Human Performance

130問 • 2年前

Julien Houdet

通報

問題一覧

The factor that contributes most in assessing an individual’s susceptibility to coronary artery disease is:

family history

The human factors errors that are responsible for many aircraft accidents and incidents are:

poor understanding of procedures and insufficient knowledge

Which of the following statements correctly describes the consequences of the consumption of alcohol before flying:

alcohol may impair judgement and performance if consumed less than 8 hours before flying

_(i)_ the effect of noise exposure, the effects of ageing is cut out the _(ii)_ tones of hearing first

(i) like, (ii) high

In the graph below, person X is:

controlled and thoughtful

The formula used for calculating Body Mass Index is:

weight in kg divided by (height in meters)^2

Heart rate _(i)_ and blood pressure _(ii)_ with temperatures above 36C:

(i) increases, (ii) increases

Ideally, checklists should use _(i)_ for emphasis and _(ii)_ for normal text:

(i) uppercase, (ii) lowercase black print on white background

What is the main side effect of antihistamines?

drowsiness

The amount of O2 in the air at MSL is 21%. At 10,000ft is ___.

21%

The gaseous composition of the atmosphere is:

N2 78%, O2 21%, Other 1%

Circadian rhythms _(i)_ when running free, so it is easier to fly _(ii)_ than to fly _(iii)_

(i) increase their time span, (ii) west, (iii) east

A decision made by a group is:

better than the decision made by the average individual member

The most important consideration in cockpit design is:

eye datum and anthropometry

Iconic memory lasts for _(i)_ and échoit memory last for _(ii)_.

(i) 0.5-1.0 sec, (ii) 2.0-8.0

The illusion experienced after rolling out from an undetected wing drop is:

the leans

During a moving-eye scan the eye will only see when it stops moving. A move/stop cycle is called?

a saccade and the move-stop cycle has 0.3 second duration

What categories of behaviour are used by pilots

rule base, skill base, knowledge base

What physiological changes are caused by stress?

increased heart rate and sweating

The release of Adrenalin into the bloodstream causes:

increased heart rate, increased blood flow and increased breathing

A pilot can employ _(i)_ motor skills and make _(ii)_ concious rescision at the same time.

(i) several, (ii) one

Body language on the flight deck is:

important, but difficult to evaluate due to seating arrangement

Pitch-up illusion from acceleration in straight and level flight will be _(i)_ when the nose is lowered.

(i) made worse

High blood pressure leads to an increased risk of:

coronary artery disease and/or stroke

In an emergency situation and diverting due to bad weather, a complex decision will require:

a low level of stress, or workload

Displaced circadian rhythms will adjust at the approximate rate of:

1.0-1.5 hours per day

Symptoms of hypoxia and hyperventilation are similar, so a patient should be:

treated as if hypoxia if cabin altitude is above 10,000ft

Eyes adjust to different levels of illumination by:

changing pupil size and by changes in the chemical composition of the retinas photosensitive cells

What is atmospheric perspective?

tendency for objects to appear less distinct and smaller when the air is foggy, or hazy

Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea are usually symptoms of Gastroenteris, but if they persist for more than 72 hours:

it could be salmonella poisoning and you should see a doctor

One member of the crew makes a very dangerous decision which is rejected by other crew members. He then makes a less dangerous, but still hazardous decision. The other crew members:

are more likely to accept the second decision

The vestibular apparatus comprises the:

otolith organs and semicircular canals

In the event if explosive decompression, you should…

make no attempt to hold your breathe, breath normally until your mask is on

Pilot personality is best assessed by:

questionnaire

The correct position for the pilot to place the seat is:

Iin line with the eye datum

The design of the cockpit is based on:

a single eye datum point

As a person gets older they:

require less sleep, but are less flexible about when they require sleep

Which are you capable:

talking to others and flying straight and level at the same time

To maintain a satisfactory ECG, one should:

control blood cholesterol, exercise and not smoke

Perception involves creation of mental models of outside world which are based:

mainly on sensory information, but also on experience and expectation

Cockpits are designed to accommodate:

the 5th to 95th percentile of selected individuals

Breathing 100% 02 at ___ will give the same ppO2 in the lungs as at MSL.

33,700’

The ideal leadership style is considered to be:

P+, G+

Pain in the chest, neck, shoulders and left arm, all of which subside with rest, is probably:

angina pectoris

Information in working memory, unless actively rehearsed will:

be lost in 10-20 seconds

Damage to hearing will depend on:

duration and intensity of noise

A person experiences muscular pain in the shoulders and chocking feeling while at a cabin altitude of 8000’, he may be suffering from:

decompression sickness

Around the age of (i) the lens is unable to accommodate fully and (ii) is said to occur:

(i) 45, (ii) presbyopia

All pilots are going to suffer some hearing loss as part of the aging process

this is called presbycusis

Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are:

headaches, breathlessness and cherry-red complextion

A system design consideration which must be given to automated flight decks is:

how much autonomy should be given to the aircraft

What effect does breathing in and out of paper bag have?

increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the lungs

The cause of cyanosis as a result of hypoxia is:

deoxygenated haemoglobin

On long-haul flights aircraft cabin humidity may drop to as low as 5%. One should:

drink fluid as required and use moisturising agents to keep lips and skin moist

The alerting function for all important failures should be done by:

audible warning with visual signal as well if the option permits

The time required for one unit alcohol to be removed from the blood is:

approximately one hour

At night, in order to achiencve the best view of tharger, it is necessary to:

focus the object in a retinal position away from the fovea

In the working memory, the impact of interference may be reduced by _(i)_ the time between arrival of inputs and by _(ii)_ the similarity between them.

(i) increasing, (ii) reducing

Confirmation bias means:

accepting hypothesis confirming information at hand and disregarding that which dis affirms the information

In a rapid depressurisation at high altitude, the venturi effect will cause:

cabin altitude to reach as much as 5000’ above actual altitude

At _(i)_ the body temperature is at its _(ii)_ and may be _(iii)_.

(i) 0500, (ii) lowest, (iii) difficult to stay awake

Pilot sunglasses should:

effectively filter blue light and have 10-15% luminance transmittance

A 3 degree glide slope is maintained when:

the angle between the visual impact point and horizon remains constant

The partial pressure of O2 in the alveoli at 10,000’ is approximately:

55mm Hg

The ideal pilot should be:

a stable extrovert

Rate and depth of breathing is determined by:

blood CO2 levels, or blood pH receptors in the brain

Sleep apnoea (cessation in breathing):

causes daytime tiredness

Boyle’s Law states that:

volume is inversely proportional to pressure for constant temperature

In an urgent situation when a decision has to be made, the ideal captain should:

solicit ideas from the crew before stating his/her own opinion

Body language on the flight deck is:

important, but difficult to evaluate due to the seating arrangements

Perception involves creation of mental models of the outside world which are based:

mainly on sensory information but also on experience and expectation

The partial pressure of O2 in the alveoli at MSL is approximately:

103mm Hg

When presented with an unacceptable high stress situation, the avoidance of the situtation will cause:

Subsequent stress either due to the need either to justify the decision or to renegotiate another solution

Carbon dioxide is carried in the blood is largely:

dissolved as carbon acid

Which of the following statement is not true:

fighter pilots are less likely to suffer from motion sickness because they are continually watching their 6 o’clock

A vibration of 15Hz will affect:

the eyes and throat

Risk shift:

is the passing of the responsibility to the captain

Which statement is true?

blue light may cause cumulative damage to the retina

Which of the following statements is false:

the amount of time awake will be directly related to the timing of sleep when calculating sleep credits

With regards to checklist:

they should be used in accordance with their designed procedure

About ___% of the focusing is carried out by the cornea and ___% by the lens:

70 30

A free running circadian rhythm has periodicity of:

25 hours

Regarding vertical and horizontal axis, the human body can withstand up to:

25g, 45g

When designing controls:

all of the above

A captain should exhibit:

a balance mix of person directed and task directed attitude to his crew

The sleep cycle is

variable between 20 to 28 hours

The speed of response to a situation will depend on:

all of the above

Decompression sickness (the bends) is caused by:

nitrogen coming out of solution in the blood to form bubbles in body tissues

Risk factors for developing coronary heart disease are:

all of the above

When a collision course with an aircraft on a reciprocal track, the size of the approaching aircraft:

increases rapidly just prior to impact

The recommended colour for an Alert on a CRT is:

red

In checklists:

meaningless or potentially confusing abbreviations should be avoided

To obtain optimum performance, the workload should:

reflect the relationship between the demands of the task and the capability of the operator

It takes longer to recover from time zone changes after:

flying east

With respect to mental arousal:

optimum arousal is a state of mind best suited to correct decision making

The onset of lens can be reduced by:

avoiding excessive consumption of alcohol the night before a flight

Which statement is not correct:

stress does not present a problem for flight safety

A constituted crew is:

more likely to evolve different techniques that depart from company procedures

“Need to know” mechanised teaching methods when used for glass cockpits:

are not well suited modern complex systems

100

The main dimension of personality are:

anxiety and extraversion

Performance

Julien Houdet · 122問 · 2年前

Performance

122問 • 2年前

Julien Houdet

Air Law A

Julien Houdet · 154問 · 2年前

Air Law A

154問 • 2年前

Julien Houdet

Air Law B

Julien Houdet · 78問 · 2年前

Air Law B

78問 • 2年前

Julien Houdet

問題一覧

The factor that contributes most in assessing an individual’s susceptibility to coronary artery disease is:

family history

The human factors errors that are responsible for many aircraft accidents and incidents are:

poor understanding of procedures and insufficient knowledge

Which of the following statements correctly describes the consequences of the consumption of alcohol before flying:

alcohol may impair judgement and performance if consumed less than 8 hours before flying

_(i)_ the effect of noise exposure, the effects of ageing is cut out the _(ii)_ tones of hearing first

(i) like, (ii) high

In the graph below, person X is:

controlled and thoughtful

The formula used for calculating Body Mass Index is:

weight in kg divided by (height in meters)^2

Heart rate _(i)_ and blood pressure _(ii)_ with temperatures above 36C:

(i) increases, (ii) increases

Ideally, checklists should use _(i)_ for emphasis and _(ii)_ for normal text:

(i) uppercase, (ii) lowercase black print on white background

What is the main side effect of antihistamines?

drowsiness

The amount of O2 in the air at MSL is 21%. At 10,000ft is ___.

21%

The gaseous composition of the atmosphere is:

N2 78%, O2 21%, Other 1%

Circadian rhythms _(i)_ when running free, so it is easier to fly _(ii)_ than to fly _(iii)_

(i) increase their time span, (ii) west, (iii) east

A decision made by a group is:

better than the decision made by the average individual member

The most important consideration in cockpit design is:

eye datum and anthropometry

Iconic memory lasts for _(i)_ and échoit memory last for _(ii)_.

(i) 0.5-1.0 sec, (ii) 2.0-8.0

The illusion experienced after rolling out from an undetected wing drop is:

the leans

During a moving-eye scan the eye will only see when it stops moving. A move/stop cycle is called?

a saccade and the move-stop cycle has 0.3 second duration

What categories of behaviour are used by pilots

rule base, skill base, knowledge base

What physiological changes are caused by stress?

increased heart rate and sweating

The release of Adrenalin into the bloodstream causes:

increased heart rate, increased blood flow and increased breathing

A pilot can employ _(i)_ motor skills and make _(ii)_ concious rescision at the same time.

(i) several, (ii) one

Body language on the flight deck is:

important, but difficult to evaluate due to seating arrangement

Pitch-up illusion from acceleration in straight and level flight will be _(i)_ when the nose is lowered.

(i) made worse

High blood pressure leads to an increased risk of:

coronary artery disease and/or stroke

In an emergency situation and diverting due to bad weather, a complex decision will require:

a low level of stress, or workload

Displaced circadian rhythms will adjust at the approximate rate of:

1.0-1.5 hours per day

Symptoms of hypoxia and hyperventilation are similar, so a patient should be:

treated as if hypoxia if cabin altitude is above 10,000ft

Eyes adjust to different levels of illumination by:

changing pupil size and by changes in the chemical composition of the retinas photosensitive cells

What is atmospheric perspective?

tendency for objects to appear less distinct and smaller when the air is foggy, or hazy

Nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea are usually symptoms of Gastroenteris, but if they persist for more than 72 hours:

it could be salmonella poisoning and you should see a doctor

One member of the crew makes a very dangerous decision which is rejected by other crew members. He then makes a less dangerous, but still hazardous decision. The other crew members:

are more likely to accept the second decision

The vestibular apparatus comprises the:

otolith organs and semicircular canals

In the event if explosive decompression, you should…

make no attempt to hold your breathe, breath normally until your mask is on

Pilot personality is best assessed by:

questionnaire

The correct position for the pilot to place the seat is:

Iin line with the eye datum

The design of the cockpit is based on:

a single eye datum point

As a person gets older they:

require less sleep, but are less flexible about when they require sleep

Which are you capable:

talking to others and flying straight and level at the same time

To maintain a satisfactory ECG, one should:

control blood cholesterol, exercise and not smoke

Perception involves creation of mental models of outside world which are based:

mainly on sensory information, but also on experience and expectation

Cockpits are designed to accommodate:

the 5th to 95th percentile of selected individuals

Breathing 100% 02 at ___ will give the same ppO2 in the lungs as at MSL.

33,700’

The ideal leadership style is considered to be:

P+, G+

Pain in the chest, neck, shoulders and left arm, all of which subside with rest, is probably:

angina pectoris

Information in working memory, unless actively rehearsed will:

be lost in 10-20 seconds

Damage to hearing will depend on:

duration and intensity of noise

A person experiences muscular pain in the shoulders and chocking feeling while at a cabin altitude of 8000’, he may be suffering from:

decompression sickness

Around the age of (i) the lens is unable to accommodate fully and (ii) is said to occur:

(i) 45, (ii) presbyopia

All pilots are going to suffer some hearing loss as part of the aging process

this is called presbycusis

Symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are:

headaches, breathlessness and cherry-red complextion

A system design consideration which must be given to automated flight decks is:

how much autonomy should be given to the aircraft

What effect does breathing in and out of paper bag have?

increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the lungs

The cause of cyanosis as a result of hypoxia is:

deoxygenated haemoglobin

On long-haul flights aircraft cabin humidity may drop to as low as 5%. One should:

drink fluid as required and use moisturising agents to keep lips and skin moist

The alerting function for all important failures should be done by:

audible warning with visual signal as well if the option permits

The time required for one unit alcohol to be removed from the blood is:

approximately one hour

At night, in order to achiencve the best view of tharger, it is necessary to:

focus the object in a retinal position away from the fovea

In the working memory, the impact of interference may be reduced by _(i)_ the time between arrival of inputs and by _(ii)_ the similarity between them.

(i) increasing, (ii) reducing

Confirmation bias means:

accepting hypothesis confirming information at hand and disregarding that which dis affirms the information

In a rapid depressurisation at high altitude, the venturi effect will cause:

cabin altitude to reach as much as 5000’ above actual altitude

At _(i)_ the body temperature is at its _(ii)_ and may be _(iii)_.

(i) 0500, (ii) lowest, (iii) difficult to stay awake

Pilot sunglasses should:

effectively filter blue light and have 10-15% luminance transmittance

A 3 degree glide slope is maintained when:

the angle between the visual impact point and horizon remains constant

The partial pressure of O2 in the alveoli at 10,000’ is approximately:

55mm Hg

The ideal pilot should be:

a stable extrovert

Rate and depth of breathing is determined by:

blood CO2 levels, or blood pH receptors in the brain

Sleep apnoea (cessation in breathing):

causes daytime tiredness

Boyle’s Law states that:

volume is inversely proportional to pressure for constant temperature

In an urgent situation when a decision has to be made, the ideal captain should:

solicit ideas from the crew before stating his/her own opinion

Body language on the flight deck is:

important, but difficult to evaluate due to the seating arrangements

Perception involves creation of mental models of the outside world which are based:

mainly on sensory information but also on experience and expectation

The partial pressure of O2 in the alveoli at MSL is approximately:

103mm Hg

When presented with an unacceptable high stress situation, the avoidance of the situtation will cause:

Subsequent stress either due to the need either to justify the decision or to renegotiate another solution

Carbon dioxide is carried in the blood is largely:

dissolved as carbon acid

Which of the following statement is not true:

fighter pilots are less likely to suffer from motion sickness because they are continually watching their 6 o’clock

A vibration of 15Hz will affect:

the eyes and throat

Risk shift:

is the passing of the responsibility to the captain

Which statement is true?

blue light may cause cumulative damage to the retina

Which of the following statements is false:

the amount of time awake will be directly related to the timing of sleep when calculating sleep credits

With regards to checklist:

they should be used in accordance with their designed procedure

About ___% of the focusing is carried out by the cornea and ___% by the lens:

70 30

A free running circadian rhythm has periodicity of:

25 hours

Regarding vertical and horizontal axis, the human body can withstand up to:

25g, 45g

When designing controls:

all of the above

A captain should exhibit:

a balance mix of person directed and task directed attitude to his crew

The sleep cycle is

variable between 20 to 28 hours

The speed of response to a situation will depend on:

all of the above

Decompression sickness (the bends) is caused by:

nitrogen coming out of solution in the blood to form bubbles in body tissues

Risk factors for developing coronary heart disease are:

all of the above

When a collision course with an aircraft on a reciprocal track, the size of the approaching aircraft:

increases rapidly just prior to impact

The recommended colour for an Alert on a CRT is:

red

In checklists:

meaningless or potentially confusing abbreviations should be avoided

To obtain optimum performance, the workload should:

reflect the relationship between the demands of the task and the capability of the operator

It takes longer to recover from time zone changes after:

flying east

With respect to mental arousal:

optimum arousal is a state of mind best suited to correct decision making

The onset of lens can be reduced by:

avoiding excessive consumption of alcohol the night before a flight

Which statement is not correct:

stress does not present a problem for flight safety

A constituted crew is:

more likely to evolve different techniques that depart from company procedures

“Need to know” mechanised teaching methods when used for glass cockpits:

are not well suited modern complex systems

100

The main dimension of personality are:

anxiety and extraversion