問題一覧
1
Taenia saginata
Beef tapeworm
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Taenia solium
Pork tapeworm
3
stage where the parasite is capable of causing a disease
Pathogenic stage
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large intestinal roundworm
Ascaris Lumbricoides
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Old world hookworm
Ancylostoma duodenale
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Harbors the adult stage of the parasite
Definitive host
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DiagnosticTest: • Scotch tape test
Enterobius vermicularis
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Oriental Lung Fluke
Paragonimus westermani
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FEVER + CONSTITUTIONAL SYMPTOMS + TOURNIQUET TEST
GRADE 1
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EXTRAINTESTINAL CESTODES
Echinococcus granulosus
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New world hookworm
Necator Americanus
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PROFORD SHOCK
GRADE 4
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Cyst deifferentiate into trophozoites
Excystation
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Large Intestinal Roundworm
Ascaris Lumbricoides
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= remains in host from early life to maturity = ex. Plasmodium
Permanent parasites
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whipworm/disease trichuriasis
Trichuris Trichuria
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• vertebrate hosts that harbor the parasite and may act as additional source of infection in man
Reservoir hosts
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Two organismsmutually benefit each other.
Mutualism
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New world hookworm
Necator Americanus
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= live inside the body of the host = helminths or worms
Endoparasites
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process by which trophozoites differentiate into cyst forms
Encystation
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Blood and tissue nematodes
Filari worm
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Muscle worm
Intestinal nematodes
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= areas with warm, moist climates = worldwide = common in tropical and subtropical areas where sanitation and hygiene are poor
Ascaris Lumbricoides
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how a parasite is acquired
Source of Infections
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Threadworm
Strongyloides stercoralis
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GRADE 2+CIRCULATORY FAILURE
GRADE 3
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• Pinworm,Seatworm • Disease: • PinworminfectionorEnterobiasis • dwell in cecum of large intestine, appendix & ascending colon • Lay up to 15,000 eggs at night
Enterobius vermicularis
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GRADE 1+SPOTANEOUS BLEEDING
GRADE 2
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pinworm and seatworm
Enterobius vermicularis
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= must live inside a host eg. Plasmodium, hookworms = majority of parasites that infect humans
Obligate parasites
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Large intestinal Fluke
Fasciolopsis buski
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What is the 3 types of Schistosoma spp
a. Schistosoma japonicum b. Schistosoma haematobium c. Schistosoma mansoni
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how a parasite is able to enter the host
Infective stage
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Pudoc worm
Capillaria philippinensis
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Trophozoites deifferentiate into cyst
Encystation
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= live independently of the host e. free living = don’t have to live inside a host to complete their life cycle
Facultative parasites
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• those that serve as a means of transport for the parasite so that the infective stage of a certain parasite may reach its final host
Paratenic hosts
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What is the type of blood dwelling
Schistosoma spp
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one benefits and the other is harmed
Parasitism
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= live outside the host’s body = fleas, lice
Ectoparasites
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UNDETECTABLE BP & PULSE (DENGUE)
GRADE 4
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= simple visit the host during feeding = ex. non-pathogenic parasites
Intermittent parasites
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Sheep Liver Fluke
Fasciola hepatica
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method of transfer to the host
Mode of transmission
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Diphyllobothrium latum
Fish tapeworm
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harbors the larval stage ( after birth->before adult )
Intermediate host
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• harbor the larval stage of parasites • where the asexual stage of the life cycle of the parasite
Intermediate Host
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relationship between unlike organisms which exist together
Symbiosis
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Invasion of the body by parasites
Definitive host
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Wuchereria brancroft and brugua malayi
Elephantiasis
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A stage which provides evidence for making a specific
Diagnostic stage
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Process by which cysts differentiate into trophozoite forms
Excystation
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Echinococcus granulosus
Dog tapeworm
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Asian Liver Fluke (TISSUE-DWELLING)
Clonorchis sinensis
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One species benefits while the other is not harmed
Commensalism
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TYPE OF INTESTINAL CESTODES
Taenia saginata Taenia solium Diphyllobothrium latum Hymenolepsis nana
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Hymenolepsis nana
Dwarf tapeworm