It is sed to develop standardized exams such as ability test, aptitude test, intelligence test, and other psychological tests. Other disciplines can also use this type of research to develop a standardized tool concerning the practice of their profession.

Study of Prevalence of incidence. This type of research usually does not need statistical treatment. Oftenit uses frequency, percentage, and mean

This is used when pre-testing is not possible for valid reasons. Hence it is known as post-test only. In this test, subjects are assigned to either control or treatment group. Only the treatment group will receive the intervention. Then both groups will have the post-test to determine the effects of the intervention

Tests for changes over time. There is no randomization, and there is no control group. However, the researcher can use each person as his own control

refers to the comparison of variables being studied. The aim is to find out which of the two may be superior or inferior in certain aspects.

Refers to a type of experiment where the researcher attempts to study two or more independent variables or observe the effects of two or more treatments. These independent variables or treatments are known as factors; hence, the experimental design is known as factorialThis type of experiment permits the testing of two or more hypotheses in one study.

It looks at cause and effect relationships in single individuals rather than in groups. Common in behavioral analysis and special education.

it is characterized by rigid manipulation of variables, Use of controlselectionand random assignment of participants

This type of design involves a treatment (manipulation) and an outcome but lacks one of the other two properties that characterize a true experiment: randomization or a control group

It refers to a two-group experimental designIt is the simplest of all experimental designs. In this case, the control group happens to be the other treatment group then crossed over to receive the same treatment or intervention

In this test the groups are assigned to four groupsThe purpose of which is to make sure that the results are not affected by the ability of the respondent to recall the questions in the exam used or to make sure that the experience they gained from testing will not affect the results

Refers to the studies on quantifiable variables that have no Control and no treatment. It usually involves Observation

Types of Experimental Research

Three Characteristics of Experimental Research Design

Commonly used when random assignment is not possible, and selection bias is a threat to validity.

It attempts to establish a relationship over variables. However, Co-relation does not mean causation. Only experiments can confirm causation

Types of Quantitative Designs

Refers to random assignment of groups onto a controlled block in an attempt to control the variability of the populations and other factors affecting the experiment. This is commonly done in large populations where many factors exist that may potentially affect the study

A quantitative, formal, epidemiological study design used to systematically assess previous research studies to derive conclusions about that body of research. A comparative analysis of various research on common topics and criteria with contradicting results. The benefits of this design include a consolidated and quantitative review of a large and often complexsometimes apparently conflicting, body of literature

This is the highest form of quantitative studywhich by having series of interrelated, interdisciplinary, and integrated experimental studies, can establish a law thru a very strong causal relationship

The researcher gives the same pre-test to both the experimental and the control groups, and then the treatment is given to the experimental group only. After which, both groups are measured again with the same post-test. In this case, each group's gain scores (post-test score minus the pre-test score) are computed and compared. If the gain score of the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the control group, then this difference is attributed to the effect of the treatment