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  • 問題数 39 • 9/12/2024

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  • 1

    Mixture of different minerals

    Rocks

  • 2

    3 classification of rocks

    Igneous rocks, Sedimentary rocks, Metamorphic rocks

  • 3

    Rocks that are formed from the solidification of molten rock material (magma or lava)

    Igneous rocks

  • 4

    2 molten rock materials

    Lava, Magma

  • 5

    Inner molten rock material

    Magma

  • 6

    Outer molten rock material

    Lava

  • 7

    Example of igneous rocks

    Granite, Scoria, Pumice, Obsidian

  • 8

    2 types of igneous rocks

    Intrusive igneous rocks, Extrusive igneous rocks

  • 9

    Formed from solidified magma underneath the earth

    Intrusive igneous rocks

  • 10

    Intrusive igneous rocks are also called?

    Plutonic rocks

  • 11

    Formed from the gradual lowering of the temperature gradient at depth towards the surface would cause slow cooling/crystallization

    Intrusive igneous rocks

  • 12

    Formed after slow cooling which forms large interlocking crystals

    Phaneritic texture

  • 13

    Example of intrusive igneous rocks

    Diorite, Pegmatite, Granite, Gabbro

  • 14

    Formed from solidified lava at or near the surface of the earth

    Extrusive igneous rocks

  • 15

    Extrusive igneous rocks are also called?

    Volcanic

  • 16

    Formed from fast rate of cooling/crystallization due to huge variance in the temperature between earth's surface and underneath

    Extrusive igneous rocks

  • 17

    Examples of extrusive igneous rocks

    Basalt, Rhyolite, Andesite, Scoria

  • 18

    These are the rocks that formed through accumulation, compaction, and cementation of sediments

    Sedimentary rocks

  • 19

    Sedimentary rocks are formed through _______, ______, and _________ of sediments

    Accumulation, Compaction, Cementation

  • 20

    They generally form at surface or near surface conditions

    Sedimentary rocks

  • 21

    Examples of sedimentary rocks

    Siltstone, Gypsum, Limestone, Sandstone

  • 22

    3 sedimentary processes

    Weathering of rocks, Sediment transport and deposition, Compaction and cementation

  • 23

    Factors in sedimentary processes

    Weathering and transport agents

  • 24

    Sedimentation due to weather such as thunder and landslide

    Weathering

  • 25

    Sedimentation due to water with pressure

    Sediment transport and deposition

  • 26

    Sedimentation process where rocks fall to the sea and compress because of pressure

    Compaction and cementation

  • 27

    2 common sedimentary features

    Strata, Fossils

  • 28

    Stratification or layering and each layer represents a distinct period of deposition.

    Strata

  • 29

    >1cm of layering

    Bedding

  • 30

    Less than 1cm of layering

    Lamination

  • 31

    These are the remains and traces of plants and animals that are preserved in rocks

    Fossils

  • 32

    Rocks that form from the transformation of pre-existing rocks (igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks) through the process of metamorphism

    Metamorphic rocks

  • 33

    It can involve changes in physical and chemical properties of rocks in response to heat, pressure, and chemically active fluids

    Metamorphism

  • 34

    2 types of metamorphic rocks (metamorphism)

    Contact metamorphism, Regional metamorphism

  • 35

    A type of metamorphism where rock minerals and texture are changed, mainly by heat, due to contact with magma

    Contact metamorphism

  • 36

    Metamorphism that occurs in broad areas of the crust

    Regional metamorphism

  • 37

    This metamorphism occurs in areas that have undergone deformation during an orogenic event resulting in mountain belts that have since been eroded to expose the metamorphic rocks

    Regional metamorphism

  • 38

    __________ develop a platy or sheet-like structure that reflects the direction that pressure was applied in

    Foliated rocks

  • 39

    __________ do not have platy or sheet-like structure and no matter how much pressure you apply, the grains will not align

    Non-foliated