Solid - Gas

are involved in solutions where an ionic compound is dissolved into polar solvent

Gas - Liquid

invented one of the most powerful tools in analytical chemistry the mass spectrometer

especially important for solutions in polar liquids

it can easily acquire the shape of a vessel and they have fixed volume

there is much space between the molecules which makes their flowing ability easy

is defined as everything that has mass and volume

discovered and named the atomic nucleus, the proton the alpha particle and the beta particle

the strength of this attraction is dependent on the arrangement of the particles the proximity of particles related to one another and the nature of the interacting particles

made up of particles that are constantly moving

carried out the first research into the treatment of tumors with radiation

primarily focuses on atoms ions and molecules which in turn make up elements and compounds.

a special type of dipole-dipole interaction between the hydrogen atom in a polar bond

it is a type of chemical bond that generates two oppositely charged ions

between water molecules are particularly strong

Solid - Liquid

The Scientific Process

he is the first to proposed that matter exists in the form of particles.

they are spaces between particles of

everything that takes up space and has mass, is the 'stuff' that makes up the cosmos. Atoms, which are made up of protons neutrons and electrons are the building blocks of all

he differentiated between compounds and mixtures

this state is one of the fundamental states of matter

the partial negative side of one molecule is attracted to the partial positive side of another molecule

includes quantitative and qualitative analysis separations extractions distillation spectrometry and spectroscopy chromatography and electrophoresis

two atoms are bound to each other through a polar covalent bond

discovered the law of partial gas pressures

does the study of compounds that don't contain a CH bond

the father of nuclear chemistry and nuclear physics

an application of the theory is that it helps to explain why matter exist in different phases (solid, liquid, and gas) and how matter can change from one phase to the next.

is the study of compounds not covered by organic chemistry

this type of force is stronger than the dispersion forces because polar molecules have permanent uneven distribution of electrons

these are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule

they also possess high compressibility and thermal expansion

Gas - Solid

these forces are present between all types of molecules due to the movement of electrons

established the germ theory of disease

made numerous pioneering contributions to the study of radioactive elements

it also deals with the properties of these substances and the reactions undergone by them to form new substances.

this chemical species tend to interact with each other through chemical bonds. it is important to note that the interactions between matter and energy are also studied in the field______

discovered gay-lussac's law relating gases temperature volume and pressure.

this bond is formed between atoms that have similar electronegativities affinity or desire for electrons

as electrons move around the nucleus and an even distribution causes momentary charge separations

it does not have any fixed shape or volume

it can be applied to almost all fields of study as it logical rational problem solving method.

5 Branches of Chemistry

co-discovered the chemicals radium and polonium

attractive forces that act between molecules or particles in the solid or liquid states

there are two kinds of forces or attractions that operate in a molecule

it is a process by which observations are questioned; hypothesis are created and tested; and the results are analyzed

the father of modern microbiology

types of intermolecular forces

first to propose the combination of small particles to form molecules.

does translatory, rotatory vibratory motion are observe prominently

Academic Guess

a negative ion anion attracts the partially positive end of a neutral polar molecule

without carbons

obtain the first evidence for isotopes of stable elements

it was used even in ancient times but it was first documented by england's sir francis bacon (1561-1626) who set up inductive methods for scientific inquiry

attractive forces between polar molecules molecules that possess dipole moments

the intermolecular forces experienced between them are negligible

the extent to which a dipole moment can be induced in a molecule is called its polarizability

most commonly found in solutions

discovered anaerobic bacteria

what are the three primary states of matter?

it is the study of the chemistry of life and reactions occurring in living organisms

generally this attractive forces are much weaker than bonding force

Liquid - Gas

a positive ion cation attracts the partially negative end of a neutral polar molecule

he formulated the fundamental gas laws.

he coined the term 'atoms'

of matter offers a description of the microscopic properties of atoms or molecules and their interactions leading to observable macroscopic properties such as pressure volume and temperature.

the molecules are closely packed due to weak intermolecular forces

invented food preservation by pasteurization

it differs from liquids and gases by the characteristics of rigidity

these forces are weaker than solids but stronger than that of gases

these are the forces that exist between molecules

discovered the electron

died due to high exposure of radium

is a sub discipline science that deals with the study of matter and the substances that constitute it.

dipole-dipole interaction

the molecules are tightly packed because of strong intermolecular forces they only oscillate about their mean positions

Liquid - Solid

types of intramolecular forces of attraction

slightly positive sides of a molecule are our tongue tied to the slightly negative sides of the adjacent molecules

this bond is formed by the complete transfer of valence electrons between atoms

is the branch of chemistry that applies physics to the study of chemistry which commonly includes the applications of thermodynamics and quantum mechanics to chemistry

is the study of carbon and its compounds

the weakest of intermolecular forces that can exist between two molecules but the larger the atoms present the stronger the dispersion forces

is the study of chemical processes that occur inside of living organisms. example of key modules include proteins nucleic acids carbohydrates lipids drugs and neurotransmitters

with carbon

a kind of attractive force that occurs between an ion and a polar molecules

transform chemistry and biology with his discovery of mirror image molecules

in polar molecules the electrons are unevenly distributed because some elements are more electronegative than others