LAMARCKISM AND DARWINISM
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問題一覧
1
The more an animal uses a body part, the more developed it becomes (and vice-versa)
Use and Disuse
2
Characteristics an organism develops or
acquires in its lifetime can be passed on to its
offspring
Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
3
Species with short reproductive rates; like bacteria, evolve
quickly. Bacteria reproduce about every...?
20 minutes
4
The slow, gradual change in a species over time.
Evolution
5
Any trace or remains of an organism
that has been preserved by natural processes.
Fossil Evidence
6
YEAR OF LAMARCK'S THEORY
1809
7
Means thousands to millions of years
Slow
8
How to know evolutionary relationships?
Structural and Molecular/Biochemical
9
This is a structural evidence in which organisms has similr internal structure, but different form and function.
Homologous Structure
10
Structural evidence in which organisms has similar external form and function but different internal attucture
Analogous Structure
11
A structural evidence in which these are remnant of structures thta were functional but are now reduced in size and serve little or no purpose.
Vestigial Structure
12
A structural evidence in wjich organisms are compared in terms of their embryos at various stages.
Embryological Evidence
13
MOLECULAR EVIDENCE
This is the technique to separate DNA fragments according to size
Gel Electrophoresis
14
THE FATHER OF EVOLUTION
Charles Darwin
15
Charles Darwin's birthday
Feb 2, 1809
16
CHARLES DARWIN
Species produce more offspring than can survive.
Overpopulation
17
CHARLES DARWIN
Liviing soace and food are limited so organisms compete to gain these resources.
Competition
18
CHARLES DARWIN
Those individuals with favorable variations will have greater chance of living long enough to reproduce.
Variations and Adaptations
19
CHARLES DARWIN
Organisms with variation that make them better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce. -- pass to their offspring
Natural Selection
20
Charles Darwin
The accumulated changes becomes big that the result is a new species.
Speciation
21
PART OF NATURAL SELECTION
— an extreme phenotype becomes
favorable ex… long neck giraffes
Directional
22
NATURAL SELECTION
- the average phenotype becomes
favorable and the extremes are unfavorable
Stabilizing
23
NATURAL SELECTION
- two opposite phenotypes become favorable and the
average is unfavorable
Disruptive
24
VI. The Rate of Evolution
(based
on Darwin
’
s ideas)…
species arise through gradual accumulation of small variations…evolution is slow and continuous over millions of years.
Gradualism
25
VI. The Rate of Evolution
species remain the same (in equilibrium) for extended periods of time- evolution occurs quickly for short periods of time.
Punctuated Equilibrium
26
VII. SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION
• : Randomchanges in the genetic makeup of an
organism. (Actually a rare event, but causes new traits to
arise).
Mutation
27
VII. SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION
• : Gametes uniting during
fertilization. (Included within this is concept are meiosis and crossing over).
Genetic Recombination
28
VII. SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION
• : New traits being brought into a population or
taking traits out of a population. Has the greatest effect on small populations.
Migration
29
VII. SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION
• : Affects small populations; changes in the
gene pool due to storms, a catastrophe, etc. Harmful because it tends to decrease the gene pool. Not significant in large populations.
Genetic Drift
30
Focuses on the population rather than the individual.
Modern theory of Evolution
31
The study of changes in the genetic makeup of populations.
Population Genetics
32
How often a particular allele (trait) is found within a population.
Frequencies
33
The total of all the alleles present in a population.
Gene Pool
34
The modern theory of evolution is Mathematically explained by ?
Hardy- Weinberg
35
Involves parts of the body ( wings for flying, fins for swimming).
Structural Adaptations
36
Involves metabolism of the organism (poison venom).
Physiological Adaptations
37
TWO MORE CONCEPTS
Natural selection that
causes non- related
species to resemble
one another.
Convergent Evolution
38
Two or
more species evolve
in response to each
other through
competitive or
cooperative
adaptations. Example
are flowers and their
pollinators.
Coevolution
39
When did Charles Darwin published his “ On the Origin of Species”?
1859
40
When did Charles Darwin died?
1882
41
When did Charles Darwin took HMS Beagle?
1831-1836
42
When did Charles Darwin arrived on Galapagos Island?
1835
問題一覧
1
The more an animal uses a body part, the more developed it becomes (and vice-versa)
Use and Disuse
2
Characteristics an organism develops or
acquires in its lifetime can be passed on to its
offspring
Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics
3
Species with short reproductive rates; like bacteria, evolve
quickly. Bacteria reproduce about every...?
20 minutes
4
The slow, gradual change in a species over time.
Evolution
5
Any trace or remains of an organism
that has been preserved by natural processes.
Fossil Evidence
6
YEAR OF LAMARCK'S THEORY
1809
7
Means thousands to millions of years
Slow
8
How to know evolutionary relationships?
Structural and Molecular/Biochemical
9
This is a structural evidence in which organisms has similr internal structure, but different form and function.
Homologous Structure
10
Structural evidence in which organisms has similar external form and function but different internal attucture
Analogous Structure
11
A structural evidence in which these are remnant of structures thta were functional but are now reduced in size and serve little or no purpose.
Vestigial Structure
12
A structural evidence in wjich organisms are compared in terms of their embryos at various stages.
Embryological Evidence
13
MOLECULAR EVIDENCE
This is the technique to separate DNA fragments according to size
Gel Electrophoresis
14
THE FATHER OF EVOLUTION
Charles Darwin
15
Charles Darwin's birthday
Feb 2, 1809
16
CHARLES DARWIN
Species produce more offspring than can survive.
Overpopulation
17
CHARLES DARWIN
Liviing soace and food are limited so organisms compete to gain these resources.
Competition
18
CHARLES DARWIN
Those individuals with favorable variations will have greater chance of living long enough to reproduce.
Variations and Adaptations
19
CHARLES DARWIN
Organisms with variation that make them better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce. -- pass to their offspring
Natural Selection
20
Charles Darwin
The accumulated changes becomes big that the result is a new species.
Speciation
21
PART OF NATURAL SELECTION
— an extreme phenotype becomes
favorable ex… long neck giraffes
Directional
22
NATURAL SELECTION
- the average phenotype becomes
favorable and the extremes are unfavorable
Stabilizing
23
NATURAL SELECTION
- two opposite phenotypes become favorable and the
average is unfavorable
Disruptive
24
VI. The Rate of Evolution
(based
on Darwin
’
s ideas)…
species arise through gradual accumulation of small variations…evolution is slow and continuous over millions of years.
Gradualism
25
VI. The Rate of Evolution
species remain the same (in equilibrium) for extended periods of time- evolution occurs quickly for short periods of time.
Punctuated Equilibrium
26
VII. SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION
• : Randomchanges in the genetic makeup of an
organism. (Actually a rare event, but causes new traits to
arise).
Mutation
27
VII. SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION
• : Gametes uniting during
fertilization. (Included within this is concept are meiosis and crossing over).
Genetic Recombination
28
VII. SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION
• : New traits being brought into a population or
taking traits out of a population. Has the greatest effect on small populations.
Migration
29
VII. SOURCES OF GENETIC VARIATION
• : Affects small populations; changes in the
gene pool due to storms, a catastrophe, etc. Harmful because it tends to decrease the gene pool. Not significant in large populations.
Genetic Drift
30
Focuses on the population rather than the individual.
Modern theory of Evolution
31
The study of changes in the genetic makeup of populations.
Population Genetics
32
How often a particular allele (trait) is found within a population.
Frequencies
33
The total of all the alleles present in a population.
Gene Pool
34
The modern theory of evolution is Mathematically explained by ?
Hardy- Weinberg
35
Involves parts of the body ( wings for flying, fins for swimming).
Structural Adaptations
36
Involves metabolism of the organism (poison venom).
Physiological Adaptations
37
TWO MORE CONCEPTS
Natural selection that
causes non- related
species to resemble
one another.
Convergent Evolution
38
Two or
more species evolve
in response to each
other through
competitive or
cooperative
adaptations. Example
are flowers and their
pollinators.
Coevolution
39
When did Charles Darwin published his “ On the Origin of Species”?
1859
40
When did Charles Darwin died?
1882
41
When did Charles Darwin took HMS Beagle?
1831-1836
42
When did Charles Darwin arrived on Galapagos Island?
1835