RESEARCH3

40問 • 1年前

問題一覧

When one generalizes his/her observation about an individual to groups or organization.

INDIVIDUALISTIC FALLACY

Occurs when researcher try to disregard other unit of analysis. Ex: Only Studying 1st Year Criminology students.

REDUCTIONISM

The data collected cover only one short period, collected in one time. It is more simple and convenient. One to two years only.

CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES

Collect data from a respondent over a long period of time. More than 10 years.

LONGITUDINAL STUDIES

Theres cha ges of frequency of an event over a long period of time. The changes of data of one variable.

TREND STUDIES

collect data from the same sample respondents for 2 or more periods of time.

PANEL STUDIES

The researcher tries to study using a specific subpopulations only and not the total number of population as they change over time.

COHORT STUDIES

is a method that collects data from a sample of a population by asking questions in order to describe some characteristics of that population. The oldest method of research methods yet still effective till this day.

SURVEY RESEARCH

researchers analyze the data that have been routinely collected by different criminal justice agencies or other organizations that conduct surveys. An already existing data.

SECONDARY DATA ANALYSIS

investigates whether an independent variable produces an effect on another variable by manipulating the independent variable. This use a controlled environment.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH

This type of research tells the story of one or more individual's life. In criminological research, criminal justice actors (e.g., criminals) are given a chance to tell their stories using their own perspective or Biography.

NARRATOLOGY

This qualitative research extract the essence of their lived experience commonly through interviews. Interview atleast 5 to 25 informants, but still dependent on "data saturation".

PHENOMENOLOGY

This qualitative research aims to develop a theory based on the views or perspective of serveral participants. This type of study conducts interview with 20-60 individuals.

GROUNDED THEORY

Qualitative research that nterprets the patterns of a group's culture over time.

ETHNOGRAPHY

This research makes use of longitudinal study

ETHNOGRAPHY

Qualitative research that conduct an in-depth analysis on an individual's event, program, or activity. Analyze an already existing case

CASE ANALYSIS

Case analysis also uses this type of study

Extensive observation Interviews Documentary analysis on a case or cases.

It is a prediction of possible outcome of the study. It is not final but a self perspective. It is known as "Positive Prediction"

HYPOTHESIS

This is known as "Negative Prediction" it states no relationship between two variables.

NULL HYPOTHESIS

Is arrived when the data gathered reject both the research hypothesis and the null hypothesis and provides an alternative answer to the research question. None of the hypothesis matches the result.

RIVAL HYPOTHESIS

It is the subcategory of variable

ATTRIBUTES

This serves as respndent on your survey

RESEARCH VARIABLES

Example of Variables

SEX AGE COLLEGE YEAR LEVEL IQ

This type of variable's attributes are different from each yet no rank.

NOMINAL VARIABLES

Compromise variable whose attributes differ, have ranks but have no distance.

ORDINAL VARIABLES

comprise variables whose attributes differ, have ranks and distance, but have no absolute zero point.

INTERVAL VARIABLE

comprise variables whose attributes differ, have ranks, distance, and absolute zero point. Ex: Age (0, 1, 5, 10, 30 years old), Number of crimes committed (0) crime, 1 crime, 3 crimes), Monthly

RATIO VARIABLES

is the variable that is expected to affect the dependent variable. (cause)

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

the variable that depends on or is affected by the independent variable. (effect)

DEPENDENT VARIABLE

choosing a smaller group from the population to conduct research.

SAMPLING

sampling design that gives equal probability or chance to each item or individual in the population of being selected in the study.

PROBABILITY SAMPLING

This is the simplest probability sampling method. The researcher needs only is the complete list, random numbers table (this can be search on the internet) to facilitate the random selection of police officers whom a survey is conducted.

SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING

popular alternative to simple random sampling sometimes called as "pseudo- random" selection.

SYSTEMATIC SAMPLING

to achieve variance between and homogeneity within strata or within a group, the researcher can note that the size of the sample elements in a stratum must be relatively proportional to the size of the population of elements of the stratum.

STRATIFIED SAMPLING

used to arrive at a representative sample of a population which have not been compiled in a list. This select sample units twice, thrice, or more at different stages or units of analysis.

MULTI-CLUSTER SAMPLING

researcher selects respondents who are nearest to him or available to him, and, thus, affords him with the ease of selecting respondents but at the risk of not achieving

CONVENIENCE SAMPLING

picking respondents who are most knowledgeable or those who have more experiences with a phenomenon of interest.

PURPOSIVE SAMPLING

the researcher first approaches a known participant who has experienced the researcher's phenomenon of interest.

SNOWBALL SAMPLING

this is the same with the stratified sampling method. This method uses convenience sampling or purposive sampling.

QUOTA SAMPLING

This is sometimes the case of crime causation because the field criminology is MULTIDISCIPLINARY.

REDUCTIONISM

CA-IC FINALS W/PICS

Jessa Trocio · 86問 · 2年前

CA-IC FINALS W/PICS