List down all the names of the Parts of the Brain

What is the most complex organ of the human body?

How many nerve cells of neurons does the brain have?

It is the decision-making organ of the body– receives messages from all sensory organs and initiates all voluntary actions.

named after Paul , a French surgeon, who reported in 1860s that damage to this part of the brain was related to extreme difficulty in producing speech.

named after a German doctor, who reported in the 1870s that damage to this part of the brain was related to speech comprehension difficulties

Close to Broca's are is the part of the motor cortex that controls the articulatory muscles of the face, jaw, tongue, and larynx.

This refers to an inability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions.

Also called non-fluent aphasia, people with this kind of aphasia have partial loss of their language ability, have difficulty speaking fluently and their speech may be limited a few words at a time.

Also called fluent aphasia, people with this kind of aphasia have trouble with speech comprehension. They can’t produce meaningful or coherent sentences; usually say nonsensical sentences.

People with this type of aphasia can’t find the right words they want to use, like trying to come up with the correct noun or verb. They get around by using fillers like “stuff” or “thing”.

This is the most severe form of aphasia. People cannot speak many words and sometimes don’t understand speech. They cannot read or write. Usually, it happens for a short period following a brain injury or stroke, then moves to a different type of aphasia as brain health improves.

This is a form of dementia where people lose the ability to speak, write, and read over time. It is a gradual loss of language, moving from subtle to severe when in advance stages.

What is the most common cause of aphasia?

Learning a language is human beings’ unique _______ to living in groups and is closely tied to the evolution of the human brain.

Exaggerated Intonation Frequent Use of Questions Extra Loudness Slower Tempo.

Long before a child starts school, s/he has become an extremely sophisticated language user. Aside from speed, it also occurs without overt instruction, supporting the claim that there is an innate predisposition in the human infant to acquire a language.

a child requires interaction with other language users in order to bring their general language capacity in operation with a particular language

is also important– the language that a child learns is not generally inherited, but acquired in a particular language-using environment.

The child must be physically capable of sending and receiving sound signals in a language.

This includes single vowel sounds, such as ‘ooh’ and ‘aah’. Also called the prelinguistic stage.

The baby makes combinations like ma-ma-ma and da- da-da.

The child produces single terms such as cookie, cat, dog, and ball.

The child is able to produce phrases such as ‘baby chair’, ‘mommy eat’, ‘cat bad’

Children add some new lexical elements to form more complex utterances, like prepositions.

Children begin to speak in complete sentences. Imperative and declarative sentences appear first.

refers to the language one acquires in infancy.

is any language acquired after one’s first language.

Considered the founder of modern linguistics, Chomsky’s linguistic research in the 1950s aimed to understand the tools and means through which children acquire language.

He said, “All human beings may be born with an innate understanding of how language works.”

This hypothesis proposes that all humans possess an innate capacity for language , activated in infancy by minimal environmental stimuli.

Children are predisposed to a certain _____________ involving phonemic differences, word order, and phrase recognition.

What allows us to learn language has been called the.

Known as the father of the Critical Period Hypothesis, he examined the development of language in children in the context of developmental biology. He wanted to reinstate the concept of the biological basis of language capacities.

This hypothesis states that the ability to acquire language is biologically linked to age.

Is an expert in the field of linguistics, specializing in theories of language acquisition and development. His theory on second language acquisition consists of five main hypotheses.

The __________ is the product of a subconscious process and requires meaningful interaction in the target language.

The __________ is the product of formal instruction and learning, involving a conscious process resulting in conscious knowledge of the target language.

The ___________ initiates the speaker’s utterances and is responsible for spontaneous language use.

The ________ acts as a monitor or editor, making minor changes and polishing what the acquired system has produced.

Monitoring happens if the speaker is concerned about producing correct language and has learned the relevant rules.

If the input contains forms and structures just beyond the learner’s current level of competence in the language (i+1), then both comprehension and acquisition will occur.

an imaginary barrier that prevents learners from acquiring language from the available input. Depending on the learner’s state of mind, the filter limits what is noticed and what is acquired.

This hypothesis is concerned with the psychological mechanisms involved in acquiring a language.

Intuitively, it is said that children acquire language by imitating the people around them.

This postulates that children learn language by positive reinforcement when they produce a grammatical utterance and by being corrected when they don’t.

This postulates that children acquire language by their innate language abilities to extract the rules of language from their environment and construct the phonology, semantics, and syntax of their native language.