CRIM 2 THEORIES
問題一覧
1
- emphasized that criminal behavior results from a complex interplay of social and biological factors.
biological theory
2
- also known as determinism
- which stresses that behaviors are determined by factors beyond the control
paradigm
3
- viewed that both thought and behavior have biological and social bases.
- the interaction between predisposition and environment that produces criminality
biosocial theory
4
- seek to explain the onset of antisocial behaviors, such as aggression and violence,
contemporary biosocial theorist
5
THREE RESEARCH STUDIES
biochemical factor, neurological dysfunction, genetic influences
6
o the relationship between antisocial behavior and biochemical makeup and that body chemistry can govern behavior and personality, including levels of aggression and depression
biochemical factors
7
antisocial behavior allegedly peaks in the teenage years because hormonal activity is at its highest level during this period.
hormonial level
8
o brain and nervous system of the offenders. Studies measure indicators of system functioning, such as brain, waves, etch
neurological dysfunction
9
- which controls the brain chemistry, is the key to understanding violence and aggression
neuroendocrine system
10
- are chemical compounds that influence brain activity
neurotransmitters
11
defined as the damage to the brain itsel
minimal brain dysfunction
12
individuals who share the same genes are alike in personality regardless of how they are reared
genetic influences
13
types of genetic influences
parent-child similarities, sibling and twin similarities, adoption studies
14
- explains the existence of aggression and violent behavior as positive adaptive behaviors in human evolution.
- These traits allowed their bearers to reproduce disproportionately, which has had an effect on the human gene pool
evolutionary theory
15
- which suggests that a subpopulation of men has evolved with genes and become sexually aggressive
cheater theory
16
- all organisms can be located along a continuum based upon their reproductive drives.
rk selection theory
17
- reproduce rapidly whenever they can and invest little in their offspring
- people are more cunning and deceptive.
- negative people
r
18
reproduce slowly and cautiously and take care in the raising their offspring
- people are more cooperative and sensitive to others
- positive people
k
19
- the act to satisfied the needs
- environmental factors infuence the brain's level of arousal.
- those who require more stimulation may act in an aggressive manner to meet their needs
arousal theory
20
- criminal behavior is a dynamic process influenced by individual characteristics as well as social experiences, that cause antisocial behaviors change dramatically over a person's life span.
- also recognizes that as people mature, the factors that influence their behavior change.
life-course theory
21
also known as developmental theory
life-course theory
22
- defined as a stable feature, functioning the brain and environmental influences that make some people delinquency-prone over the life course
- needs another factor to produce criminality
latent trait theory
23
talks about heredity and genetic factor
jukes and kalikkaks family
24
founder of jukes family
richard l. dugdale
25
- known for MARGARET, the mother of criminals
ada juke
26
- there was a hunter, a fisher, a hard drinker, and a jolly-man
jukes family
27
founder of kalikkak family
dr. henry h. goddard
28
- father (the revolutionary war soldier)
martin kalikkak sr
29
founder of somatotyping theory
william sheldon
30
- which associates body physique to behavior and criminality
- talks about body built
somatotyping theory
31
types of somatotype
mesomorphic, ectomorphic, endomorphic
32
physique type
athletic, asthenic, pyknic, dysplastic type
33
founder of physique type
erns kretchmer
34
- any of several psychological disorders of mood characterized usually by alternating episodes of depression and mania.
- also known as bipolar disorder.
manic depression
35
- is a mental disorder that is characterized by disturbances in thought (such as delusions), perception (such as hallucinations),
- also called dementia praecox
schizophrenia
36
- deals with the study of facial features and their relation to human behavior.
physiognomy
37
founded the school on human physiognomy
giambattista della porta
38
- study of skull
- is a theory of brain and science of character reading
- the study of the conformation of the skull
- "the only true science of mind."
phrenology
39
founder of phrenology
franz joseph gall
40
the development of his theories concerning brain localization and phrenology (cranioscopy)
johann kasoar spurzheim
41
- holds that low intelligence is genetically determined and inherited.
- many institutionalized people were what he considered "feebleminded"
nature theory
42
founder the nature theory
henry h. goddard
43
- examined the relationship between personality and physical type, with regards to criminal behavior.
- He suggested that human somatotype (body shape and physique) can determine which type of crime a person will commit
earnest a. hooton
44
- who is a Research Associate in Criminology at Harvard Law School in their article "Ten Years of Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency"
dr. eleanor glueck
45
- a Roscoe Pound Professor of Law in Harvard University
sheldon glueck
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45問 • 1年前問題一覧
1
- emphasized that criminal behavior results from a complex interplay of social and biological factors.
biological theory
2
- also known as determinism
- which stresses that behaviors are determined by factors beyond the control
paradigm
3
- viewed that both thought and behavior have biological and social bases.
- the interaction between predisposition and environment that produces criminality
biosocial theory
4
- seek to explain the onset of antisocial behaviors, such as aggression and violence,
contemporary biosocial theorist
5
THREE RESEARCH STUDIES
biochemical factor, neurological dysfunction, genetic influences
6
o the relationship between antisocial behavior and biochemical makeup and that body chemistry can govern behavior and personality, including levels of aggression and depression
biochemical factors
7
antisocial behavior allegedly peaks in the teenage years because hormonal activity is at its highest level during this period.
hormonial level
8
o brain and nervous system of the offenders. Studies measure indicators of system functioning, such as brain, waves, etch
neurological dysfunction
9
- which controls the brain chemistry, is the key to understanding violence and aggression
neuroendocrine system
10
- are chemical compounds that influence brain activity
neurotransmitters
11
defined as the damage to the brain itsel
minimal brain dysfunction
12
individuals who share the same genes are alike in personality regardless of how they are reared
genetic influences
13
types of genetic influences
parent-child similarities, sibling and twin similarities, adoption studies
14
- explains the existence of aggression and violent behavior as positive adaptive behaviors in human evolution.
- These traits allowed their bearers to reproduce disproportionately, which has had an effect on the human gene pool
evolutionary theory
15
- which suggests that a subpopulation of men has evolved with genes and become sexually aggressive
cheater theory
16
- all organisms can be located along a continuum based upon their reproductive drives.
rk selection theory
17
- reproduce rapidly whenever they can and invest little in their offspring
- people are more cunning and deceptive.
- negative people
r
18
reproduce slowly and cautiously and take care in the raising their offspring
- people are more cooperative and sensitive to others
- positive people
k
19
- the act to satisfied the needs
- environmental factors infuence the brain's level of arousal.
- those who require more stimulation may act in an aggressive manner to meet their needs
arousal theory
20
- criminal behavior is a dynamic process influenced by individual characteristics as well as social experiences, that cause antisocial behaviors change dramatically over a person's life span.
- also recognizes that as people mature, the factors that influence their behavior change.
life-course theory
21
also known as developmental theory
life-course theory
22
- defined as a stable feature, functioning the brain and environmental influences that make some people delinquency-prone over the life course
- needs another factor to produce criminality
latent trait theory
23
talks about heredity and genetic factor
jukes and kalikkaks family
24
founder of jukes family
richard l. dugdale
25
- known for MARGARET, the mother of criminals
ada juke
26
- there was a hunter, a fisher, a hard drinker, and a jolly-man
jukes family
27
founder of kalikkak family
dr. henry h. goddard
28
- father (the revolutionary war soldier)
martin kalikkak sr
29
founder of somatotyping theory
william sheldon
30
- which associates body physique to behavior and criminality
- talks about body built
somatotyping theory
31
types of somatotype
mesomorphic, ectomorphic, endomorphic
32
physique type
athletic, asthenic, pyknic, dysplastic type
33
founder of physique type
erns kretchmer
34
- any of several psychological disorders of mood characterized usually by alternating episodes of depression and mania.
- also known as bipolar disorder.
manic depression
35
- is a mental disorder that is characterized by disturbances in thought (such as delusions), perception (such as hallucinations),
- also called dementia praecox
schizophrenia
36
- deals with the study of facial features and their relation to human behavior.
physiognomy
37
founded the school on human physiognomy
giambattista della porta
38
- study of skull
- is a theory of brain and science of character reading
- the study of the conformation of the skull
- "the only true science of mind."
phrenology
39
founder of phrenology
franz joseph gall
40
the development of his theories concerning brain localization and phrenology (cranioscopy)
johann kasoar spurzheim
41
- holds that low intelligence is genetically determined and inherited.
- many institutionalized people were what he considered "feebleminded"
nature theory
42
founder the nature theory
henry h. goddard
43
- examined the relationship between personality and physical type, with regards to criminal behavior.
- He suggested that human somatotype (body shape and physique) can determine which type of crime a person will commit
earnest a. hooton
44
- who is a Research Associate in Criminology at Harvard Law School in their article "Ten Years of Unraveling Juvenile Delinquency"
dr. eleanor glueck
45
- a Roscoe Pound Professor of Law in Harvard University
sheldon glueck