an object that has a shape that creates lift in a moving fluid

the angle between the path of an object and a line drawn perpendicular from the surface with which it is presently in contact (i.e. the normal line)

the angle between the path of an object and a line drawn perpendicular from the surface with which it is presently in contact (i.e. the normal line)

the numerical index of the resistance generated when a body moves through a fluid (values greater than 0)

the numerical index of the liklihood that two surfaces in contact will not slide past each other (values greater than 0)

the numerical index of elasticity (energy retained) after a collusion of two bodies (values 0-1)

the standard deviation (variability)of a series of measurements relative to the mean of the measurements

the product if the applied force and the time overwatch it is applied acting to slow an object (often occurs at foot striking in running)

the product of applied force and the time over which it is applied

the relationship between impulse and momentum; the momentum of an object will change in proportion to the sum of applied impulses

the field of science devoted to understanding mechanical principles in relation to biological organisms

the point about which the sum of bouyancy forces act (equivalent to the centre of gravity)

the drag (profile / pressure drag) regarding resistance caused by a difference in pressure between the front and back of an object; proportional to the frontal surface area and shape (coefficient of drag) of an object and to the square of the velocity difference between the object and fluid

the difference between resting and maximum heart rates

the tendency of an object to remain in its constant state of motion

a force that is applied by a source external to the body (or system) causing a displacment of the body

one part of a body or system applies a force on another part of the body, causing displacement

the description of how an object moves with respect to time; its pattern or sequencing of movement

the linked segments of a body that move together

the energy associated with motion; equal to the product of half an objects mass and the square of its velocity

the changing of trajectory of an object towards the direction of spin; results from the Magnus force

the lift force acting on a spinning object

pertaining to an action at a distance, for example, moment of inertia, moment of force

the perpendicular distance between a centre of rotation of an object and the line of action of a force acting on the object

tendency for a rotating body to remain in its present state of motion; equal to the product of the mass of an object and its radius of gyration

the result of a force acting at a distance from a centre of rotation; rotational action of a force

the force acting perpendicular to a surface

the error of size or distance (and its time derivatives) associated with an objects movement across the field of view or that of the camera

the error of size or distance (and its time derivatives) associated with an objects distance from the eyes or camera

the pattern of movement whereby the joints of linked segments extend (or flex) simultaeneously; optimum pattern for high forces and accuracy

the pattern of movement whereby the joints of linked segments extend (or flex) in a sequential order, usually proximo-distally; optimum pattern for the attainment of high movement speeds

the difference in velocities of two objects or media (for example, object and fluid)

the relationship between arbitrary units and real-world units; arbitrary per real-world unit

(skin, friction, viscous drag) retarding resistance caused by a friction between an objects surface and a fluid moving relative to it

linear motion

a physical quantity described by both a magnitude and direction

a drag retarding resistance caused by pressure differences around an object moving at an interface between two liquids (for example, air and water) that results in wave formation in the more dense fluid

the product of force and displacement; force provided over a range of object movement. It can be "internal" (produced by our own muscles) or "external" (the product of an external force)

the change in energy of a body or system is directly proportional to the work done on the object or system; both work and energy have the same unit of measurement