問題一覧
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This simply means the "spread of Fire" as a substance burns fire propagation will be increased by the transmission of heat neraby.
PROPAGATION OF FIRE
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What are the different types of heat transmission?
CRIMFCF 1.CONDUCTION 2.RADIATION 3. CONVECTION 4. FLAME CONTACT 5. INTENSITY OF FIRE 6. MAGNITUDE OF FIRE 7. FIRE SUPPRESSION, CONTROL AND EXTINGUISHMENT AND EXTINGUISHING AGENT
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It is the transmission of heat through an object through conductor.
CONDUCTION
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The transmission through discharge and spread of heat from a heated or burning source.
RADIATION
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The transmission of heat by the moving currents of liquid or gas.
CONVECTION
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This condition causes additional vapors to be released thereby spreading the fire.
PROPAGATION OF FIRE
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When gasses or liquids are heated they start to move within themselves and by there free motion circulation starts
CONVECTION
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When a material is heated to the point where flammable vapors are released the vapors maybe ignited.
FLAME CONTACT
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Simply means how hot the fire is burning
INTENSITY OF FIRE
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Simply means the size of fire and it is governed by the surface area of fuel exposed to the air.
MAGNITUDE OF FIRE
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Means slowing down the rate of burning
FIRE SUPPRESSION
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Keeping the fire from spreading or holding the fire to one area
CONTROL
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What are the four methods of fire extinguishment
1. COOLING 2. SMOTHERING 3. SEPARATION 4. CHEMICAL CHAIN REACTION
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Types of flame contact
DIRECT CONTACT BURNING VAPORS
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The process of using an extinguishing agent whose primarily characteristics is heat absorption.
COOLING
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Excludes the oxygen from the fuek so that the gasses or vapors of the fuel cannot ignite and continue the combustion
SMOTHERING
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The removal of fuel, prevents the fuel and oxygen from coming together
SEPARATION
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This known as INHIBITION or the interruption of the chemical reaction.
CHEMICAL CHAIN REACTION
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What are the basic parts of fire extinguisher
SHELL DISCHARGE VALVE PICK-UP TUBE HOSE NOZZLE PRESSURE GAUGE
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What are information indicated in the fire extinguisher
1. DATE OF ORIGINAL FILLING 2.CHEMICAL CONTENTS 3. TYPE OF EXTINGUISHER 4.OPERATING INSTRUCTION AND SAFETY 5.NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE MANUFACTURER 6. NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE DEALER
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What are the strategy in fire fighting
1. LOCATE THE FIRE 2. CONFINE THE FIRE 3. EXTINGUISHMENT
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In extinguishing the fire the decision rest upon the what?
JUDGMENT, SKILL, TRAINING AND EXPERIENCE OF THE OFFICER
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What are the factors to be considered in extinguishment
1. TIME OF DAY 2. WEATHER 3. FIRE
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What are some weather factors
THW TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY WIND
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Factors of fire to be considered
1. EXTENT OF FIRE 2. LOCATION IN THE BUILDING 3. THE TYPE OF CONTENTS INVOLVED 4. LIFE HAZARDS 5. FIRE CONDITIONS 6. TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
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Determined the number of people that occupy the building including the materials that are found in it.
OCCUPANCY
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A method used for clearing the building of smoke and gasses, localized the fire and reduce smoke and forcible entry damage
VENTILATION
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What are types of ventilation
VETICAL VENTILATION CROSS OR HORIZONTAL VENTILATION MECHANICAL OR FORCED VENTILATION
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This worked from the top and down. smoke rise to the highest point and formed like a "mushroom"
VERTICAL VENTILATION
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If the smoke and gasses have not reached the higher levels this type of ventilation method can clear the building
CROSS OR HORIZONTAL VENTILATION
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Ventilation method whereby a device such as smoke ejector in utilized to remove faster excessive heat and derse smoke in a confined buildiny
MECHANICAL OR FORCED VENTILATION
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Factors to consider for ventilation
1.LOACTION OF INTENSITY 2. HIGHEST POINT OF THE ROPE 3.DIRECTION OF WIND 4.EXISTING EXPOSURE 5. EXTENT OF FIRE OBSTRUCTION
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Types of Exposure
FIRE EXPOSURE LIFE EXPOSURE
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It is an action taken by the firefighters to cover or secure other buildings, people from exposing themselves from fire
EXPOSURES
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Any action taken by the firefighter to remove occupants from a burning hazards to a safety place
RESCUE
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It is a complete or detailed check of the structure and materials involved in the fire to make sure that every spark and ember have assurance against re-ignition
OVERHAUL
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An action taken by the firefighter in preventing excessive damage by fire smoke and water
SALVAGE
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This is an essential element use by firefighter and so important during emergency situation.
LADDER OPERATION
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Types of ladder
GROUND LADDER AERIAL LADDER
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LADDER TERMINOLOGY
1. BED LADDER 2. FLY LADDER 3. BUTT 4. HEEL 5. HALYARD 6.PAWL DOG 7. RUNG 8. TOP OR TIP 9.HOOKS 10. STOPS 11.GUIDEA
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Varies in 3.7 to 7 meters long and carried by pumper truck
GROUND LADDER
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This ladder can extend to 30.5 meters and may have 3 or 4 metal sections.
AERIAL LADDER
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What are forms of ground ladder
WAHE WALL ATTIC HOOK EXTENSION
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What are forms of Aerial Ladder
HYDROLIC AREA LADDER- driven by fluids ELEVATING FLATFORM-an articulated boom
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A ladder carry that remove the ladder from the apparatus and pass either arm through the ladder at the middle of its length. Carry it with hooks forward and lowered.
ONE-MAN CARRY
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A carry which normally extension ladders from 24-36 feet in length. Place one man near each end. Each man then passes one arm through the ladder
TWO -MAN CARRY
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A carry which removing the ladder from the apparatus and place it on the ground with the fly up. Reach down and grasp a rung with the hand nearest it.
FOUR-MAN CARRY
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Involved in this discussion are the salvage and overhaul operations, structural stability, the preservation of evidence and building clean up.
POST EXTINGUISHMENT PROCEDURE
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that which made the fire start
CAUSE
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As much as fire investigation is concerned, they must be defined as both are required to correctly classify the fire and provide guidance.
CAUSE REASON
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that which led to the cause of fire(motive leading to action)
REASON
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This explains the existence of fire or the "WHAT" of investigation
CAUSE
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Four General Classes of Fire Causes
NATURAL FIRE ACCIDENTAL FIRE ARSON UNKNOWN FIRE
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fire caused naturally without human intervention or aid, such as lightning, spontaneous ignition, mechanical malfunction of equipment.
NATURAL FIRE
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fire causes where human action is involved directly or indirectly.
ACCIDENTAL FIRE
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fire cause as a result of the willful and criminal action of some persons, i.e., incendiary fire.
ARSON
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fires which are not classified
UNKNOWN FIRE
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Three general classes of fire
Three General Classifications of Fire 1. Innocent fire-eg. natural and accidental causes 2. Incendiary firee.g. arson cases 3. Unknown firee.g. fire of unknown causes.
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This report regardless of sizes, it should be initiated and completed without delay
FIRE REPORT
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What are the contents of fire report
1. time of incident; 2. location of incident; 3. size and nature of fire; 4. fire involvement; 5. fire department plant response; 6. injuries and fatalities; 7. time fire extinguished; 8. most probable cause; 9. follow-up and corrective action required
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What are types of furnishing
Upholstered furniture; Television sets and table radios; Drapes and curtains; Kitchen range
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What are the basic steps in fire scene examination
SOTWCTD 1. SEARCH SYSTEMATICALLY 2. OBSERVE 3. TAKE PHOTOGRAPH 4. WORK BY PROCESS OF ELIMINATION 5.CHECK AND VERIFY 6.TAKE NOTE 7. DRAW DIAGRAMS
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It is determine where the fire vested first by comparing burn char, smoke, and heat patterns around windows, doors, and roof.
EXTERIORS
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Areas to conduct fire investigation
EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR
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Conduct a cursory examination or general survey of the entire structure. Establish the class of fire duration (brief or long) and the approximate burn time.
INTERIOR
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Persons responsible to examine and inspect fire scene
FAF FUPS Fire Marshall Fire Chief Assistant Chief for Technical Service Fire Inspector responsible for the specific building Senior Fire Officer at the fire scene Photographer Utilities Personnel (particularly electrician)
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provides equipment for use in the investigation and for the preservation of any evidence found at the scene.
FIRE INVESTIGATION & EVIDENCE KIT
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What would u do if your clothes catches fire?
STOP, DROP AND ROLL
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Types of Fire Hoses
1. SINGLE JACKET F.H. 2. DOUBLE JACKET F.H 3. HI-P RUBBERIZED F.H. SIZES: Diameter: 1.0", 16", 2.0, 21% Length: 50.0 feet, 100.0 feet
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Protective Equipment, tools and apptatus:
FIRE COATS FIRE BOOTS GLOVES FIRE HELMETS Tools: SCBA, THERMAL IMAGER
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Types of Nozzle
STRAIGHT TIP ADJUSTIBLE TYPE TURRET
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Types of stream
SOLID STREAM BROKEN STREAM SPRAY/FOG STREAM
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Ideal for outside firefighting.
SOLID STREAM
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Ideal for penetration of energized building
BROKEN STREAM
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Ideal for firefighting inside the building.
SPRAY/FOG STREAM
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carries hose water, & tools. This can increase the pressure of the water up to 1250 gallons or approximate 5000 liters per minute.
PUMPER TRUCK
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this truck carries tools such as spreaders and cutters to extricate people trapped in car wrecks and other places.
ROAD RESCUE TRACK
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not only carries carries restored tools, this also carries generators to run lights and electric tools during operation.
HEAVY DUTY RESCUE TRUCKS
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this truck does the work of both pumper and a ladder truck. This truck has a pump, water ground Ladders.
QUINT TRUCK
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this truck have metal ladders that can reached up to 100 feet. It has two steering wheels and two drivers
TILLER TRUCK
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FIRE TEAM
TEAM LEADER VALVE MAN LINE MAN ANCHOR MAN NOOZLE MAN
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The chemical process whereby fire consumes the most solid part of the fuel. It is the thermal decomposition of a solid fuel through the action of heat.
PYROLOSIS