問題一覧
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LIMITATIONS C I D C L T E
cost and markup inventory management and risk dependence on wholesalers competition and market dynamics lack of direct manufacture relationships technological challenges ethical consideration
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Bear the cost of storing and managing large inventories
inventory holding cost
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responsible for storing, transporting, and distributing products to their customer
distribution
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TYPE OF GOODS HANDLE -OFFER A WIRING OF PRODUCTS WITHIN SPECIFIC INDUSTRY, SUCH AS GROCERIES, HARDWARE OR ELECTRONICS
full-line wholesalers
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SERVICES OFFERING - FACILITY TRANSACTION BETWEEN MANUFACTURERS AND RETAILERS WITHOUT HOLDING AN INVENTORY
dropshippers
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Benefits for manufacturers I R I
increase sales reduce inventory cost improve efficiency
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BENEFITS FOR RETAILERS W R L I
wider product selection reduce ordering cost lower prices improve logistics
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Wholesalers at a markup to their products, increasing the overall the cost for a tailors and ultimately consumers
increase cost
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Wholesalers typically offer competitive pricing and credit terms to retailer, making it easier for them to purchase
pricing and credit
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Other qualifications* -specialized in stocking in maintaining specific products categories, such as non-food items in grocery stores
rack jobbers
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TYPES OF GOODS HANLDED -CARRY ABROAD ASSORTED OF PRODUCTS ACROSS DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES CATERING TO DIVERSE, CUSTOMER NEEDS
general-line wholesaler
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Focus on providing industrial goods and equipment to businesses
industrial distributions
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They maintain large inventories of various products, ensuring availability for retailers
inventory management
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They facilitate transaction between manufacturers and retailers without holding any inventory themselves
dropshippers
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Wholesalers expand the rich of manufacturers by connecting them with a wider network or retailers
increase sales
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They act as intermediaries, connecting buyers and sellers without taking ownership of the goods
agent or broker wholesalers
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Retailers can access a diverse range of products from different manufacturers through wholesalers
wider product selection
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Retailers may have less negotiating power
limited price negotiation
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Meaning wholesaler provide additional services such as product assembly, packaging or labeling to enhance the value of the goods they sell
value-added services
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TYPES OF GOODS HANDLED - focus on a limited range of products within a specific niche
specialty wholesalers
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Wholesalers handle the storage, transportation and delivery of goods to retailers
distribution and logistics
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This wholesalers take ownership of goods they sell, assuming the risk of inventory
merchant wholesaler
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Wholesaler typically offer lower prices due to bulp purchasing and economies of scale
lower prices
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KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF WHOLESALER B R D V R
bulk purchases resale distribution value added services risk management
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CLASSIFICATIONS B T S O
by functions/type of wholesalers type of goods handled service offering other classification
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Buying from wholesalers reduce the need for a tailors to place multiple orders with individual manufacturers
reduce ordering cost
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Key roles and function of a wholesaler B I D P P M
bulk purchasing inventory management distribution and logistic product selection and assortment pricing and credit marketing and promotion
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Wholesalers buy goods in large quantities directly from manufacturers, open benefiting from volume discount
bulk purchasing
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The final stage of the supply chain where goods and services are sold directly to consumer for personal use
retail
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Types of wholesalers M A D
merchant wholesalers agent or broker wholesalers dropshippers
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Wholesalers often assume that risk of inventory ownership, which can be significant especially for perishable or seasonal goods
risk management
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n acting as a bridge between manufacturers and retailers
wholesaler
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And operated by a group of retailers,
cooperative wholesalers
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Retailers benefit from the logistic expertise and services provided by wholesaler
improve logistics
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product to retailers or other businesses, usually in smaller quantities than they purchase
resale
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Focusing on production, manufacturers can streamline their operations and increase efficiency
improve efficiency
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Specialized in exporting goods foreign markets
export merchants
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They offer a wide range of products from different manufacturers, providing retailers with a convenient one-stop shop
product selection and assortment
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Manufacturers can offload finish goods to wholesalers, reducing their own inventory holding cost
reduce inventory cost
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SERVICE OFFERINGS* - REQUIRE RETAILERS TO PAY FOR GOODS AND CASH UPON PURCHASE AND HANDLE TRANSPORTATION THEMSELVES
cash-and-carry wholesalers
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assist retailers with marketing and promotional activities, sharing expertise and resources
marketing and promotion
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SERVICE OFFERING They deliver goods directly to retailers
truck wholesalers