economics finals
問題一覧
1
What is a policy that is implemented when an economy is in an Inflationary Gap?
Contractionary Fiscal Policy
2
In every exchange rotation, how many currencies are always involved?
two currencies
3
What are the two types of money?
Commodity Money and Fiat Money
4
Identify the inaccurate depiction of Full Employment.
The prices are unstable
5
Identify the incorrect representation of the Recession.
Price Level Rises
6
What is the most accurate way to depict Inflation?
It is also called an Inflationary Gap
7
The output produced per unit of input employed over a period of time.
Productivity
8
A curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that firms choose to produce and sell at each price level.
Aggregate Supply Curve
9
An unexpected event that changes the supply of a product or commodity, resulting in a sudden change in price.
Supply Shock
10
It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings. It also shows the various amounts of households plan to hold back from consumption at various possible levels of income.
Saving Schedule
11
It is the fraction or percentage of any given total income that is consumed.
Average Propensity to Consume (APC)
12
The sum of APC and APS of any given disposable income must always be _____.
1
13
All of the following descriptions pertain to the Forex Market or Foreign Exchange Market, except one:
This is a system for determining exchange rates for a specific country.
14
What is an exchange rate regime that refers to currencies being allowed to move freely up and down according to changes in demand and supply?
Floating Exchange Rates
15
What is the price of a unit of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency?
Exchange Rates
16
What classification of money refers to how quickly an asset or form of money can be converted into cash without a significant loss of value?
Liquidity
17
A narrower classification of money includes most liquid forms of money that are readily accessible for spending.
M1 Money
18
A broader classification of money also includes M1 money as well as slightly less liquid assets.
M2 Money
19
It refers to the financial contracts that derive their value from an underlying asset, such as a stock, bond, commodity, currency, or interest rate.
Derivatives
20
It is a fall in the external value of currency within a floating exchange rate system.
Depreciation
21
This policy is implemented when an economy is in a Recessionary Gap.
Expansionary Fiscal Policy
22
It refers to a purchasing firm (at least 10%) in another country or starting up a new enterprise in a foreign country.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
23
What are the loans that you make to a company or government?
Bonds
24
What type of savings is saving through financial institutions such as banks, credit unions, and investment funds?
Formal Saving
25
What is defined as the price of a unit of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency?
Exchange Rates
26
What type of exchange rate refers to the exchange rate that is the relative price of the currencies of the two countries?
Nominal Exchange Rate
27
What type of exchange rate refers to the exchange rate that is the relative price of the goods of two countries and is sometimes called the terms of trade.
Real Exchange Rate
28
What type of exchange rate compares two currencies of foreign entities?
Bilateral Exchange Rate
29
What involves a purely financial investment that does not entail any management responsibility?
Portfolio Investment
30
What scenario for exchange rates would be more suitable for A Philippine Tourist Abroad?
A stronger Philippine Peso
31
What do you call it when net lenders in the world's financial markets are exporting more goods than we are importing?
Trade Surplus
32
What pattern of change in a country's trade balance in response to a sudden depreciation of the currencies?
J-Curve
33
This refers to the act of using goods and services to satisfy current needs and wants.
Consumption
34
It is the deliberate effort to reduce budget deficits and control government spending.
Fiscal Consolidation
35
Taxation can exist independently without a specific grant by the power of the Constitution.
Inherent Power
36
The following are the primary sources of revenue, except?
Revenues
37
A monetary policy that intends to decrease the level of liquidity or money supply aimed at decreasing aggregate output could also result in a relatively lower inflation path for the economy.
Contractionary Monetary Policy
38
It refers to the interest rate on loans that BSP charges on commercial banks; when banks increase their borrowing, the money supply increases.
Discount Rate
39
All of these are types of savings EXCEPT:
Direct Savings
40
It refers to the funds borrowed by the government from financial institutions, individuals, and businesses within its own country.
Domestic Debt
41
The following are the adverse effects of depreciation on trade balances EXCEPT:
Increased exports
42
This characteristic of consumption aims to fulfill current needs and desires.
Current Satisfaction
43
This is called an economy that interacts freely with other countries.
Open Economy
44
This is another word for trade wherein buying and selling is one way to do this.
Barter
45
An economic theory that was also a big part of the rise of international trade.
Mercantilism
46
Here lies the deciding the prices of the products or commodities.
Prices of products
47
What are the adjustments inside of the LAGS?
All of the above
48
It is an explanation for the J-like temporal pattern of change in a country's trade balance in response to a sudden depreciation (or devaluation) of the currency.
J-Curve or J-Curve Effect
49
Which economist wrote the book titled "The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money"?
John Maynard Keynes
50
It is a macroeconomic policy that involves the regulation of the money supply, credit, and interest rates in order to control the level of spending in the economy.
Monetary Policy
51
This refers to the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders.
Government Debt
52
It represents ownership in a company
Stocks
53
These are short-term debt securities with a maturity date of less than one year.
Money Market Instrument
54
The currency (notes and coins) in circulation outside of banks and bank deposits make up the money supply, which is the means of payment in the economy.
Money supply
55
The central bank ensures that the monetary policy decision is transmitted to the financial market and the economy; the BSP uses its suite of monetary instruments to influence the underlying demand and supply conditions for central bank money.
Monetary Operations
56
Which of the following is a technique a central bank can use to shift the money supply function and affect equilibrium conditions in the money market?
Open Market Operations
57
Central banks are often independent entities, but they can face political interference, which can create uncertainties about the central bank's ability to pursue its mandate without external constraints.
Political Pressure
58
Monetary policy actions often have a lag before their full impact is felt in the economy.
Lag Effect
59
A monetary policy strategy is a central bank setting a specific target for Inflation and using its monetary tools to achieve that target.
Inflation Targeting
60
It refers to the process of developing plans and strategies for specific sectors or areas of an economy, often focusing on key industries or functional areas.
Sectoral Planning
61
What does owning a stock represent?
Partial ownership of the company
62
It is the amount of money borrowed from banks or other financial organizations by one or more people or businesses to handle unplanned or scheduled expenses.
Loans
63
Where does your tax money go?
All of the above
64
What are goods that provide extended use over time, such as automobiles, furniture, and appliances?
Durable goods
65
Saving through pre-committed arrangements such as pension plans or regular contributions to savings accounts
Contracted saving
66
Difference in value between a country's imports and exports of goods and services over some time.
Trade of Balance
67
How much of our government budget has been raised in the year 2022-2023?
4.9%
68
How much is the Proposed National Budget for FY 2024?
₱ 5.768 trillion
69
What is the formula for Saving Schedule?
S = Y - C
70
It is an expectation in Monetary Policy that helps businesses and people plan their spending without worrying about sudden changes in the cost of goods and services.
It keeps prices stable
71
It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings.
Saving Schedule
72
These are types of Income Taxes, except?
For capital gains taxes
73
The goods market is in equilibrium when domestic output is equal to ____ for domestic goods.
Demand
74
It is also known as the natural level of output or potential output.
Equilibrium
75
What is the difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services over a specific period?
Trade Balance
76
Which type of money derives its value solely from government decree and legal tender status?
Fiat Money
77
Which category of financial assets is most volatile and can offer high potential returns but also significant risks?
Derivatives
78
Which monetary policy tool is most prone to being ineffective due to market uncertainties?
Forward Guidance (communicating future policy intentions)
79
What is the definition of trade balance?
Difference in value between a country’s imports and exports
80
What is savings?
A person's leftover money
81
What is consumption?
Act of using goods and services for satisfaction
82
It refers to the government's decisions about taxation and spending
Fiscal Policy
83
It is a type of economy where not only the domestic factors but also entities in other countries engage in the trade of products (goods and services).
Open Economy
84
It is the portion of income not spent on current expenditures. In other words, it is the money set aside for future use and not spent immediately.
Savings
85
It is the percentage of deposits that banks are required to hold in reserve by the central bank or regulatory authority.
Reserve requirement
86
The following are objects of Taxation EXCEPT:
Business
87
Often referred to as public debt, it is the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders. It is a result of accumulated budget deficits over time.
Government Debt
88
Often referred to as public debt, it is the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders. It is a result of accumulated budget deficits over time.
Goal-Oriented Saving
89
It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings.
Saving Schedule
90
What characteristics of savings do the government often implement policies to encourage saving, such as tax incentives, retirement savings plans, and financial education programs?
Policy Consideration
91
In economic policies, there are the following: monetary policy for monetary management and circulation, fiscal policy for government taxation and goods, and trade policy for imports and exports of the country. In the statements above, which is the incorrect sub-topic?
Fiscal Policy is for Government Taxation and Goods.
92
It is used as a crude measure of a country's international "competitiveness.”
Trade-weighted currency index
93
______ is the difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services over a specific period.
Trade Balance
94
What is one of the main goals of monetary policy?
To promote stable economic growth and price levels.
95
What are the two primary tools used by central banks to conduct monetary policy?
Interest rates and open market operation
96
What is the risk of central banks keeping interest rates too low for too long?
It can fuel asset price bubbles and create financial instability.
97
How can international organizations like the IMF play a role in promoting stability in a multilateral exchange rate system?
All of the above
98
What is the primary purpose of fiscal policy?
To influence the overall health and direction of the economy
99
Which of the following are tools of fiscal policy?
Both A and B
100
What is one of the issues with our taxes?
Widespread tax evasion
問題一覧
1
What is a policy that is implemented when an economy is in an Inflationary Gap?
Contractionary Fiscal Policy
2
In every exchange rotation, how many currencies are always involved?
two currencies
3
What are the two types of money?
Commodity Money and Fiat Money
4
Identify the inaccurate depiction of Full Employment.
The prices are unstable
5
Identify the incorrect representation of the Recession.
Price Level Rises
6
What is the most accurate way to depict Inflation?
It is also called an Inflationary Gap
7
The output produced per unit of input employed over a period of time.
Productivity
8
A curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that firms choose to produce and sell at each price level.
Aggregate Supply Curve
9
An unexpected event that changes the supply of a product or commodity, resulting in a sudden change in price.
Supply Shock
10
It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings. It also shows the various amounts of households plan to hold back from consumption at various possible levels of income.
Saving Schedule
11
It is the fraction or percentage of any given total income that is consumed.
Average Propensity to Consume (APC)
12
The sum of APC and APS of any given disposable income must always be _____.
1
13
All of the following descriptions pertain to the Forex Market or Foreign Exchange Market, except one:
This is a system for determining exchange rates for a specific country.
14
What is an exchange rate regime that refers to currencies being allowed to move freely up and down according to changes in demand and supply?
Floating Exchange Rates
15
What is the price of a unit of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency?
Exchange Rates
16
What classification of money refers to how quickly an asset or form of money can be converted into cash without a significant loss of value?
Liquidity
17
A narrower classification of money includes most liquid forms of money that are readily accessible for spending.
M1 Money
18
A broader classification of money also includes M1 money as well as slightly less liquid assets.
M2 Money
19
It refers to the financial contracts that derive their value from an underlying asset, such as a stock, bond, commodity, currency, or interest rate.
Derivatives
20
It is a fall in the external value of currency within a floating exchange rate system.
Depreciation
21
This policy is implemented when an economy is in a Recessionary Gap.
Expansionary Fiscal Policy
22
It refers to a purchasing firm (at least 10%) in another country or starting up a new enterprise in a foreign country.
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
23
What are the loans that you make to a company or government?
Bonds
24
What type of savings is saving through financial institutions such as banks, credit unions, and investment funds?
Formal Saving
25
What is defined as the price of a unit of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency?
Exchange Rates
26
What type of exchange rate refers to the exchange rate that is the relative price of the currencies of the two countries?
Nominal Exchange Rate
27
What type of exchange rate refers to the exchange rate that is the relative price of the goods of two countries and is sometimes called the terms of trade.
Real Exchange Rate
28
What type of exchange rate compares two currencies of foreign entities?
Bilateral Exchange Rate
29
What involves a purely financial investment that does not entail any management responsibility?
Portfolio Investment
30
What scenario for exchange rates would be more suitable for A Philippine Tourist Abroad?
A stronger Philippine Peso
31
What do you call it when net lenders in the world's financial markets are exporting more goods than we are importing?
Trade Surplus
32
What pattern of change in a country's trade balance in response to a sudden depreciation of the currencies?
J-Curve
33
This refers to the act of using goods and services to satisfy current needs and wants.
Consumption
34
It is the deliberate effort to reduce budget deficits and control government spending.
Fiscal Consolidation
35
Taxation can exist independently without a specific grant by the power of the Constitution.
Inherent Power
36
The following are the primary sources of revenue, except?
Revenues
37
A monetary policy that intends to decrease the level of liquidity or money supply aimed at decreasing aggregate output could also result in a relatively lower inflation path for the economy.
Contractionary Monetary Policy
38
It refers to the interest rate on loans that BSP charges on commercial banks; when banks increase their borrowing, the money supply increases.
Discount Rate
39
All of these are types of savings EXCEPT:
Direct Savings
40
It refers to the funds borrowed by the government from financial institutions, individuals, and businesses within its own country.
Domestic Debt
41
The following are the adverse effects of depreciation on trade balances EXCEPT:
Increased exports
42
This characteristic of consumption aims to fulfill current needs and desires.
Current Satisfaction
43
This is called an economy that interacts freely with other countries.
Open Economy
44
This is another word for trade wherein buying and selling is one way to do this.
Barter
45
An economic theory that was also a big part of the rise of international trade.
Mercantilism
46
Here lies the deciding the prices of the products or commodities.
Prices of products
47
What are the adjustments inside of the LAGS?
All of the above
48
It is an explanation for the J-like temporal pattern of change in a country's trade balance in response to a sudden depreciation (or devaluation) of the currency.
J-Curve or J-Curve Effect
49
Which economist wrote the book titled "The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money"?
John Maynard Keynes
50
It is a macroeconomic policy that involves the regulation of the money supply, credit, and interest rates in order to control the level of spending in the economy.
Monetary Policy
51
This refers to the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders.
Government Debt
52
It represents ownership in a company
Stocks
53
These are short-term debt securities with a maturity date of less than one year.
Money Market Instrument
54
The currency (notes and coins) in circulation outside of banks and bank deposits make up the money supply, which is the means of payment in the economy.
Money supply
55
The central bank ensures that the monetary policy decision is transmitted to the financial market and the economy; the BSP uses its suite of monetary instruments to influence the underlying demand and supply conditions for central bank money.
Monetary Operations
56
Which of the following is a technique a central bank can use to shift the money supply function and affect equilibrium conditions in the money market?
Open Market Operations
57
Central banks are often independent entities, but they can face political interference, which can create uncertainties about the central bank's ability to pursue its mandate without external constraints.
Political Pressure
58
Monetary policy actions often have a lag before their full impact is felt in the economy.
Lag Effect
59
A monetary policy strategy is a central bank setting a specific target for Inflation and using its monetary tools to achieve that target.
Inflation Targeting
60
It refers to the process of developing plans and strategies for specific sectors or areas of an economy, often focusing on key industries or functional areas.
Sectoral Planning
61
What does owning a stock represent?
Partial ownership of the company
62
It is the amount of money borrowed from banks or other financial organizations by one or more people or businesses to handle unplanned or scheduled expenses.
Loans
63
Where does your tax money go?
All of the above
64
What are goods that provide extended use over time, such as automobiles, furniture, and appliances?
Durable goods
65
Saving through pre-committed arrangements such as pension plans or regular contributions to savings accounts
Contracted saving
66
Difference in value between a country's imports and exports of goods and services over some time.
Trade of Balance
67
How much of our government budget has been raised in the year 2022-2023?
4.9%
68
How much is the Proposed National Budget for FY 2024?
₱ 5.768 trillion
69
What is the formula for Saving Schedule?
S = Y - C
70
It is an expectation in Monetary Policy that helps businesses and people plan their spending without worrying about sudden changes in the cost of goods and services.
It keeps prices stable
71
It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings.
Saving Schedule
72
These are types of Income Taxes, except?
For capital gains taxes
73
The goods market is in equilibrium when domestic output is equal to ____ for domestic goods.
Demand
74
It is also known as the natural level of output or potential output.
Equilibrium
75
What is the difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services over a specific period?
Trade Balance
76
Which type of money derives its value solely from government decree and legal tender status?
Fiat Money
77
Which category of financial assets is most volatile and can offer high potential returns but also significant risks?
Derivatives
78
Which monetary policy tool is most prone to being ineffective due to market uncertainties?
Forward Guidance (communicating future policy intentions)
79
What is the definition of trade balance?
Difference in value between a country’s imports and exports
80
What is savings?
A person's leftover money
81
What is consumption?
Act of using goods and services for satisfaction
82
It refers to the government's decisions about taxation and spending
Fiscal Policy
83
It is a type of economy where not only the domestic factors but also entities in other countries engage in the trade of products (goods and services).
Open Economy
84
It is the portion of income not spent on current expenditures. In other words, it is the money set aside for future use and not spent immediately.
Savings
85
It is the percentage of deposits that banks are required to hold in reserve by the central bank or regulatory authority.
Reserve requirement
86
The following are objects of Taxation EXCEPT:
Business
87
Often referred to as public debt, it is the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders. It is a result of accumulated budget deficits over time.
Government Debt
88
Often referred to as public debt, it is the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders. It is a result of accumulated budget deficits over time.
Goal-Oriented Saving
89
It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings.
Saving Schedule
90
What characteristics of savings do the government often implement policies to encourage saving, such as tax incentives, retirement savings plans, and financial education programs?
Policy Consideration
91
In economic policies, there are the following: monetary policy for monetary management and circulation, fiscal policy for government taxation and goods, and trade policy for imports and exports of the country. In the statements above, which is the incorrect sub-topic?
Fiscal Policy is for Government Taxation and Goods.
92
It is used as a crude measure of a country's international "competitiveness.”
Trade-weighted currency index
93
______ is the difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services over a specific period.
Trade Balance
94
What is one of the main goals of monetary policy?
To promote stable economic growth and price levels.
95
What are the two primary tools used by central banks to conduct monetary policy?
Interest rates and open market operation
96
What is the risk of central banks keeping interest rates too low for too long?
It can fuel asset price bubbles and create financial instability.
97
How can international organizations like the IMF play a role in promoting stability in a multilateral exchange rate system?
All of the above
98
What is the primary purpose of fiscal policy?
To influence the overall health and direction of the economy
99
Which of the following are tools of fiscal policy?
Both A and B
100
What is one of the issues with our taxes?
Widespread tax evasion