It warms, moisture, and filter the air entering the body before it riches the lungs. The hairs and mucus in the nasal cavity is useful in trapping any contaminants present in the air.

Delivers oxygen to the superior, middle, and inferior lobe of the right lung.

Carries air to alveoli. The exchanges of gases between the air in the lungs and the blood in the capillaries occurs across the walls of alveolar ducts and alveoli.

Carries breathed air to alveoli.

It allows inhaled air entering the nasal cavity to make its way to the respiratory tract.

A wide hollow tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs during respiration.

Delivers air to the superior and inferior lobes of left lung.

It separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. When it contracts the volume of thoracic cavity increases, creating a negative pressure that draws air into the lungs.

A tough, flexible segment of the respiratory tract connecting the pharynx to the trachea in the neck. It allows the air to pass through the respiratory tract while keeping food and drink to block the airway.

Are small air sacs located at the ends of air passage way of the lungs that facilities the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Is located in the medulla oblongata and pons of the brain stem. It is consist of three major respiratory neurons, the dorsal respiratory group and ventral respiratory grouch which are located in Medulla. The pontine respiratory group which includes two areas known as the pneumotaxic center and the apneustic center are located in the pons.

Dr. Howard was credited for introducing the concept of respiration line length(RLL) in 1981. The respiration line length refers to the linear measurement of respiration cycle in a specified period of time. The measurement of RLL provides an objective means of evaluating the respiration reaction pattern.

The suppression of breathing has been found to be a reliable indicator of arousal during polygraph testing. The following pattern are considered to be correlated with respiratory suppression: 1. Apnea 2. Slowing of rate for three or more cycles 3. Decrease in amplitude for three or more cycles 4. Temporary increase in baseline for three or more cycles

The resting breathing pattern is between 12 to 18 breaths per minute. Examinees who deliberately control their breathing rate to affect the physiological data recorded by the polygraph can be determined by observing the regularity and characteristics of respiration rate: 1. Eupnea - normal breathing 2. Tachypnea - fast breathing 3. Bradypnea - slow breathing

The application of either direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC) to the skin. In DC measurement, if voltage is kept constant, EDA is recorded directly in skin conductance units, while skin resistance units are obtained when current is kept constant. The discovery of exosomatic methods of recording EDA was discovered by Fere in 1888.

Refers to the measurement of electrodermal response generated by the sweat glands without using external current. It was first reported by Tarchanoff in 1890.

Refers to changes in the electrical properties of the skin.

Refers to the baseline or tonic level.

Refers to phasic response or reaction to stimuli.

Refers to tonic level, recorded through exosomatic methods.

Phasic reaction recorded through exosomatic methods.

Phasic response recorded through exosomatic methods.

Tonic level recorded through endosomatic methods.

Phasic response recorded through endosomatic methods.

Is compose of the skin and its appendages. It serves as better as barrier that protects the entry of foreign matters on our body. Skin helps remove water and solutes from the bloodstream through the sweat glands. It provides signal to the central nervous system related to its function as one of the senses of our body.

The outer layer of the skin which provides waterproof barriers and creates skin tone.

This region is comprised of the two deepest layers of the epidermis which are the strata germinativum, and spinosum.

It consist of stratum granulosum, and stratum lucidum.

Can be divided into a lower, middle and upper zone.

The outer layer part of the skin that contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands. It serves to cushion the body from stress and strain.

It contains collagen fibers, it supply nutrients to selected part of the epidermis and regulates temperature.

Is made of thick collagen fibers that are arranged in parrallel to the surface of the skin. It serves to strengthen the skin by providing structure and elasticity.

It attaches the skin to connective tissue covering the muscles. It contains the secretory part of the eccrine sweat glands embedded in fatty tissue, blood vessels and nerves supplying the rest of the skin.

These type of glands are located in the armpit and genital areas. They are larger in size which are discharge into hair follicles, and produced body smells that cause by skin bacteria. They are not of value as sources of electrodermal response considered in psychophysiology or polygraphy.

Are small tubular structures in the skin that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct.

These type of sweat glands are distributed all over the body, but most are found on the palms, soles and forehead and least dense on the arms, trunk and legs.