問題一覧
1
The crust is
A
2
The mantle is
B
3
The outer core is
C
4
The inner core is
D
5
The liquid part is
C
6
C and D are mainly made of
Iron
7
The Mohorovičić discontinuity is the boundary between
A and B
8
Part ① is
SiO2
9
Part ② is
Al2O3
10
Part ③ is
Fe
11
Which is thinner, oceanic crust or continental crust?
Oceanic crust
12
Where does the exploration vessel CHIKYU aim to reach by drilling by 2030?
Mantle
13
Methods to investigate the inner structure of the Earth are
Both
14
An example of longitudinal waves is
Sound wave
15
An example of transverse wave is
X-ray
16
Secondary wave is
Transverse wave
17
In the Earth's interior, the density ( ) with depth.
increases
18
The pressure of the mantle is ( ) the pressure of the core.
lower than
19
Which type of seismic waves can travel through the outer core?
P-waves
20
What layer is 83% of the Earth‘s volume?
Mantle
21
What is the name of the supercontinent that consisted of all present continents?
Pangea
22
When did the supercontinent begin to break apart?
about 250 million years ago
23
How many lithospheric plates are there?
about 17
24
How many major lithospheric plates are there?
about 7
25
Lithosphere consists of
the crust and the mantle.
26
The thickness of the lithosphere is about
100km.
27
How do plates move in a convergent boundary?
Towards each other.
28
How do plates move in a divergent boundary?
Away from each other.
29
How do plates move in a transform boundary?
Pass each other.
30
Which of below is an example of convergent tectonics?
The Andes
31
Which of below is an example of divergent tectonics?
East African Rift
32
Which of below is an example of transform tectonics?
The Dead Sea
33
Earthquakes occur at
All
34
At what type of plate boundary do shallow-focus earthquakes occur?
Transform
35
What is the plate boundary where a huge earthquake is likely to occur?
Convergent
36
Mountain ranges are formed at
Convergent boundaries.
37
The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred between the Pacific Plate and
the North American plate.
38
Nankai trough is on the boundary between the Philippine sea plate and
the Eurasian plate.
39
The speed of the plate movement is
1-10cm/year
40
What is the place where magma erupts within a plate rather than at a plate boundary, like Hawaii?
hot spot
41
What is magma?
Hot, molten rocks
42
Where are volcanoes formed?
All
43
The volcanoes in Japan are formed at
a convergent boundary.
44
Where are 60~70% of magma created on the Earth?
at divergent boudary
45
Once magma reaches the surface, it is called
lava.
46
The area below the crust where magma is stored is
magma chamber.
47
What are solid volcanic products less than 2 mm?
Volcanic ash
48
What are solid volcanic products more than 2 mm?
Volcanic bomb
49
What is the smoke seen in an eruption called?
Plume
50
What is a path by which the magma rise called?
Vent
51
Look at the picture. What is this called?
Breadcrust bomb
52
When the lava from an eruption cools and hardens, what is it called?
Igneous rock
53
Mt. Fuji is
a stratovolcano.
54
Kilauea is
a shield volcano.
55
Showa shinzan is
a lava dome.
56
Mt. Tsukuba is
not a volcano.
57
The main components of volcanic gas in the magma are
water vapor and carbon dioxide
58
What kind of volcanoes form when magma has low viscosity(粘性)?
Shield volcano
59
When eruptions are violent, the silicon dioxide content of magma is
high.
60
Which is NOT a benefit of volcanoes?
Solar energy
61
What is the atmospheric layer that is closest to Earth's surface?
Troposphere
62
What layer has the ozone layer in it?
Stratosphere
63
The thickness of the atmosphere is
100km.
64
What layer protects us by burning up most meteors?
Mesosphere
65
What layer does most weather occur in?
Troposphere
66
What is the most common gas in the atmosphere?
Nitrogen
67
What gas makes up around 21% of our atmosphere?
Oxygen
68
Approximately what percentage of the air is carbon dioxide?
0.0397%
69
Atmospheric pressure is
the weight of air (per unit area) pressing down on the Earth’s surface.
70
Who is the first to measure atomospheric pressure?
Torricelli
71
Rain occurs in
Troposphere
72
In which layer of the atmosphere most clouds are found?
Troposphere
73
Which layer of the atmosphere has the most ozone?
Stratosphere
74
In the mesosphere, which of the following is incorrect.
The temperature increases with increasing height
75
The aurora happens in the
Thermosphere
76
The incoming solar radiation equals to
outgoing terrestrial radiation
77
What percentage of solar radiation is absorbed by the ocean and land?
47% of the incoming solar radiation.
78
How does the earth release heat into space?
By infrared radiation.
79
Which has a greater density of energy obtained from the sun at low or high latitudes?
At lower latitude.
80
When you fly from Japan to the U.S., the trip to the U.S. takes less time than the return trip because of
jet stream.