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economics finals
  • micaella

  • 問題数 100 • 1/14/2024

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    問題一覧

  • 1

    Which monetary policy tool is most prone to being ineffective due to market uncertainties?

    Forward Guidance (communicating future policy intentions)

  • 2

    It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings. It also shows the various amounts of households plan to hold back from consumption at various possible levels of income.

    Saving Schedule

  • 3

    What classification of money refers to how quickly an asset or form of money can be converted into cash without a significant loss of value?

    Liquidity

  • 4

    It is an expectation in Monetary Policy that helps businesses and people plan their spending without worrying about sudden changes in the cost of goods and services.

    It keeps prices stable

  • 5

    Taxation can exist independently without a specific grant by the power of the Constitution.

    Inherent Power

  • 6

    It represents ownership in a company

    Stocks

  • 7

    What characteristics of savings do the government often implement policies to encourage saving, such as tax incentives, retirement savings plans, and financial education programs?

    Policy Consideration

  • 8

    Central banks are often independent entities, but they can face political interference, which can create uncertainties about the central bank's ability to pursue its mandate without external constraints.

    Political Pressure

  • 9

    It refers to the interest rate on loans that BSP charges on commercial banks; when banks increase their borrowing, the money supply increases.

    Discount Rate

  • 10

    It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings.

    Saving Schedule

  • 11

    This policy is implemented when an economy is in a Recessionary Gap.

    Expansionary Fiscal Policy

  • 12

    Which economist wrote the book titled "The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money"?

    John Maynard Keynes

  • 13

    Difference in value between a country's imports and exports of goods and services over some time.

    Trade of Balance

  • 14

    What are the two types of money?

    Commodity Money and Fiat Money

  • 15

    It refers to the process of developing plans and strategies for specific sectors or areas of an economy, often focusing on key industries or functional areas.

    Sectoral Planning

  • 16

    It is a macroeconomic policy that involves the regulation of the money supply, credit, and interest rates in order to control the level of spending in the economy.

    Monetary Policy

  • 17

    All of the following descriptions pertain to the Forex Market or Foreign Exchange Market, except one:

    This is a system for determining exchange rates for a specific country.

  • 18

    These are types of Income Taxes, except?

    For capital gains taxes

  • 19

    It is the deliberate effort to reduce budget deficits and control government spending.

    Fiscal Consolidation

  • 20

    A monetary policy strategy is a central bank setting a specific target for Inflation and using its monetary tools to achieve that target.

    Inflation Targeting

  • 21

    Where does your tax money go?

    All of the above

  • 22

    Identify the inaccurate depiction of Full Employment.

    The prices are unstable

  • 23

    Saving through pre-committed arrangements such as pension plans or regular contributions to savings accounts

    Contracted saving

  • 24

    What type of exchange rate refers to the exchange rate that is the relative price of the currencies of the two countries?

    Nominal Exchange Rate

  • 25

    Often referred to as public debt, it is the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders. It is a result of accumulated budget deficits over time.

    Goal-Oriented Saving

  • 26

    What are the loans that you make to a company or government?

    Bonds

  • 27

    What involves a purely financial investment that does not entail any management responsibility?

    Portfolio Investment

  • 28

    What is the primary purpose of fiscal policy?

    To influence the overall health and direction of the economy

  • 29

    Monetary policy actions often have a lag before their full impact is felt in the economy.

    Lag Effect

  • 30

    It is the percentage of deposits that banks are required to hold in reserve by the central bank or regulatory authority.

    Reserve requirement

  • 31

    What are goods that provide extended use over time, such as automobiles, furniture, and appliances?

    Durable goods

  • 32

    Which of the following is a technique a central bank can use to shift the money supply function and affect equilibrium conditions in the money market?

    Open Market Operations

  • 33

    Often referred to as public debt, it is the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders. It is a result of accumulated budget deficits over time.

    Government Debt

  • 34

    It is the fraction or percentage of any given total income that is consumed.

    Average Propensity to Consume (APC)

  • 35

    What is the price of a unit of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency?

    Exchange Rates

  • 36

    It refers to a purchasing firm (at least 10%) in another country or starting up a new enterprise in a foreign country.

    Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)

  • 37

    It refers to the funds borrowed by the government from financial institutions, individuals, and businesses within its own country.

    Domestic Debt

  • 38

    What scenario for exchange rates would be more suitable for A Philippine Tourist Abroad?

    A stronger Philippine Peso

  • 39

    ______ is the difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services over a specific period.

    Trade Balance

  • 40

    How much is the Proposed National Budget for FY 2024?

    ₱ 5.768 trillion

  • 41

    A curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that firms choose to produce and sell at each price level.

    Aggregate Supply Curve

  • 42

    It is used as ​​a crude measure of a country's international "competitiveness.”

    Trade-weighted currency index

  • 43

    An economic theory that was also a big part of the rise of international trade.

    Mercantilism

  • 44

    This refers to the total amount of money that a government owes to external creditors and domestic lenders.

    Government Debt

  • 45

    These are short-term debt securities with a maturity date of less than one year.

    Money Market Instrument

  • 46

    The sum of APC and APS of any given disposable income must always be _____.

    1

  • 47

    What is an exchange rate regime that refers to currencies being allowed to move freely up and down according to changes in demand and supply?

    Floating Exchange Rates

  • 48

    What is the formula for Saving Schedule?

    S = Y - C

  • 49

    This characteristic of consumption aims to fulfill current needs and desires.

    Current Satisfaction

  • 50

    The goods market is in equilibrium when domestic output is equal to ____ for domestic goods.

    Demand

  • 51

    What do you call it when net lenders in the world's financial markets are exporting more goods than we are importing?

    Trade Surplus

  • 52

    It refers to a graphical representation or table showing the relationship between disposable income and savings.

    Saving Schedule

  • 53

    A monetary policy that intends to decrease the level of liquidity or money supply aimed at decreasing aggregate output could also result in a relatively lower inflation path for the economy.

    Contractionary Monetary Policy

  • 54

    Which type of money derives its value solely from government decree and legal tender status?

    Fiat Money

  • 55

    In economic policies, there are the following: monetary policy for monetary management and circulation, fiscal policy for government taxation and goods, and trade policy for imports and exports of the country. In the statements above, which is the incorrect sub-topic?

    Fiscal Policy is for Government Taxation and Goods.

  • 56

    A narrower classification of money includes most liquid forms of money that are readily accessible for spending.

    M1 Money

  • 57

    All of these are types of savings EXCEPT:

    Direct Savings

  • 58

    What are the two primary tools used by central banks to conduct monetary policy?

    Interest rates and open market operation

  • 59

    It is the amount of money borrowed from banks or other financial organizations by one or more people or businesses to handle unplanned or scheduled expenses.

    Loans

  • 60

    A broader classification of money also includes M1 money as well as slightly less liquid assets.

    M2 Money

  • 61

    What is the most accurate way to depict Inflation?

    It is also called an Inflationary Gap

  • 62

    What is a policy that is implemented when an economy is in an Inflationary Gap?

    Contractionary Fiscal Policy

  • 63

    What is one of the issues with our taxes?

    Widespread tax evasion

  • 64

    An unexpected event that changes the supply of a product or commodity, resulting in a sudden change in price.

    Supply Shock

  • 65

    The following are the primary sources of revenue, except?

    Revenues

  • 66

    The following are the adverse effects of depreciation on trade balances EXCEPT:

    Increased exports

  • 67

    What pattern of change in a country's trade balance in response to a sudden depreciation of the currencies?

    J-Curve

  • 68

    In every exchange rotation, how many currencies are always involved?

    two currencies

  • 69

    It is the portion of income not spent on current expenditures. In other words, it is the money set aside for future use and not spent immediately.

    Savings

  • 70

    How much of our government budget has been raised in the year 2022-2023?

    4.9%

  • 71

    What is consumption?

    Act of using goods and services for satisfaction

  • 72

    This is called an economy that interacts freely with other countries.

    Open Economy

  • 73

    It is also known as the natural level of output or potential output.

    Equilibrium

  • 74

    The central bank ensures that the monetary policy decision is transmitted to the financial market and the economy; the BSP uses its suite of monetary instruments to influence the underlying demand and supply conditions for central bank money.

    Monetary Operations

  • 75

    It refers to the financial contracts that derive their value from an underlying asset, such as a stock, bond, commodity, currency, or interest rate.

    Derivatives

  • 76

    It is a type of economy where not only the domestic factors but also entities in other countries engage in the trade of products (goods and services).

    Open Economy

  • 77

    It refers to the government's decisions about taxation and spending

    Fiscal Policy

  • 78

    What is defined as the price of a unit of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency?

    Exchange Rates

  • 79

    Identify the incorrect representation of the Recession.

    Price Level Rises

  • 80

    This refers to the act of using goods and services to satisfy current needs and wants.

    Consumption

  • 81

    What type of exchange rate compares two currencies of foreign entities?

    Bilateral Exchange Rate

  • 82

    This is another word for trade wherein buying and selling is one way to do this.

    Barter

  • 83

    What does owning a stock represent?

    Partial ownership of the company

  • 84

    What is one of the main goals of monetary policy?

    To promote stable economic growth and price levels.

  • 85

    What type of exchange rate refers to the exchange rate that is the relative price of the goods of two countries and is sometimes called the terms of trade.

    Real Exchange Rate

  • 86

    What is the difference between a country's exports and imports of goods and services over a specific period?

    Trade Balance

  • 87

    It is an explanation for the J-like temporal pattern of change in a country's trade balance in response to a sudden depreciation (or devaluation) of the currency.

    J-Curve or J-Curve Effect

  • 88

    It is a fall in the external value of currency within a floating exchange rate system.

    Depreciation

  • 89

    What type of savings is saving through financial institutions such as banks, credit unions, and investment funds?

    Formal Saving

  • 90

    The following are objects of Taxation EXCEPT:

    Business

  • 91

    The currency (notes and coins) in circulation outside of banks and bank deposits make up the money supply, which is the means of payment in the economy.

    Money supply

  • 92

    What is the definition of trade balance?

    Difference in value between a country’s imports and exports

  • 93

    The output produced per unit of input employed over a period of time.

    Productivity

  • 94

    What is the risk of central banks keeping interest rates too low for too long?

    It can fuel asset price bubbles and create financial instability.

  • 95

    How can international organizations like the IMF play a role in promoting stability in a multilateral exchange rate system?

    All of the above

  • 96

    Here lies the deciding the prices of the products or commodities.

    Prices of products

  • 97

    Which of the following are tools of fiscal policy?

    Both A and B

  • 98

    What are the adjustments inside of the LAGS?

    All of the above

  • 99

    What is savings?

    A person's leftover money

  • 100

    Which category of financial assets is most volatile and can offer high potential returns but also significant risks?

    Derivatives