chapter questions for DNA and Blood

80問 • 1年前

問題一覧

What is known as the blueprint of life

Deoxyribonucleic acid

You have found the sequence of bases on a single DNA strand to be ACGTGCAGT. Give the sequence of the complimentary DNA strand as predicted by base pairing rules.

TGCACGTCA

DNA stands for…

Deoxyribonucleic acid

What are the bases used in DNA?

A,G,T,C

Base pairs are bonded together by ______ bonds.

hydrogen

The _____ of amino acids is called the primary structure of the protein.

sequence

What is the only start codon? (Fun fact: since there is only one, every single one of your genes starts with this sequence)

AUG

Genes direct the production of a specific …

protein

How many amino acids are coded in a gene that is 5.1 kilobases long?

1700

What does RNA stand for?

Ribonucleic acid

Match the base to its RNA pair. Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine. (Pick from adenine, cytosine, uracil, guanine).

uracil, guanine, cytosine, adenine

What is the result of a gene being expressed?

the protein it codes for is produced

What is the enzyme that breaks just the hydrogen bonds associated with a certain gene so that RNA can “zip” in?

Helicase

The nucleus is the only place in a cell in which DNA can be found

false

DNA bonds mechanically, so gentle handling of DNA samples is unnecessary.

False

What does PCR stand for?

polymerase chain reaction

What is the most important enzyme in a PCR reaction?

taq polymerase

Which of the following is not a step in PCR?

Maturation

Adenine attaches to Thymine via a ________ hydrogen bond; Guanine attaches to Cytosine via a ______ hydrogen bond.

double, triple

______ take amino acids and knit them together into proteins.

ribosomes

What does SNP stand for?

single nucleotide polymorphism

What does STR stand for?

short tandem repeat

The chance that you and your sibling inherited the exact same thing from your parents at any given spot in your DNA is ____%

Fraternal twins are essentially siblings who happen to be born at the exact same time. How much of their DNA do they share?

50%

Do people have an open or closed circulatory system?

closed

Which side of the heart pumps oxygen poor blood to the lungs?

right

These _______ are responsible for the pulse you feel when you press your fingers to your wrist or neck.

arteries

On average, blood accounts for _____% of totally body weight in humans.

8.0

The _____ system is responsible for ensuring that blood reaches all parts of the body.

circulatory

You are processing a crime scene in which there is no body, but there is a pool of approximately 4.5L of blood that appears to come from a single source. What inferences might you make about the source of the blood?

they are injured or dead

______ ________ is a yellowish liquid that account for 55% of the volume of blood in the body.

blood plasma

What is the common name for erythrocytes? (3 words)

red blood cells

Erythrocytes are produced in the _____ _____, particularly in the short bones, the flat and irregular bones, and the ends of the long bones.

bone marrow

The process of blood cell development is known as _____?

Hematopoiesis

What is the average erythrocyte lifespan?

4 months

The red color of an erythrocyte is due to what?

hemoglobin

What might be a reasonable conclusion to draw from examining blood that has a high red blood cell count?

they live in the mountains

What is the common name for leukocytes? (3 words)

white blood cells

Leukocytes are the only cells in the blood stream that have a _____ and ribosomes.

nucleus

______ are cells which aid in blood clotting and the repair of damaged blood vessels, and are produced in bone marrow along with the other cells.

platelets

Platelets are useful for DNA testing

False

In the presence of blood, what color does the Adler test turn initially>

blue

What are some of the drawbacks to using hydrogen peroxide as a presumptive test for blood?

it destroys the sample, it can react with many things other than blood

What color does the phenolphthlein test turn in the presence of hemoglobin?

pink

The Leucomalachite green test works a lot like which test?

Kastle-Meyer test or phenolphthlein

The species test relies on the ____ interaction.

antigen-antibody

An antibody, also known as an _____, is a y-shaped protein produced by plasma cells.

immunoglobulin

In the Takayama test, the pyridine reacts with the hemoglobin forming _____ crystals.

hemochromogen

Anti-A attacks which antigen? Answer with only the letter.

Who wrote the first published work about blood spatter was entitled “Concerning the Origin, Shape, Direction and Distribution of the Bloodstains Following Head Wounds Caused by Blows”?

Dr. Eduard Piotrowski

The most common fluid found at a crime scene is ______

blood

The major break through of Dr. Balthazard’s work was the calculation of angle of impact as a function of the length and _____ of the blood drop.

width

What court case made blood spatter analysis a recognized forensic discipline?

state of Ohio v. Samuel Sheppard

Blood spatter analysis was recognized as a forensic discipline in what year?

1955

_____ (all three names) is known as the Sherlock Holmes of blood stain evidence.

Herbert Leon McDonnell

When dropping through the air, a blood drop is ___ in shape.

Spherical

Blood spatter analysis can tell us everything except:

who the blood belonged to

The surface tension of blood is slightly ____ than that of water.

less

The faster a drop of blood was moving, the ____ the diameter of the stain.

larger

Due to air resistance, speed maxes out at distances above ____ feet. (Spell out the number)

seven

A _____ is an extension of the blood that is attached to the main droplet.

spike

A ____ is an extra tiny drop of blood that is not attached to the main droplet.

satellite

A _______ ________ is formed when blood drops at a 90 degree angle due to gravity acting on the blood drop.

passive fall

A _____ pattern is the transfer of blood from a moving source onto an untainted surface.

swipe

If it travels between 25-100 feet per second, it’s considered _____ velocity blood spatter

medium

Cast off is considered ____ velocity blood spatter.

low

What can you infer about the drop of blood that caused this?

it hit the surface at an angle

Cast off is considered ____ velocity blood spatter.

low

If it travels between 25-100 feet per second, it’s considered ____ velocity blood spatter

medium

What does this pattern tell you?

the object on which the pattern sits has been moved in some way

Arterial spurt

Passive fall drop

Blood trial

Swipe

Transfer pattern

Splash with satellites

Wipe

Given this pattern, how many blows might you infer were struck to cause this spatter?

You are likely to find blood on a perpetrator as a result of a high velocity spatter phenomenon called ______

backspatter

The decomposition of ____ is responsible for the color change we see is aged blood stains.

hemoglobin

Chp 9

Leslie Munoz Diaz · 8問 · 2年前

Chp 9