Precolonial period

Spanish period

Revolutionary period

4. American period

Japanese occupation

Postwar era or the Third Philippine Republic

Martial Law era

Fourth Republic

Post-EDSA or the Fifth Republic

The early Filipinos had a government which they called __.

The head or the leader was called a ___ who was assisted by the elders in the community.

This unit is headed by a chief known as the __.

The early Filipinos had a government which they called “Balangay”. The head or the leader was called a Datu or Rajah who was assisted by the elders in the community. This unit is headed by a chief known as the datu. In other parts of the archipelago, the rulers were called rajah, sultan, or hadji. The datu held vast legislative, executive, and judicial 0 Philippine Politics and Governance powers.

Social classes (pre-spanish govern)

was an ancient judicial practice by which the guilt or innocence of the accused was determined by subjecting them to a painful, or at least an unpleasant, usually dangerous experience.

was a servant that lived in their own little house on the property of their master

was a servant that lived around the house of their master

Ferdinand Magellan’s arrival in the Philippines in __ became the Spanish Crown’s basis for the occupation of the archipelago.

Ferdinand Magellan’s arrival in the Philippines in 1521 became the Spanish Crown’s basis for the occupation of the archipelago. Thereafter, a number of expeditions were sent to formally colonize the archipelago. However, it was only during Miguel Lopez de Legazpi’s conquest of the islands in 1565 did the formal establishment of a colonial government take place.

National Government : (Head)

Alcaldia(Provinces) .(head)

Pueblos (Towns). (head)

Barangays (head)

precolonial government wIfas characterized by independent batherangays, the Spaniards consolidated power under a centralized government, which was led by the __.

With his authority based in Manila (Intramuros), the __. was likewise an all-powerful individual. He had executive, legislative, judicial, administrative, and military powers

The unified barangays composed the pueblos or towns, which were led by the __.

Provinces that were fully subjugated were called __,

while provinces that were not entirely pacified under Spanish authority were called __, led by the corregidor.

an independent body created to hear and solve cases.

During the second half of the 19th century, the nationalist sentiments of the Filipinos were awakened. The Propaganda Movement, led by key figures such as Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. del Pilar, and Graciano Lopez Jaena, advocated reforms—such that the same rights and freedoms being enjoyed in Spain would also be granted to the Filipinos.

The Propaganda Movement was led by __.

KKK was founded by

Andres Bonifacio organized the Katipunan, a secret revolutionary organization of the Filipinos, whose aim was a complete separation from Spain. It was replaced by another government when it was discovered by the Spanish authorities.

On __.the First Philippine Republic was established.

__ which was composed of the president, secretary/secretaries, treasurer, and fiscal.

__ and the __was also organized in each province and town, respectively.

A __was also created to adjudicate on cases involving members of the organization.

On __, the Tejeros Convention was called, where Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo was elected as president

the __ faction mostly comprised of people from the rich section of society or the ilustrados from Cavite

the __ faction comprised of people from the poorer section of society or the middle-class, most of which came from Manila.

The revolutionary leaders called the convention in a friar estate residence in Tejeros, ostensibly to discuss the defense of Cavite against the Spaniards during the Philippine Revolution

Katipunan into two functions:

Treaty of Paris- The signing of the Treaty of Paris signaled the end of the Spanish-American War. The treaty involved United States’ payment of $20 million to Spain after the latter ceded all its imperial possessions, including Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

The signing of the Treaty of Paris signaled the end of the __

William H. Taft (in office 1901–1904) became the first civil governor of the Philippines.

the Philippine Organic Act (Cooper Act) was enacted, which provided for the creation of a Philippine legislature.

means the two parts of the legislative branch; Philippine Commission as the upper house; Philippine Assembly as the lower house

the first nationwide election was held and the Philippine legislature held its first session

The Philippine Commission became the Senate, while the Philippine Assembly became the House of Representatives.

The Japanese occupation of Manila signaled the establishment of the Japanese Military Administration

a civil government that would temporary rule the country. It was composed of Filipinos, with Jorge B.

president of the Philippine Republic whereas the new constitution was promulgated.

independence to the Philippines after the 10-year transitional period.

Japanese Occupations :

The said constitution provided for a presidential and unitary system, wherein the president will be directly elected by the people and will serve for four years with a maximum of two terms.

An independent judicial body—composed of the Supreme Court and the lower courts—was also created.

In 1965, Ferdinand Marcos was elected to the presidency and his administration was characterized by an increased agricultural productivity, massive infrastructure development, and a defining diplomatic policy.

In 1969, he ran for reelection and succeeded, making him the only president under the 1935 Constitution to be elected for a second term.

4 GOVERNMENTS OF SPANISH PERIOD

4 HEAD OF SPANISH PERIOD

ALL PRESIDENTS