問題一覧
1
The resolution of the fluoroscopic image is directly affected by the WHAT?. Many video monitoring systems are limited to a 525-line raster pattern where fluoroscopic geometric factors affect the overall resolution of the image.
video monitoring system
2
Many video monitoring systems are limited to a WHAT? where fluoroscopic geometric factors affect the overall resolution of the image.
525-line raster pattern
3
Many video monitoring systems are limited to a 525-line raster pattern where WHAT? affect the overall resolution of the image.
fluoroscopic geometric Factors
4
Many video monitoring systems are limited to a 525-line raster pattern where fluoroscopic geometric factors affect the
overall resolution of the image.
5
It is affected by the same factors as in static radiography
contrast
6
It is directly affected by the video monitoring system
resolution
7
The fluoroscopic geometric factors include
Mi FITFOV minification flux gain focal point input and output phosphor diameter thickness viewing system resolution oid
8
Affected by same parameters as static radiography
size distortion
9
Size distortion is affected by
same parameters as static radiography
10
Primarily afftects the size distortion
oid
11
Geometric problems in what?
shape of input screen
12
shape helps reduce shape distortion, but does not remove it all
concave shape
13
Concave shape helps reduce what?
shape distortion
14
Vignetting or pin cushion effect
shape distortion
15
the presence of a brighter light intensity at the center of the fluoroscopic image on an image intensifier than at the periphery of the field.
vignetting or pin cushion effect
16
Blotchy, grainy appearance
quantum mottle
17
Quantum mottle appearance
Blotchy, grainy appearance
18
Quantum mottle is caused by
too little exposure
19
Remedial for quantum mottle
increase mA
20
is the grainy appearance which is caused by insufficient radiation to produce a uniform image.
quantum mottle
21
Quantum mottle is the grainy appearance which is caused by WHAT? To produce a uniform image.
insufficient radiation
22
Quantum mottle is controlled by
mA and time
23
It is controlled by the mA and time
quantum mottle
24
assist in reducing quantum mottle.
increasing the efficiency of any of the factors
25
Viewing system
video viewing system video camera tubes video camera CCD video monitor digital
26
Video camera tubes
cathode anode
27
Video camera coupled to output screen and monitor
closed circuit television
28
Vidicon or Plumbicon tube
video camera
29
Video cameras
Vidicon or Plumbicon tube ccd
30
plumbicon or vidicon tube difference
target materials plumbicon has faster response time
31
The standard types video camera are called
vidicon plumbicon ccd
32
Video camera tubes are similar in operation
vidicon plumbicon
33
The video camera tubes have WHAT which maintains a vacuum and provides support for the internal components.
glass envelope
34
The video camera tubes have a glass envelope which what?
maintains a vacuum and provides support for the internal components.
35
Inside the TV camera tube are what?
cathode electron gun, electrostatic or focusing coils, and the target assembly that is also the anode.
36
is a video camera tube design in which the target material is a photoconductor.
vidicon tube
37
Vidicon tube is a video camera tube design in which the target material is a what?
photoconductor.
38
a storage-type camera tub
vidicon tube
39
The vidicon is a storage-type camera tube in which WHAT? is formed by the imaged scene radiation on a photoconductive surface which is then scanned by a beam of low-velocity electrons.
charge-density pattern
40
The vidicon is a storage-type camera tube in which a charge-density pattern is formed by the on WHAT? a photoconductive surface which is then scanned by a beam of low-velocity electrons.
imaged scene radiation
41
The vidicon is a storage-type camera tube in which a charge-density pattern is formed by the imaged scene radiation on a photoconductive surface which is then scanned by what?
beam of low-velocity electrons.
42
Used frequently in broadcast camera applications
plumbicon
43
these tubes have low output, but a high signal-to-noise ratio.
plumbicon tube
44
Video camera tubes components
cathode electromagnetic focusing coils electrostatic deflecting coils anode
45
Shapes electron beam
control grid
46
Cathode assembly
heating assembly control grid
47
Cathode heating assembly
electron gun thermionic emission
48
Electron gun and thermionic emission is found in
heating assembly
49
Some fluoroscopy systems use a this instead of a video tube
CCD
50
a semiconducting device capable of storing a charge from light photons striking a photosensitive surface.
ccd
51
stores these electrons which make up the latent image.
CCD
52
The ccd stores these electrons which make up what
latent image
53
A video signal is then emitted in a what? by discharging the stored electrons as pulses.
raster scanning pattern
54
A video signal is then emitted in a raster scanning pattern by
discharging the stored electrons as pulses.
55
The main advantage of the CCD is the extremely fast discharge time which is useful in WHAT where high-speed imaging is critical to visualizing blood flow.
cardiac catheterization
56
The main advantage of the CCD is the extremely fast discharge time which is useful in cardiac catheterization where high-speed imaging is critical to what?
visualizing blood flow.
57
The CCD operates
lower voltage
58
it is more sensitive than video tubes,
ccd
59
When ccd operated at low voltage it makes the ccd what?
prolonged its life
60
the type of monitor used to display the fluoroscopic image
cathode ray tube
61
CRT is like
a video tube
62
Crt Like a video tube, it consists of a
vacuum tube, an electron gun (cathode) with focusing and deflecting electromagnets for steering the electron beam.
63
Like a video tube, it consists of a vacuum tube, an electron gun (cathode) with focusing and deflecting electromagnets for what?
steering the electron beam
64
It is much larger than the video tube and has an anode assembly with a fluorescent phosphor coated on the inside of the front screen.
crt
65
It is much larger than the video tube and has an anode assembly with a what? on the inside of the front screen.
fluorescent phosphor coated
66
Anode assembly in crt
face plate single plate target
67
Positively charged thin film of graphite
signal plate
68
Signal plate is what
Positively charged thin film of graphite
69
Changes light pattern to electronic signal sent to video system
target
70
Target function
Changes light pattern to electronic signal sent to video system
71
Thin insulating mica minerals
target
72
Thin insulating mica minerals are what
group of sheet silicate or phyllosilicate
73
Matrix of globules of photoconductive material
target
74
Target assembly
thin insulating mica minerals matrix of globules of photo conductive minerals
75
Target of vidicon
antimony trisulfide
76
Target of plumbicon
lead oxide
77
Semiconducting device
video camera ccd
78
Video camera ccd emits electron in what?
in proportion to amount of light striking photoelectric cathode
79
Fast discharge eliminates lag
video camera ccd
80
Emits electrons in proportion to amount of light striking photoelectric cathode
video camera ccd
81
Operate at lower voltages than video tubes
video camera ccd
82
More durable than video tubes
video camera ccd
83
Image intensifier output screen coupled to TFTs
digital fluoroscopy
84
Image intensifier output screen coupled to what?
tft
85
In digital fluoroscopy it is coupled to TFTs
image intensifier output screen
86
These are connected to each pixel element
tft photodiode
87
limited in favor of radiation exposure concerns
resolution
88
Resolution limited in favor of radiation exposure concerns
digital fluoroscopy
89
Resolution limited in
favor of radiation exposure concerns
90
Recording the Fluoroscopic Image
Dynamic systems Cine film systems Videotape recording Static spot filming systems
91
Film used in recording the fluoroscopic image
105 chip film
92
Dynamic system
cine film videotape
93
Movie camera intercepts image
cine film system
94
Cine film formats
16 mm and 35 mm
95
Record series of static exposures at high speed
cine film system
96
Record series of static exposures at what
high speed
97
Record what? at high speed
series of static exposure
98
Cine film frame
30-60 frames per second
99
Offer increased resolution
cine film system