問題一覧
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Mineral required for bone formation and for blood clotting and important in nerve and muscle function :٫
Calcium
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Often ordered as a follow-up test for low calcium or potassium or to assess symptoms of muscle problems like weakness, twitching, cramping or cardiac arrhythmias :
Magnesium
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CK-BB is found primarily in :
brain
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Alkaline phospatase normal range :
20-130 U/L
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Na is the main
Extracellular
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Ck normal range for female
10-115 U/l
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Chemical form of fatty acids for transport and storage in adipose tissue
Triglyceride
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General indicator of tissue damage :
LDH
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Reserve capacity of transferrin for additional iron transport Sometimes used to monitor treatment for iron toxicity
UIBC
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Often ordered with creatinine to evaluate kidney function :
Urea
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Normal range of total iron binding capacity (TIBC)
250-425 mg/dl
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HDL normal range :
>37mg/dl
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Uric acid normal range for male :
3.5-7.2 mg/dl
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Potassium normal range :
3.5-5.1 mmol/L
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Widely distributed in tissues like heart, lung, liver, kidney, skeletal muscle; occurs in five forms, numbered FROM 1 to 5
LDH
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Major intracellular cation responsible for muscle contraction and maintenance of normal heart rate :
Potassium
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The normal range of Uric acid for Female:
2.6-6.0 mg/dL
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ALT normal range for male :
13-40 U/L
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intracellular proteins found specifically in heart muscle; they are released when there is damage to cardiac cells Diagnosis of heart attack :
Troponin
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Intracellular proteins found specifically in heart muscle, they're released when there's is damage to cardiac cells diagnosis of heart atrack
Troponin
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Normal range Urine protein
50-80 mg/day
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removes excess cholesterol from tissue for disposal :
HDL
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Magnesium normal range :
1.6-2.6 mg/dl
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one of the following chemical tests in the blood do NOT use a tourniquet when drawing blood
Calcium
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K ions are mainaly
intracellular
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The normal range of creatinine for Female
0.6-1.1mg /dl
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Glucose normal range for target fasting volume
74-106 mg/dl
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CK-MM found primarily in :
Skeletal muscle
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The important process that links the analytical signal with the concentration of analyte :
Calibration
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GGT normal Range (Male)
2-30 U/L
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Found in many tissues, especially bone, intestine, kidney and liver Assessment of bone diseases and liver diseases :
Alkaline phosphatase
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Iron normal range for male :
66-175 mg/dl
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A waste product from breakdown of purines (DNA components) :
Uric acid
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Normal range for albumin
3.5-5.2 g/dL
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A control sample is analyzed multiple times (usually daily) over an extended period of time (weeks to months) to ensure that the test gives reproducible results :
Quality control
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Creatine normal range for Male:
0.7-1.3 mg/dl
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Primarily found in liver To assess liver disease, more specific for liver diseases than AST :
ALT
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the circulates in blood in two forms referred to as conjugated and unconjugated :
Bilirubin total
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Major extracellular cation responsible for maintaining fluid balance in circulation :
Sodium
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carries cholesterol from the liver to peripheral tissue :
LDL
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The normal range of Ammonia (NH4+)
40 - 80 mg/dl
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Phosphorus normal range :
2.7-4.5 mg/dl
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The normal range of Direct bilirubin
< 0.3 mg/dl
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Cpk normal range for male :
25-130 mg/dl
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Digestive enzyme secreted by pancreas and salivary glands responsible for breakdown of triglycerides To diagnose pancreatitis :
Lipase
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CK-MB found primarily in :
heart muscle
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The life time of RBC
3 months
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Major protein in blood made in the liver, it binds and transports many substances :
Albumin
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increased the lest levels can cause mental and neurological changes in the brain
Ammonia (NH4)
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Normal range for GGT
1-20 U/l
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Normal range of microalbuminurea
15-150 mg/24 hours
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Widely present in tissue especially liver, heart and skeletal muscle To assess liver disorders :
AST
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Digestive enzyme secreted by salivary and pancreatic glands responsible for digestion of starches To diagnose pancreatitis :
Amylase
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Major protein in blood made In the liver, it binds and transports many substance
Albumin
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A waste product from the muscle breakdown of a compound :
Creatinine
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Urea normal range :
6-20 mg/dl
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Normal range for Hba1c :
< 5.7 mg/dl
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Normal range for lipase :
31-186 U/L
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Cholesterol normal range:
Less than 200mg/dl
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Maximum amount of iron that can be transported by the transferrin in blood Tests iron status :
TIBC
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Sodium normal range :
136-145 mmol/L
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normal range for LDL
<100 mg/dL
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Bilirubin total normal range
0.1-1.2 mg/dL
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Present in liver and some other tissue—very sensitive indicator of any liver disorder Assess liver disease or damage :
GGT
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The conjugated form is water-soluble, made in the liver and excreted in the blood :
Direct bilirubin
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Normal range of ALT for female
10-28 u/l
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Triglyceride normal range
150> mg/dl
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Normal range for Amylase
27-131 U/l
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Normal range of CSF protein
12-60 mg/dl
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Major extracellular anion; changes in concentration typically mirror sodium concentrations :
Chloride
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A waste product of amino acid breakdown converted to urea by the liver:
Ammonia
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Glucose normal range for target fasting value :
74-106 mg/dl
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To determine if patient is iron deficient or to determine if patient has an iron overload syndrome :
Iron
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AST normal range :
8-20 U/L
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Damage the CK-MB enzyme is elevated about( -------)hours after a heart attack :
4-6 hours
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Mineral important in bone metabolism, energy production and nerve and muscle function Usually measured along with other analytes to help diagnose problems with calcium metabolism :
Phosphorus
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The unconjugated form is fat-soluble and the product of hemoglobin breakdown
Indirect bilirubin
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Important steroid lipid, made by the liver and used for production of steroid hormones and cell walls
Total Cholestrol
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The normal range of soudium is
136-145 mmol/L
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LDH normal range :
100-190 U/L
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major source of energy for many tissues – regulated by hormones, such as insulin, cortisol and glucagon :
glucose
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Normal range of Unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC)
110-370 ml/dl
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Normal range HDL for female
<40 mg/dl