問題一覧
1
It is important to communicate clearly when managing a CBRN(e) incident, because
Patience will have to disrobe in front of others, so we need to know why and how they need to undress
2
addition support available for HazMat and CBRN(e) incident does NOT include
BASICS
3
Treatment used in triage sort includes
Airway management, respiratory and circulatory assessment, cannulation, fluid therapy, pain relief, application of HOTT principles, GCS
4
The main JESIP principles do NOT include:
Joint assessment of risk
5
Triage sort is
A dynamic process that must be frequently repeated
6
Potential signs of a CBRN(e) release include
Dead or distressed people, birds and animals
7
It is important to communicate clearly when managing a CBRN(e) incident, because
The process of asking someone to disrobe requires trust, and we may need them to help other us
8
During a major incident, the ambulance service is responsible for
Command & control, coordinating with the further NHS, triage, treatment, transport, specialist incident response
9
Triage should be used when
You attended incident when the number of casualties exceeds the number of skilled rescuers
10
The components of a hazard assessment include
Release indicators, number of patients, signs & symptoms, weather conditions, hazards, location, built enviroment, presence of perpetrators
11
CBRN(e) stands for
Chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, explosive
12
The driver who is first on scene at a major incident must
Secure & stay with vehicle, leave beacons on, not attempt casualty interventions, relay METHANE report & maintain contact with EOC
13
Why is EPRR important in our own organisation
Ensures NWAS are capable if effectively responding to major, critical & business continuity incidents whilst maintaining services to patients
14
Interoperability is important so that
Emergency service personnel work effectively within their own service & other services.
15
EPRR is important in NWAS as:
It is a requirement of the Civil Contingencies Act 2004
16
Nerve agent antidote for severe symptoms should be administered
Three doses immediately into different large muscle groups
17
When you report a major incident with a potential hazardous substance, via EOC, you would use a communication model known by the acronym:
METHANE
18
The aim of triage is
To do the most of the most casualties by shorting them into order of treatment by prioritising clinical need
19
The causes and risks of under triaging include
In accurate assessment, resulting in treatment being withheld due to incorrect category assignment
20
JESIP define a major incident as
Situation with a range of serious consequences, which requires special arrangements to be implemented
21
A hazard assessment should be conducted when
There are three or more patients in close proximity who have the same/similar symptoms with no obvious cause
22
I had to do substance incident can also be known by the acronym
CBRN(e)
23
During a major incident the OPERATIONAL commander
Is responsible for the activities undertaken at scene, works closely with the operational commanders from other services at the forwards command post
24
During a major incident the strategic commander
Takes overall charge of their respective service, is responsible for formulating strategy & controlling resources, delegates tactical decisions to their respective tactical commanders
25
Multiple individuals, showing or explain, signs of which of these would promote a hazard assessment for a CBRN(e)
Disorientation and sweating
26
EPRR:
May include plans to prevent, reduce, control & mitigate emergencies, as well as business continuity arrangements & the use of threat levels
27
Specific communication tools relating to the management of a major incident include:
A designated airwaves talk group, the phonetic alphabet, JESIP principles, a joint decision making tool
28
Interoperability is important when dealing with a major incident because
It ensures that emergency service personnel work effectively with their colleagues & other services
29
The T in the METHANE communication model relates to:
The type of incident, e.g rail,chemical.
30
treatments used in the triage sieve includes
Control catastrophic haemorrhage, open airway, recovery position
31
The 5 main JESIP principles are
Co-locate, communicate, co-ordinate, jointly understand risk, shared situational awareness
32
During a CBRN(e) incident, when requiring a patient to remove their clothes, the guidance we follow is
Remove, remove, remove
33
Observations taken in triage sieve include
Recognise, catastrophic haemorrhage, AVPU, airway patency, respiratory rate, pulse rate, capillary refill
34
When classifying incidents, a major instance, involves how many patients
Tens
35
Organisations working together effectively to achieve a joint aim is also known as:
Interoperability
36
The main JESIP principles include:
Co-locate
37
Triage sort adopts the triage trauma system. this categorise as patience using
RR 0-4, BP 0-4 GCS 0-4
38
Support roles during a major incident are also known as
Functional roles
39
The incident command & control system is
A three tier hierarchical system with empowered roles, which provides specific authority over other for an event
40
Central signs of a CBRN(e) release include
Withered or dead plants, life and vegetation
41
During a major incident, actions of subsequent crews scene should include
Keeping Radio to a minimum, use of a designated talk group, using the appropriate equipment to move patients
42
when classifying, incidents and mass casualty incident involved, how many patients
Hundreds
43
Potential signs of a CBRN(e) release include
Unexplained vapour, mist clouds, oily droplets, or film on water
44
According to the Civil contingencies Act 2004, an emergency is defined as:
An event or situation which in serious damage to human welfare, damage to the environment or war/terrorism in the UK
45
The JESIP joint decision model does not include:
Request further resources
46
The dynamic decision-making cycle includes
Risk assessments
47
Incident briefings are important, because
Briefings ensure that all staff attending incident are fully informed of the developing situation and able to anticipate the relevant resources required
48
Potential injuries caused by major incident can include
Crush, blast, spinal, pelvic, chest, lacerations, concussions, maxillofacial
49
Potential causes of major incidents can be
Big bang, rising tide, headline news, cloud on the horizon
50
The aim of triage is to
Ensure the best for everyone is achieved until such time that resources are sufficient to provide further care
51
The incident command & control system has:
Operational, tactical & strategies commanders rank, with empowered roles, which provides specific authority over others for an event
52
The NHS needs to plan for, & respond to, a wide range of incidents & emergencies that could affect health or patient care. This is known as:
Emergency preparedness, resilience & response (EPRR)
53
why is over triage, dangerous
It puts pressure on scarce resources
54
Incident debriefings are important because
Discussing traumatic incidents have been proven to have a positive effect on attending clinicians mental health
55
EPPR is utilised in NWAS, because
It identifies specific responsibilities in terms of alerting NHS funded organisations in the event of significant incidents or emergencies
56
During a major incident the TACTICAL commander
Implements the JESIP principles with other respective services Tactical commanders, ensures safety, formulates timely planning, allocates sources
57
Which of these is NOT an important aspect to consider and communicate during a CBRN(e) incident
Encouraging patients to drink plenty of fluid
58
Interoperability means:
Services working together effectively to achieve a joint aim
59
Support roles during a major incident include
Safety, parking, equipment & loading officers
60
Addition support available for HazMat & CBRN(e) incidents include
HART, SORT, HeliMed, MERIT, fire and rescue service, police
61
Support roles during a major incident include
Primary & secondary triage & casualty clearing officers
62
How would you report a potential hazardous substance incident?
Contact EOC stating ‘potential HazMat or CBRN(e) incident’ & pass a METHANE report
63
During a major incident the attendant who is first on scene must
Undertake scene reconnaissance & collate evidence for a METHANE report
64
Signs of a CBRN(e) prompting a hazard assessment do NOT include
One or two individuals showing a pinpoint pupil
65
The correct way to administer nerve agent antidote is
Intramuscular injection into the mid lateral thigh , hold in tissue for 10 seconds, seek senior clinical advice, evacuate to hospital
66
The key features of emergency, preparedness, resilience and response (EPRR) include
Category 1 responders, who plan to prevent reduce control and mitigate emergencies or other disruptions that occur
67
When classifying incidents, a catastrophic incident, involves how many patients
Thousands
68
Vulnerable populations that need to be accounted for, in regards to major incident include
Children, non-English speakers, people with learning, difficulties and/or mental illness
69
During an emergency or a major incident, the joint decision model is:
Used to support the decision making of the commanders & throughout the chain of command
70
ATMIST stands for
Age, time, mechanism, injuries, signs and symptoms, treatment
71
During a major incident, actions of subsequent crews on scene should include
Transport of the patient to a destination assigned by the loading point officer
72
The components of a hazard assessment include
Number of patients
73
During a major incident, the ambulance service is responsible for
Command & control
74
Triage sieve is
A fast physiological assessment of the casualty where they are found
75
Which is NOT an example of over triage
An unconscious patient with the normal respiration rate and heart rate being categorised as P1
76
During a CBRN(e) incident, when moving patients to a safe area we should
Keep casualties within the inner cordon but away from the contamination, move upwind and uphill from the incident if possible, reassure the patients, encourage the removal of contaminated clothing
77
When reporting a potential hazardous substance incident, METHANE stands for
Major incident (standby/declared), exact location, type, hazards, access/egress, number of casualties, emergency services (required/on scene)
78
Which is not an important reason for recording, triage findings
So they can be imparted to the media to show what the service has provided
79
Traige sorts involves:
Assessment at the casualty clearing station, including blood pressure, respiration rate, and GCS, which numerates the patient’s category as T0-T12
80
It is important to account for vulnerable, populations, because
The civil contingencies act 2004 identifies removable people as a priority in emergency
81
Nerve agents antidote should be used
When there is a clinical diagnosis of nerve agent or organophosphate poisoning
82
During a major incident, the ambulance service is NOT responsible for
Demand, triage, treatment, transport, specialist incident response
83
Triage sieve involves
Using the NASMeD Triage Call to incomplete a rapid physiological assessment
84
During a CBRN(e) incident, once contaminated clothing has been removed, remaining contamination can be removed by
Dry decontamination with paper towels, improvised wet decontamination, sort decontamination
85
Which components of a hazard assessment do NOT include
Presence of a specialist response
86
During a major incident which of these is NOT the responsibility of the attendant who is first on scene
Relay METHANE report & maintain contact with EOC
87
Additional support available for HazMat & CBRN(e) incident include
Fire and rescue service, police
88
patient categorises identified in the triage sort assessment are
T0 (no signs of life) to T12 (normal vital signs)
89
Why is the NATO phonetic alphabet important when communication information
Reduces the likelihood of miscommunication issues
90
According to the NHS, a major incident is defined as
Any occurrence that presents a serious threat to the health of the community, disruption to services, or causes, or is likely to cause such numbers or types of casualties, which require special arrangement to be implemented
91
Potential causes of major incident would NOT include
Cloud on the mountain
92
During a major incident actions of subsequent crews on scene should include
Turn off vehicle beacons ,donning of appropriate PPE, the driver staying with the vehicle