are longitudinal waves.

A distinct repetition of direct sound

pertains with the human ear.

Clearly noticeable

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Painful - 140 dB

Lamp lumen

the full circuit by the particle.

Used with large mirrors and countertop lavatories. Length is coordinated with size of mirror

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Painful - 130 dB

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Very Faint - 10 dB

It is a form of energy propagated in waves that continues to subsist until filtered through a material turning into heat by friction.

Is a procedure for determining the average maintained illuminance on the working plane in a room

Located over work areas to provide higher level of light directly below

Number of lamps

the brightness of an illuminated or luminous surface as perceived by the human eye.

This method presupposes that luminaires will be spaced so that uniformity of illumination is provided.

Directs all light to the ceiling

Essential Elements of Architectural Acoustics

Essential Elements of Architectural Acoustics: Room Acoustics

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Moderate - 40 dB

Desired illumination level

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Deafening - 100 dB

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Very faint - 0 dB

Sounds that are transmitted by air are called:

high frequency sounds of 1,000 to 8,000 Hz are referred to as

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Faint - 30 dB

the art and technique of designing spaces, structures and mechanical systems to meet hearing needs.

can be classified as ordered sound since it is integrated.

With decorative diffuser patterns, more decorative supports and color accents, they become acceptable for many other living spaces such as family rooms, dens, etc.

time measured in seconds that a sound average loudness can be heard before it becomes completely inaudible under quiet conditions.

any substance that allows the vibration to be transmitted in the form of a wave motion. It can be made to transmit more or less sound.

can only be produced electronically

gives a nearly uniform, glare less illumination in the room. This type is useful in spaces with video display terminals

ROOM ACOUSTICS

Totally luminous ceiling provide skylight effect very suitable for interior rooms or utility spaces such as kitchens, baths and laundries.

Lux formula

Sound travels about _____ miles per hour in all directions.

Add luxury touch with attractively decorated bottom diffuser

The maximum reverberation time for clear speech

The measure of success of doing this is called ______ and is measured in lumens per watt (lm/W)

Essential Elements of Architectural Acoustics: Sound Isolation

Area of room

The Properties of Sound

Is always used at windows, usually with draperies

This is the most often used description and measurement of sound relative to human sensitivity as to pressure.

Essential Elements of Architectural Acoustics: Sound Reinforcement System

Suitable for high ceilinged rooms and for places where ceiling heights abruptly change.

Sounds that are transmitted through solid bodies are called:

The higher the frequency,

Just perceptible

Very much louder (or quiter)

the quantity of light emitted by a light source, regardless of direction or distribution. It is synonymous to flow in plumbing.

a unit of sound absorption equivalent to one square foot having a coefficient of absorption of 1.00.

the number of complete cycles per second, measured in hertz (Hz).

Twice (or ½ ) as loud

The multiple reflection of sound waves has two effects on acoustics:

an oscillation in presence of the atmosphere which is capable of being detected by the human ear.

is classified as disordered sound

The nature of sound, in order to be heard, requires the following elements:

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Very loud - 80 dB

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Loud - 70 dB

are those of speech, music and noise.

Almost imperceptible

normally a vibrating body, which converts some other form of energy into vibration. The source can be made quitter.

Reflected waves will continue ricocheting between room surfaces losing only a fraction of power by absorption at each reflection.

When a sound wave strikes a surface such as a floor, wall, or ceiling

Defined as the flow of light

approximate frequency range of a healthy person

Should be used only with white or near white ceilings

Light intensity on a surface from the light source

the time required for one complete vibration, measured in seconds per cycle.

goal of architectural acoustics

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Deafening - 110 dB

the distance a sound wave travels during one cycle of vibration

The loudness of direct sound waves to a listener determined by:

This is often used by architects, specially if the type of lamp to be used remain undecided.

Low frequency sounds of about 16 to 500 Hz are called

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Painful - 120 dB

the sensation produced through the ear resulting from fluctuations in the pressure of the air.

is sound dominated by energy in a single frequency, and is described by a single smooth sine curve.

The visible radiant intensity in a particular direction

the maximum displacement of a particle.

The types of sound are:

can also be considered as ordered sound since it is also integrated.

is the speed of sound that varies greatly according to the medium the waves travel in and slightly according to the temperature of the medium.

often used as a generic term for devices used in converting some form of energy into sound such as loudspeakers and microphones.

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Moderate - 50 dB

The following simplification of acoustical principles will enable you to evaluate how much acoustical material is required.

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Faint - 20 dB

Excellent for niches over sofas, pianos, built-in desks

Humans are most sensitive to sounds having significant energy in the :

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Very loud - 90 dB

is often referred to by a term borrowed from musical concepts – Pitch.

It has soft and uniform light but lacks emphasis

Provides uplight that reflects off ceiling for general lighting and downlight for drapery accent

They can be pure tone or a complex sound.

is its number of vibrations in cycles per second, also known as Hertz (Hz).

Loudness Level of Common Recognized Sounds: Loud - 60 dB

also known as sound intensity, is its loudness or impact of its pulsating waves against eardrums, measured in decibels (dB).

Essential Elements of Architectural Acoustics: Mechanical System Noise Control