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問題一覧
1
What is immunisation?
a way of inserting a vaccine into the body
2
What is an immunisation
a way of inserting a vaccine into the body
3
What is meant by a vaccine?
a vaccine contains dead or inactive forms of a micro organism
4
How does a vaccine work?
a vaccine contains dead or inactive forms of a disease causing micro organism (a micro organism that cannot make you ill) the micro organism tricks your body into thinking that the harmful active form of the disease has entered your body
5
Who created the first vaccine?
edward Jenner
6
What did the first vaccine protect you against?
smallpox
7
What were symptoms of small pox
blisters that often caused blindness
8
The spread of infectious diseases can be prevented by…..
immunisation
9
Vaccines contain…
dead or inactive cells
10
Why are dead or inactive micro organisms used in vaccines?
they are harmless
11
How did Jenner discover the small pox vaccine?
he noticed that people with cowpox didn’t get smallpox
12
What is the meaning of immune?
resistant to a disease
13
What is meant by an immune system
the body system responsible for fighting disease
14
The body has defences to prevent what from entering your body?
microorganisms
15
What is a pathogen
a harmful microorganism
16
What is a antibodies
special chemicals that attack and destroy the harmful micro organisms
17
Name the cells that make you immune to a disease
antibodies
18
How do immunisations work?
white blood cells make antibodies to fight microorganisms in vaccine. antibodies remembered by body. when the live version of the pathogen enters your body, antibodies will destroy it before it can create disease.
19
Why do people choose not to have some vaccines?
safety of the vaccines and possible side effects
20
Name a possible side effect of immunisations
a temperature
21
Side effects can be treated with
pain killers
22
Advantages being immunised
protection
23
What are antibiotics?
drugs that work by preventing treating or curing symptoms of a disease
24
Antibiotics work by…
killing the bacteria that made you ill
25
Name a common antibiotic
penicillin
26
Who invented penicillin?
Alexander Fleming
27
Bacteria that can no longer be killed by penicillin is…
antibiotic resistant
28
State what is meant by a superbug
bacteria resistant to most types of antibiotic
29
State what is meant by mutation
when bacteria multiply their DNA can be damaged or altered
30
Mutation usually makes bacteria DIE but sometimes it can help it by….
the mutation causing the bacteria to be resistant to an anti biotic like a super bug
31
What happens if people stop taking their antibiotics
most of the bacterial population becomes antibiotic resistant
32
Doctors and nurses rub their hands with what to prevent spread of bacteria
antiseptic gel
33
State what happens if a patient stops taking their antibiotics
most bacteria becomes antibiotic resistant
34
How can we stop superbugs from spreading
wash hands
35
State what is meant by a sterile object
an object with no microorganisms on them
36
What can sterilise medical equipment
autoclave
37
What does DNA stand for
deoxyribonucleic acid
38
Short sections of DNA are know as
genes
39
Each gene contain the
code or instruction for a characteristic
40
DNA is made up of what features
made up of two strands, strands are joined by DNA bases, strands are twisted together to form a double helix shape
41
What are the four DNA bases
ATCG (adenine, thymine,cytosine,guanine)
42
Which one is not a BNA base?
usadine
43
Darwin and Wallace checked each others work this is an early example of
peer view
44
What does extinct mean
no organisms of a particular species are alive anywhere in the world
45
State what is meant by an endangered species
very few of the species are left
46
Name 3 ways scientists can prevent extinction
conservation, captive breeding, seed banks
47
State what is meant by conservation
protecting a natural environment to ensure that habitats are not lost
48
Conservation also..
reduces disruption to food chains and webs, makes it possible for medicinal plants to be discovered
49
State what is meant by captive breeding
breeding animals in human controlled environments
50
Captive breeding programmes aim to….
create a stable healthy population of a species and to gradually re introduce the special back into its natural habitat
51
What’s a seed bank
a way of conserving plants
52
What are the disadvantage of captive breeding?
genetic diversity can be difficult only a small number of breeding partners are available, organisms born in captivity can’t be released into the wild
53
How can animals become extinct?
loss af habitat, space, food, and water