問題一覧
1
occurs in the first year of life. The child will develop trust if he or she is properly cared for. If the child is not well-cared for, mistrust is likely to develop.
trust vs mistrust
2
organized in ways that are rational, practical, and appropriate to the environment.
conscious self
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I ACT THEREFORE I AM
gilbert ryle
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tales place during adolescence. Adolescents Pace the task of finding out who they are, what they are, and what they want in life. They are confronted with many roles and responsibilities.
identity formation vs identity confusion
5
physical appetite also known as
appetitive soul
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means independence of thought and confidence to think and act for oneself. Children begin to assert their independence during this stage. If parents allow their children to explore, they will become more confident and secure in their own abilities.
autonomy
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refers to social roles that individuals present to others.
persona
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“THE SOUL IS WHAT ANIMATES THE BODY”
thomas aquinas
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temporary; only replica of the ideal world
sense
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real and permanent
form
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also knows as spirited soul
spirit or passion
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unchanging, eternal, perfect, and immortal
ideal realm
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- the physical world in which man lives, as well as the body, belongs here.
physical realm
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“ THE SELF IS CONSCIOUSNESS”
john locke
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who were the 2 medieval philosophers
st. augustine and thomas aquinas
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includes our basic biological needs such as hunger, thirst, and sexual desire.
physical appetite
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reality
sense
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refers to repressed thoughts that are socially unacceptable, and is often considered as the dark side of the psyche.
shadow
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includes basic emotions such as love, anger, ambition, aggressiveness, and empathy.
spirit or passion
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THE SELF IS AN IMMORTAL SOUL
plato
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method of carefully examining one’ thoughts and emotions – to gain self-knowledge.
introspection
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the soul belongs here
ideal realm
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forms
non-physical ideas
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includes sensual desires, feelings, and emotions.
sentient soul
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is what makes man human and includes the intellect that allows man to know and understand things.
rational soul
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“I THINK THEREFORE I AM”
rene descartes
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conscious self is governed by ____
reality principle
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includes the intellectual essences of the universe, concepts such as truth, goodness, and beauty.
ideal realm
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appetitive soul
physical appetite
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“THE SOUL IS THE ESSENCE OF THE SELF”
aristotle
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what are the four major archetypes
persona shadow animus self
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includes the physical body that can grow.
vegetative soul
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PAUL CHURCHLAND
the self is the brain
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occurs during the first three years of life.
autonomy vs shame and doubt
35
unconscious part of the self
pleasure principle
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is the divine essence that enables us to think deeply, make wise choices, and achieve a true understanding of eternal truths.
reason
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“THE SELF AS THE CENTRAL ARCHETYPE”
carl jung
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contains material that is not threatening and is easily brought to mind.
preconscious self
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“ WE CONSTRUCT THE SELF”
immanuel kant
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“ THERE IS NO SELF”
david hume
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reason also known as
rational soul
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contains the basic instinctual drives including sexuality, aggressiveness, and self-destruction; traumatic memories; unfulfilled wishes and childhood fantasies; and thoughts and feelings that would be considered socially taboo.
unconscious part of the self
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I THINK THEREFORE I AM
rene descartes
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“ THE SELF IS THE WAY PEOPLE BEHAVE”
gilbert ryle
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“ THE SELF IS EMBODIED SUBJECTIVITY”
maurice merleau-ponty
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is the feminine side of the male psyche.
anima
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unconscious part of the self is governed by ____
pleasure principle
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sense
reality
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who were the ancient greek philosophers
socrates plato aristotle
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- changeable, transient, and imperfect
physical realm
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“I THINK THEREFORE I AM”
rene descartes
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are the basic sensations of people’s experience such as hate, love, joy ,grief, pain, cold, and heat.
impressions
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are thoughts and images from impressions so they are less lively and vivid.
ideas
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is the masculine side of the female psyche;
animus
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conscious self
reality principle
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spirited soul
spirit or passion
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that everything that people are aware of is contained within the consciousness
phenomenology of perception
58
THE SELF IS THE BRAIN
paul churchland
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occurs during middle adulthood. Generativity involves a person's desire to contribute to the world by teaching, leading, and guiding the next generation and doing activities that will benefit the community.
generativity vs stagnation
60
is the central archetype that unites all parts of the psyche.
self
61
“ THE SELF IS MULTILAYERED”
sigmund freud
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occurs during old age and is focused on self- reflection in one's life. At this stage, individuals reflect on the important events of their lives
integrity vs despair
63
occurs during early adulthood when people explore personal relationships. Erikson believes it is vital that people develop intimate relationships with others.
intimacy vs isolation
64
rational soul
reason
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occurs around 3 to 5 years of age, during this period, developing a sense of responsibility among children leads to the development of initiative. A child who is made to feel irresponsible might develop feelings of guilt
initiative vs guilt
66
“THE SELF HAS AN IMMORTAL SOUL”
st. augustine
67
occurs around elementary school years. Children face the task of developing knowledge and skill usually taught in schools. When children are encouraged in their efforts, they will develop a sense e of industry.
industry vs inferiority
68
non-physical ideas
forms
69
“AN UNEXAMINED LIFE IS NOT WORTH LIVING”
socrates