It is obtained by simply averaging arithmetically the amounts of rainfall at the individual rain-gauge station in the area. It is obtained by simply averaging arithmetically the amounts of rainfall at the individual rain-gauge station in the area.

It is also called hurricane or typhoon of comparatively small diameter of 300-1500 km causing high wind velocity and heavy precipitation.

Give the Analysis of Rainfall Data

A large diameter up to 3000 km causing widespread frontal type precipitation.

This is also called self-recording, automatic or integrating rain gauge. This type of rain gauge has an automatic mechanical arrangement consisting of a clockwork, a drum with a graph paper fixed around it and a pencil point, which draws the mass curve of rainfall.

It refers to how long a precipitation event lasts, typically measured in hours. Longer-duration precipitation events can lead to more widespread and sustained impacts, such as flooding or erosion.

It refers to the amount of precipitation that falls during a specific time period, typically measured in millimeters or inches per hour. Precipitation events are often associated with more extreme weather conditions, such as thunderstorms, hurricanes, or heavysnowfall.

4 types of Precipitation

In this type, as the rain is collected in a float chamber, the float moves up which makes a pen to move on anchart wrapped round a clock driven drum. When the float chamber fills up, the water siphons out automatically through a siphon tube kept in an interconnected siphon chamber.

It is the general term for all forms of moisture emanating from the clouds and falling to the ground.

It refers to how often precipitation events of a certain intensity occur over a specific time period, typically measured in terms of the number of events per year.

If two air masses are drawn simultaneously towards a low-pressure area, the front developed is stationary.

Point rainfall is the rainfall at a single station. For small areas less than 50 square kilometers, point rainfall may be taken as the average depth over the area.

The two Rain Gauges

This type of precipitation is in the form of local whirling thunderstorms and is typical of the tropics. When accompanied by destructive winds, they are called ‘tornados’

Types of Frontal Precipitation

When two air masses due to contrasting temperatures and densities clash with each other, condensation and precipitation occur at the surface of contact. This surface of contact is called a ‘front’ or ‘frontal surface’.

In this type of rain-gauge, when a certain weight of rainfall is collected in a tank, which rests on a spring-lever balance, it makes a pen to move on a chart wrapped round a clock-driven drum.

It refers to the pattern of where precipitation falls over a specific area. This can be influenced by a variety of factors, such as topography, distance from water sources, and prevailing wind patterns.

Two types of Cyclones

It refers to the pattern of when precipitation occurs over a specific time period, such as a day, a month, or a year. This can be influenced by seasonal and climatic factors, as well as weather patterns such as fronts and atmospheric disturbances.

This type of precipitation is caused by the uplift of moist air as it flows over a mountain or other elevated terrain. As the air rises, it cool and condenses, forming clouds and precipitation.

It is a rain gauge which does not provide the distribution of amount of precipitation in a day. It simply gives the amount of precipitation after 24 hours (daily precipitation).

In this method, the point rainfalls are plotted on a suitable base map and the lines of equal rainfall (isohyets) are drawn giving consideration to orographic effects and storm morphology.

If a warm air mass replaces the retreating cold air mass.

This method attempts to allow for non-uniform distribution of gauges by providing a weighting factor for each gauge.

If a cold air mass drives out a warm air mass.

Measurement Methods

Patterns of Precipitation

Cold fronts move faster than warm fronts and usually overtake them, the frontal surfaces of cold and warm air sliding against each other. This phenomenon is called occlusion, and the resulting frontal surface.

Forms of Precipitation and their meaning

This consists of a cylindrical receiver 30 cm diameter with a funnel inside. Just below the funnel a pair of tipping buckets is pivoted such that when one of the bucket receives a rainfall of 0.25 mm it tips and empties into a tank below, while the other bucket take its position, and the process is repeated.

Characteristics of Precipitation

Types of Recording Rain Gauges

The air close to the warm earth gets heated and rises due to its low density, cools adiabatically to form a cauliflower shaped cloud, which finally bursts into a thunderstorm.

This type of precipitation is due to lifting of moist air converging into a low-pressure belt, due to pressure differences created by the unequal heating of the earth’s surface.