tells the events of the story that happen before the present story

tells of an inherent object inserted in the narrative

narration starts at the middle of the story

tells a catchy story opening to hook the attention of the readers

tells a story within a story

A plot device whereby seemingly unsolvable problem is suddenly and abruptly resolved by unexpected and unlikely occurrence

tells a surprise ending

tells and abrupt ending which places the main characters in a perilous situation with no resolution

tells an interjected scene of the story that takes it back in time from the current point in the story and often used to tell the events that happened before another important event

tells a scene that takes the narrative to a future time from the current point of the story

indicates or hints something is coming in the latter part of the story.

describes the world from the point of view of the author.

tells stories through verse.

It typically focuses on presenting the thoughts, feelings, and emotions of an individual.

They are fourteen lines long—3 “quatrains”, then a 'couplet' - two lines which bring the poem to a close.

Rhyme scheme of sonnet

divides the 14 lines into two sections

an eight-line stanza (octave) rhyming (Petrarchan or Italian)

six-line stanza (sestet) rhyming ( Petrarchan or Italian)

distraught with anxiety

painted

to give (someone or oneself) a different appearance in order to conceal one’s identity

feelings of understanding between people; responding in a similar or corresponding to an action elsewhere.

to persuade by flattery or gentle pleading

Extend beyond or above a surface

kulungan

wide opening