“Politics exists because people disagree about the aims and objects of human endeavor and, probably even more so, about the methods to be used in achieving them ” (S. G. Richards, 1978). In his book, The Nature of Politics and Government.

A disagreement in which incompatible policies are advocated can only be resolved ultimately by one side obtaining the power to make its viewpoint prevail over the other.

The acquisition of power, therefore, is a prerequisite of achieving political objectives.” Thus, is the nature of politics.

Politics is the way in which we understand and order our social affairs, and acquire greater control over the situation.

Politics is the strategy for maintaining cooperation among people with different needs and ideals in life, or for resolving the conflict within the group, whether this is a family, a tribe, a village, or a nation-state

Political Scientist (1936) author of a major study of the distributive consequences of political activity, gave his book the title, Politics--Who Gets What, When, and How. Lasswell, in effect, defined "politics" as involving questions as to "who gets what, when, and how."

_______ ______ is a classical discipline that deals with the study of political phenomena. Its goal is to deepen human understanding of the forms and nature of political action and to develop theoretical tools for interpreting politically meaningful phenomena.

deals with the systematic study of political structures, political processes, and political behavior.

the study of political science is a combination of views on and orientations to politics in philosophical, ethical, and institutionalterms.

The to political science mainly emphasizes on scientific, objective, and value-free study of political phenomenon.

This approach firmly believes that values cannot be separated from the study of politics and political system. Therefore, its main concern is to judge what is good or bad in any political society

It emphasizes the study of the history of every political reality to analyze any situation.

This approach is concerned with the study of formal structures and institutions like legislature, executive, judiciary, political parties, etc.

This approach is concerned with the legal process, legal bodies or institutions, justice and independence of judiciary.

believes that there are certain uniformities in political behavior which can be expressed in generalizations or theories in order to explain and predict political phenomena.

emphasizes testing and verifying everything. According to behaviorists, what cannot be verified is not scientific.

put emphasis on the use of those research tools and methods which generate valid, reliable, and comparative data.

After collecting data, the researcher should measure and quantify those data.

believe that to do objective research one has to be value-free

research in Political Science must be systematic. Theory and research should go together.

believes that the study of Political Science should be verified by evidence.

Political Science should not be separated from various other social sciences like history, sociology and economics, etc

It is very important to care about politics because you should know what is going on around you.

Another reason you should care about politics is because you should have a say in what will happen.

You should care about politics because the decisions people make will affect many lives.

The worst illiterate is the political illiterate, he doesn't hear, doesn't speak, nor participates in political events. He doesn't know the cost of living, the price of the bean, of the fish, of the flour, the rent, the shoes, and of the medicine, all depend on political decisions. The political illiterate is so stupid that he is proud and swells his chest saying that he hates politics. The imbecile doesn't know that, from his political ignorance is born the prostitute, the abandoned child, and the worst thieves of all, the bad politician, corrupted and flunky of the national and multinational companies,

The word "governance" came from the Latin verb "________," or more originally from the Greek word "_________," which means "__ _____"

It is the complex process whereby some sectors of the society wield power and enact and promulgate public policies which directly affect human and institutional interactions and economic and social development.

Good governance essentially requires the participation of different sectors of society. Participation means the active involvement of all affected and interested parties in the decision - making process.

It is through the law that people express their will and exercise their sovereignty. That the government is of the law and not of men is an underlying democratic principle that puts no one, however rich and powerful, above the law.

Effectiveness (meeting the needs) and efficiency (proper utilization of resources) must necessarily go together to ensure the best possible results for the community.

People must be open to information regarding the decision - making process and its implementation. It also means that transactions involving public interests must be fully disclosed and made accessible to the public.

The interests of all citizens must be well protected in a prompt and appropriate manner so that each of them can appreciate and take part in the process of governance.

members of society, especially the most vulnerable ones or those at the grassroots level, must be taken into consideration in policy - making. Everyone has a stake in society, and no one should feel alienated from it.

Governance is ________-_______ when decisions are made after taking into consideration the different viewpoints of the actors in society. To reach a consensus, a strong, impartial, and flexible mediation structure must be established.

It means answerability or responsibility for one's actions. The actors have an obligation to explain and be accountable for the consequences of the decisions and actions they have taken on behalf of the community they serve.