Power?

    dryer

  • 100

    What is the other term used for Radiographic Quality or Definition?

    detail clarity