問題一覧
1
Your therapist asked you to recall your first day of highschool. Which type of memory are you recalling?
Episodic Memory
2
——— refers to repeating stimuli in their original form to retain them in short-term memory
Maintenace rehearsal
3
After you finish reading this sentence, the information will remain in your ——— as you consider each of the answers below
short-term memory
4
When someone attempts to recreate a retrieval environment that is as similar as possible to the initial learning environment, they are making use of which principle?
encoding specificity
5
You look up from your lunch, realizing that your friend had just said something to you. What was it? Oh, yes, they asked if you want to go to the movies. Your ability to retrieve what your friend said is due to ———
echoic memory
6
Several large-scale studies have examined traits and lifestyle factors associated with people who develop Alzheimer’s disease. These studies generally conclude that ————
physical and mental activity may help to protect against memory loss
7
———- refers to our tendency to remember stimuli that are distinctive or that stand out from other stimuli
the von restorff effect
8
A key theme that has emerged from the memory research literature is that ———
our memories are reconstructions of events rather than perfect records
9
When information that you learned in a high school class gets in the way of learning new information from your university class, then ——— has occurred
interference
10
Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally is a ——— for remembering the order of operations
mnemonic
11
In the 1950’s, George Miller estimated the number of items that could be stored in short-term memory to be the magic number ———-
SEVEN, plus or minus two
12
You have been studying for an exam about the Italian renaissance. When it’s time for dinner you realizes that you are craving Italian food. This is an example of ————
priming
13
Your friend was traumatized growing up and can’t forget their experience. They heard that there are pills that `erase traumatic memories’ and wants to take one. They ask you what you know about these pills. What advice can you give them?
the drugs may reduce the emotional experience of the trauma, but they will not erase the memory
14
You are taking an history exam. There is a question that asks you to state and discuss the five major parts of a theory. You remember four of them. You know there is a fifth, but time is up. As you are walking down the stairs you remember the fifth point, but it is too late. You had a problem with ———-
retrieval
15
Durning new student orientation, you wish to make a good impression by being able to recall the name of everyone in your group. Research on attention and encoding would suggest that you are most likely to forget the name of ————
the person immediately before you
16
What type of memory has been demonstrated in 32-week fetuses?
habituation
17
Although memory isn’t located in any single location in the brain, which structure is most critical as `memory bank’ for storage
prefrontal cortex
18
The ——— effect is the tendency to remember stimuli later in a list, and the —— effect is the tendency stimuli earlier in a list
recency;primacy
19
You are involved in a memory study and are given the following list of letters to remember: CARBEDDOGCATEEATPIE. Contray to the standard seven pieces of information expected, the researcher notices that you can remember the whole series of letters. Which of the following processes most likely explains your ability to remember all the letter?
chucking
20
What biological change in development offers an explanation for the existence of infantile amnesia?
the hippocampus is only partially developed in infancy
21
Someone ask you to name the only woman Prime Minister of Canada. You can’t remember. To aid your memory, the person then tells you that the Prime Minister’s name is the same as that of a popular brand of canned soups. Upon hearing the hint, you instantly realize that the answer is Kim Campbell In this situation, the hint is acted as ———-
a retrieval cue
22
Which of the following might be the most appropriate analogy for eidetic memory?
a photograph
23
You just started a new job, and got a new company email address. When people ask for your email address, you often respond with your old one by accident. Which one of the following sources of interference Is most likely in this example?
proactive interference
24
——— refers to selectively concentrating on a discrete stimulus while ignoring other perceivable stimuli
attention
25
Which study and method is more successful at holding information in long-term memory?
Linking information to real life examples
26
Explicit and implicit learning atr component of which type of memory?
long-term memory
27
You are taking an exam in your biology class. On the exam, there is a question that asked you to identify the part of of the brain that is primarily responsible for processing emotional stimuli. You can remember where this part is and think it starts with an A, but you can’t recall the name. After leaving the exam, you were walking down the stairs when you remember that answer was a Amygdala! You were suffering from ————
tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon
28
You are reviewing the vocabulary terms for your French class. You are most likely to experience the greatest degree of forgetting ————
immediately after learning the new words
29
A display of 12 letters is flashed briefly on the screen in front of you, followed by a tone. You attempt to recall a portion of the display based on the specific tone you heard. What aspect of your memory is this experiment designed to access?
sensory memory
30
Memory is defined as an active system that consists of three processes. They are ————
encoding, storage, and retrieval
31
——— Refers to the process of selecting among a set of possible alternatives
decision making
32
Fetuses can hear inside the womb by ——- gestation
FIFTH month
33
Your car gets stuck in the snow, and no matter what you try, your tires just keep spinning.you look at the items in your trunk (your school books, some windshield washer fluid, groceries, and some kitty litter) and are frustrated because you don’t seem to have anything to figure out of your situation. Not realizing that the kitty litter could be sprinkled under the tires to help with traction is an example of ———-
functional fixedness
34
Following elections, there are generally a lot of people who claim that it was obvious from the beginning that the wedding candidate would be successful. This illustrates the ———
hindsight bias
35
Although Andrew Wakefield was found guilty as falsifying data, some people still believe that vaccines are linked to autism. This is example of which cognitive bias.
belief perseverance
36
Your friend is learning French. They know a lot of French words, but struggle to have a conversation because the word order is different than English and they get confused. Which aspect of the language is difficult for your friend?
syntax
37
Which cognitive bias helps explain your assumption that ever likes tomatoes because you like tomatoes?
false consensus
38
Following a recipe to bake banana bread is an example of
an algorithm
39
Struggling with the stroop task illustrates
the automaticity of language
40
Which level of language an analysis would focus on body language or facial expression?
extralinguistic information
41
The view that language defines our thinking reflects what approach to language?
linguistic determinism
42
———- refers to superficial aspects of a problem that interfere with problem-solving
surface similarities
43
If people make a judgment based on how easy it is for an instance to come to mine, they may fall victim to the ————
availability heuristic
44
The brains tendency to streamline our thinking processes by use a pre-existing knowledge is referred to as
top-down processing
45
Why don’t chimpanzees speak?
they do not have the appropriate vocal structures in their throats
46
Consider the English word "rewording”. Which of these is phenome in that word?
‘r’
47
——— refers to the study of how language is acquired, preserved, understood, and produced
psycholinguistics
48
Consider the English word “rereading”. Which of these is a morpheme in that word?
“re”
49
Evidence from neuroeconomics studies suggests that we make better decisions when which brain areas are active?
areas associated with attention
50
Which of the following would you expect from a baby who is raised by deaf parents?
babbling with their hands
51
Which of the following represents a compound sentence
frank sang and everyone listened in awe
52
Imagine that you see an advertisement for a new phone cell that gives you coverage across 80% of Canada. However, if you reword the offer, you realize that you would have no cellular coverage in 20% of Canada. This example highlights how ——- influence(s) our decision making
framing
53
What is the purpose of cognitive economy?
to save time and energy
54
When speakers of English add “Ed” to a verb to indicate past tense, they are applying a morpheme as well as ———
a morphological marker
55
Your niece is nine months old, it makes a lot of sounds that aren’t words. The sounds tend to be repeated strings of pomes, like “ba ba ba ba” or “doo doo doo doo”. What is the term for this type of vocalization?
babbling
56
If you’re given 10 math problems, and you can do solve the first 9 questions in the same way, you may struggle with the 10th problem if it requires a different method to solve it. This best illustrates a concept of ———
mental sets
57
If you want a child to be fluent in a second language, research suggests that instruction should begin no later than what age?
SEVEN
58
One person we are susceptible to the representativeness heuristic is that we ———
fail to consider how probable an outcome is within the general population
59
Language acquisition theories that emphasize the importance of biology and genetic inheritance all claim that
humans have an inborn ability to learn and use language
60
The system of rules that governs how we assign meaning to the Morphemes we use is called
semantics
61
Your friend was feeling down. One day, they went to a specialist to have Botox injections to reduce a few wrinkles in their forehead, and notices that after a week their mood seem to have proved and does not feel as depressed
facial feedback loop
62
Which hormone is associated with the emotional attachment associated with romantic relationships
oxytocin
63
Well, at your friends party, you see a person across the room that you find attractive. You want to go over and talk to them, but you are hesitant because you don’t want to be rejected.
approach-avoidance
64
Which of the following theory states that emotions resolve from interpretations of our bodily reactions to stimuli
James-Lange theory
65
Which of the following is an example of reciprocity in a relationship
Sharing intimate information tends to encourage your partner to be intimate
66
Which is the following is not symptom of anorexia nervous
recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by purging of the foods just eating
67
———- increases hunger whereas ———- decreases hunger
Ghrelin; cholecystokinin
68
Which of the following is associated with anorexia nervosa but not bulimia nervosa
Significant loss of bodyweight
69
Which of the following emotions should be easiest to recognize across cultures
anger
70
Recent research evidence suggest that ———— may also be cross culturally universal emotion
pride
71
A ——- occurs when a guilty person is incorrectly labels as innocent on the polygraph test
false negative
72
What part of the brain is primarily involved in hunger, eating, and satiety
Hypothalamus
73
Which theory of emotion states that the experience of emotion occurs simultaneously with biological changes
cannon bard theory
74
Your sibling has felt isolated and an “outsider” since coming to college for their freshman year. As a result, they decide to join a student club that meets for weekly movie nights. According to Masso, your sibling may be attempting to meet the need of ———-
belonging
75
According to Maslow, ——— are the most fundamental and must get satisfied first
physiological needs
76
Drives serve to activate responses that are aimed at reducing the drive, thereby returning the body to a more balanced state called
homeostasis
77
An eatingdisorder, characterized by eating binges, followed by self induced vomiting is called
bulimia nervosa
78
What secondary emotion refers to the glee, we experience that witness the misfortunate of others
schadenfreude
79
What was Charles Darwin‘s believe about the origin of emotions?
They are a product of evolution
80
Which of the following primary emotions look most similar
Surprise and fear
81
Recent research has report that ——- is correlated with sexual desire and arousal, and it is also associated with sense of reward and pleasure
dopamine
82
Which of the following is predicted by drive reduction theory
getting a glass of water because you’re thirsty
83
Your friend has high test, anxiety, which tends to affect their test performance, even though they study a lot. according to the Yerkes-Dodson in law, which of the following activities will help your friend improve their performance
Use relaxation exercises before each test to reduce arrival
84
The study on the Capilano suspension bridge in Vancouver, were participants were more attracted to a confederate on the bridge then went on solid ground, was conducted to exam which theory of the emotion
two factor theory
85
Which part of the brain is activated during the experience of fear
amygdala