adhesive and staining

43問 • 2年前

Kmyching

通報

問題一覧

45 - 55˚C for 30 – 45 mins

Hot plate

56 - 60˚C for 2 hours

Wax oven

Leaving in incubator overnight what temp

37c

Most common adhesive, uses egg white

ALBUMIN (MAYER’S EGG ALBUMIN)

Provides firmer attachment than albumin, disadvantage: stains with different dyes

1% GELATIN

1% methyl cellulose, advantage: non staining to commonly used stains

CELLULOSE

general purpose adhesive, widely used in immunohistochemistry advantage: no background staining

POLY-L-LYSINE

Commercial syrup that is diluted 1:10 Disadvantage: blackening on silver impregnation and reticulum methods, red staining in methyl green pyronin technique

SODIUM SALICYLATE

Greatest adhesion, araldite: made of epoxy resins

RESIN

Application of dyes on tissue sections to study the architectural patterns and physical characteristics of cells

STAINING

Direct interaction with dye or stain Active tissue component is colored Include: microanatomical stains, bacterial stains, specific tissue stains

HISTOLOGIC STAINING

Study of tissue constituents through chemical reaction Microscopic localization of substances

HISTOCHEMICAL STAINING

Combination of immunologic and histochemical techniques Detection of phenotypic markers that are detected by antibodies

IMMUNOCHEMICAL STAINING

Uses aqueous produce color solutions to methylene blue, Example: or another eosin

DIRECT STAINING

Uses a mordant or another agent to intensify the action of the dye used MORDANT

INDIRECT STAINING

Not essential and does not participate to chemical reaction of the tissue and dye. Hastens the staining reaction by increasing the staining power and selectivity of dye

ACCENTUATOR

Tissue elements are stained in DEFINITE SEQUENCE The staining with specific periods of time or until desired color is attained No decolorizer is applied

PROGRESSIVE STAINING

Overstaining is done Excess stain removed or decolorized from unwanted parts of the tissue and until the desired color is obtained

REGRESSIVE STAINING

Selective removal of excess stain so that a specific substance may stain distinctly from the surrounding tissue

DECOLORIZER / DIFFERENTATION

Staining with a color that is different from that of the stain itself Usually employed in staining cartilage, connective tissue, epithelial mucins, amyloid and mast cell granules Majority are cationic or basic dyes belonging to thiazine or triphenylmethane groups

METACHROMATIC STAINING

For contrast and background Stain with a different color that of the primary stain

COUNTER STAINING

Demonstration of tissue elements using solutions of metallic salts that are deposited on the tissue surface

METALLIC IMPREGNATION

The selective staining of living cell constituents

VITAL STAINS

by injecting the dye into any part of an animal body - Examples: Lithium, Carmine, India ink

INTRAVITAL STAINING

Used immediately after removal of cells from subject - Examples: Neutral red

SUPRAVITAL STAINING

BEST VITAL STAIN

neutral red

Derived from plants and animals Example: Hematoxylin, Cochineal dyes, Orcein, Saffron

NATURAL DYES

Also known as Coal tar dyes or Aniline dyes Derived from hydrocarbon benzene

SYNTHETIC DYES

Natural dye obtained from Hematoxylin capechianum

HEMATOXYLIN

Active coloring agent Hematin (oxidation of hematoxylin)

RIPENING

Expose the substance to air and sunlight A slow process usually take 3-4 months Hematoxylin stains ripened by natural ripening: Ehrlich’s, Delafield’s

NATURAL RIPENING

Chemical oxidation Hematoxylin stains ripened by artificial ripening: Mayer’s, Harris

ARTIFICIAL RIPENING

Extracted from coccus cacti (female cochineal bug)

COCHINEAL DYES

Carmine dye: Chromatin and nuclear stain for fresh and smear preparation

Used with alum

Picrocarmine: neuropathological stain

Used with picric acid

Best’s Carmine: demonstration of glycogen (BEST)

Used with aluminum chloride

Vegetable dye Generally colorless but if treated with ammonia, exposed to air will produce a blue violet color pH indicator: litmus paper

ORCEIN

substances with definite atomic groups and are capable producing visible color but not permanent

CHROMOPHORE

substance added to chromogen, alters property of chromogen by altering its shade, forms salts with other compounds retaining its color in tissue

AUXOCHROME

impart color that is permanent (chromophore + auxochrome =

DYES

Coloring substance is found in the acid component

ACID DYES

Coloring substance is found in basic component

BASIC DYES

Combination of aqueous acid and basic dyes - Stain nucleus and cytoplasm simultaneously

NEUTRAL DYES

HISTOPATH (lesson 1)

Kmyching · 56問 · 2年前

HISTOPATH (lesson 1)

56問 • 2年前

Kmyching

bacte (microbial control)

Kmyching · 26問 · 2年前

bacte (microbial control)

Collection

Collection

Histopath (somatic death)

Kmyching · 25問 · 2年前

Histopath (somatic death)

fresh tissue

fresh tissue

Staphylococcus

Staphylococcus

lesson 1 (cell injury, adaptation and inflammation and repair)

Kmyching · 67問 · 2年前

lesson 1 (cell injury, adaptation and inflammation and repair)

biopsy

biopsy

autopsy

autopsy

decalcification

decalcification

DEHYDRATION AND CLEARING

Kmyching · 27問 · 2年前

DEHYDRATION AND CLEARING

27問 • 2年前

Kmyching

IMPREGNATION AND EMBEDDING

Kmyching · 21問 · 2年前

IMPREGNATION AND EMBEDDING

21問 • 2年前

Kmyching

TRIMMING AND SECTIONING

Kmyching · 35問 · 2年前

TRIMMING AND SECTIONING

35問 • 2年前

Kmyching

COMMON STAINING SOLUTION

Kmyching · 19問 · 2年前

COMMON STAINING SOLUTION

OTHER STAINING

OTHER STAINING

H&E STAINING, MOUNTING, RINGING AND LABELLING

Kmyching · 19問 · 1年前

H&E STAINING, MOUNTING, RINGING AND LABELLING

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

EPITHELIAL TUMOR MARKERS

Kmyching · 5問 · 1年前

EPITHELIAL TUMOR MARKERS

5問 • 1年前

Kmyching

INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT MARKERS

Kmyching · 6問 · 1年前

INTERMEDIATE FILAMENT MARKERS

6問 • 1年前

Kmyching

NEUROENDOCRINE MARKERS and GERM CELL TUMOR MARKERS

Kmyching · 6問 · 1年前

NEUROENDOCRINE MARKERS and GERM CELL TUMOR MARKERS

6問 • 1年前

Kmyching

MESENCHYMAL TUMOR MARKERS

Kmyching · 5問 · 1年前

MESENCHYMAL TUMOR MARKERS

5問 • 1年前

Kmyching

問題一覧

45 - 55˚C for 30 – 45 mins

Hot plate

56 - 60˚C for 2 hours

Wax oven

Leaving in incubator overnight what temp

37c

Most common adhesive, uses egg white

ALBUMIN (MAYER’S EGG ALBUMIN)

Provides firmer attachment than albumin, disadvantage: stains with different dyes

1% GELATIN

1% methyl cellulose, advantage: non staining to commonly used stains

CELLULOSE

general purpose adhesive, widely used in immunohistochemistry advantage: no background staining

POLY-L-LYSINE

Commercial syrup that is diluted 1:10 Disadvantage: blackening on silver impregnation and reticulum methods, red staining in methyl green pyronin technique

SODIUM SALICYLATE

Greatest adhesion, araldite: made of epoxy resins

RESIN

Application of dyes on tissue sections to study the architectural patterns and physical characteristics of cells

STAINING

Direct interaction with dye or stain Active tissue component is colored Include: microanatomical stains, bacterial stains, specific tissue stains

HISTOLOGIC STAINING

Study of tissue constituents through chemical reaction Microscopic localization of substances

HISTOCHEMICAL STAINING

Combination of immunologic and histochemical techniques Detection of phenotypic markers that are detected by antibodies

IMMUNOCHEMICAL STAINING

Uses aqueous produce color solutions to methylene blue, Example: or another eosin

DIRECT STAINING

Uses a mordant or another agent to intensify the action of the dye used MORDANT

INDIRECT STAINING

Not essential and does not participate to chemical reaction of the tissue and dye. Hastens the staining reaction by increasing the staining power and selectivity of dye

ACCENTUATOR

Tissue elements are stained in DEFINITE SEQUENCE The staining with specific periods of time or until desired color is attained No decolorizer is applied

PROGRESSIVE STAINING

Overstaining is done Excess stain removed or decolorized from unwanted parts of the tissue and until the desired color is obtained

REGRESSIVE STAINING

Selective removal of excess stain so that a specific substance may stain distinctly from the surrounding tissue

DECOLORIZER / DIFFERENTATION

METACHROMATIC STAINING

For contrast and background Stain with a different color that of the primary stain

COUNTER STAINING

Demonstration of tissue elements using solutions of metallic salts that are deposited on the tissue surface

METALLIC IMPREGNATION

The selective staining of living cell constituents

VITAL STAINS

by injecting the dye into any part of an animal body - Examples: Lithium, Carmine, India ink

INTRAVITAL STAINING

Used immediately after removal of cells from subject - Examples: Neutral red

SUPRAVITAL STAINING

BEST VITAL STAIN

neutral red

Derived from plants and animals Example: Hematoxylin, Cochineal dyes, Orcein, Saffron

NATURAL DYES

Also known as Coal tar dyes or Aniline dyes Derived from hydrocarbon benzene

SYNTHETIC DYES

Natural dye obtained from Hematoxylin capechianum

HEMATOXYLIN

Active coloring agent Hematin (oxidation of hematoxylin)

RIPENING

Expose the substance to air and sunlight A slow process usually take 3-4 months Hematoxylin stains ripened by natural ripening: Ehrlich’s, Delafield’s

NATURAL RIPENING

Chemical oxidation Hematoxylin stains ripened by artificial ripening: Mayer’s, Harris

ARTIFICIAL RIPENING

Extracted from coccus cacti (female cochineal bug)

COCHINEAL DYES

Carmine dye: Chromatin and nuclear stain for fresh and smear preparation

Used with alum

Picrocarmine: neuropathological stain

Used with picric acid

Best’s Carmine: demonstration of glycogen (BEST)

Used with aluminum chloride

Vegetable dye Generally colorless but if treated with ammonia, exposed to air will produce a blue violet color pH indicator: litmus paper

ORCEIN

substances with definite atomic groups and are capable producing visible color but not permanent

CHROMOPHORE

substance added to chromogen, alters property of chromogen by altering its shade, forms salts with other compounds retaining its color in tissue

AUXOCHROME

impart color that is permanent (chromophore + auxochrome =

DYES

Coloring substance is found in the acid component

ACID DYES

Coloring substance is found in basic component

BASIC DYES

Combination of aqueous acid and basic dyes - Stain nucleus and cytoplasm simultaneously

NEUTRAL DYES