- It is the process of comparing oneself with others in order to evaluate one’s own abilities and opinions.

- is a long-standing tradition that dates back to the days when beliefs in anito or deities were at their peak.

- That unseen part of who we are is the __self and it provides insight and intuition to our physical self. - It also provides other ways of knowing and being well and beyond what we experience with our five senses in the physical world. - what these things say about one’s sense of self. - innate instinct

- _& is a form of SELF- EXPRESSION. - The style and the brand of clothes becomes a symbolic significance. - We choose and wear the clothes that reflect ourselves. - The fabric and style of the clothes we wear bring sensations to the body and can affect our attitude and behavior. - It also determines the SOCIAL CLASS in the society. -The more branded items you own or clothes you wear, the more respect you can have. -The material component of the self can include books, bed, money, car, house and other things that person can call his OWN POSSESSION.

is a brain- neuroendocrine process occurring primarily in early adolescence that triggers the rapid physical changes that occur in the adolescent stage of human development.

people learn about their value and lovability when they experience how their mother or caregivers care for them and respond to their needs

When individuals are still young, the sense of self is continuously shaped through ongoing interaction with others and act as “____” which carry an internal dialogue that people are not aware that they are being influenced.

- is the individual’s cognitive representation of the self which consists of the substance and the content of self- conceptions.

The major conflict at this stage is toilet training—the child has to learn to control their bodily needs.

This means that people have a low self- insight on aspects about the self where they wish were not true and many people tend to overestimate their positive aspects.

• it is the persistent sense of self that addresses ultimate questions about the nature, purpose and meaning of life • It focuses on the individual’s construction of a relationship to the sacred and ultimate meaning • A higher level of spirituality leads to a higher level of self-efficacy.

- It is the earliest nest of our selfhood. - Our experiences inside the home were recorded and marked on particular parts and things in our home. -The home is an EXTENSION of the SELF, because it is where, we can directly connect our self.

can last from a few minutes to several hours,

- In ___, the parents should respect the privacy of their children and allow them enough space to grow but at the same time let them know that they are ready to listen and support.

- The word ___ means repentance the strong desired to be forgiven traditionally the word __ or __ have been viewed as apunishment. - ___ is a ritual performed by some of our locals who want to repent for their sins and wrong doings. - The word __ derives from old french and Latin ___ both of which derives from the same root meaning repentance the desire to be forgiven

- A __ is an event that brings people together to celebrate something. - In the Philippines, we have a variety of ___, each of which has its own local importance and is unique in its own way. At the end of the day, all holiday shave religious and spiritual importance. - When the Spaniards first arrived in the Philippines to establish colonial control, one of their first priorities was to convert as many Filipinos to Catholicism as possible. One approach they used was to build chapels and teach people to embrace Christianity.

- During the final stage of psychosexual development, the individual develops a strong sexual interest in the opposite sex.

- The spirit of communal solidarity, labor, and cooperation to attain a specific objective is referred to as __. - ___ is a Filipino word that comes from the word bayan, which means "town nation" or "community." __ literally means "to be a bayan," and it refers to a spirit of communal cooperation and unity.

is a term used in psychoanalytic theory to describe the energy created by survival and sexual instincts. According to ____, the ___ is part of the id and is the driving force of all behavior.”

- People have a need for positive social identity that is why they connect to wider social network, which helps to enhance their self-esteem.

The mouth is vital for eating, and the infant derives pleasure from oral stimulation through gratifying activities such as __

refers to people’s tendency to consider material possessions and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values.

- According to popular Filipino beliefs, __ or bloodletting is often done before a house is built to help drive away evil spirits that live in the land where they are building their home.

5 social factors

THE COMPOSITION OF THE MATERIAL SELF

- These people are likely to shape and influence the development of SELF-IDENTITY. - What they do affect us. -We invest in our __ when we see them as the nearest replica of ourselves. - When an ___ member dies, a part of ourselves dies with them. - We grieve for our loss. We feel the same guilt or shame. - We celebrate victories and success with them. - When they are in difficult situation, there is an urge to help them. - PETS could also be symbolically define our IDENTITY.

- The onset of puberty causes the libido to become active once again.

The concrete dimensions of the body, it is the tangible aspect of the person which can be directly observed and examined.

Explains that since one’s internal state is difficult to interpret, people can infer their inner states by observing their own behavior- as if they are an outside observer.

- A group of devotees walking on their knees from the main door facing Plaza Miranda to the altar is common on any given day. - ____ from the church door to the altar is practiced by certain devotees. - This is a popular practice in this church as a symbol of devotion to the black nazarenes. - Genuflection, usually on one knee, is still practiced in the anglican, lutheran, roman catholic, and western churches. - Orthodox traditions among other churches it is different from kneeling in prayer which is more widespread.

• Blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing are at their highest rates, with a rapid intake of oxygen.

- Other reaction will serve as mirror in which people see themselves particularly the way they are perceived by others.

- can be described from simple to perplex and involves a number of aspects of the self.

It is the shortest of the phases and generally lasts only a few seconds.

- The development of the ego and superego contributes to this period of calm.

This is developed prior to achieving self- awareness

15-17 yrs old

At this age, children also begin to discover the differences between males and females. Freud also believed that boys begin to view their fathers as a rival for the mother’s affection.

is the individual’s perception or description of his physical self, including his physical appearance.

extends to the brink of orgasm

believed that the primary focus of the libido was on controlling bladder and bowel movements.

Freud suggested that during the ___ stage, the primary focus of the libido is on the genitals.

is the same as adolescence because ___ ends prior to the end of adolescent period but he recognized ___ as the most essential marker of the beginning of adolescence.

- is a cognitive representation of self- knowledge which includes the sum total of all beliefs that people have about themselves.

- In the Philippines, ___ is one of the most significant aspects of the family code. They used to be unable to allow men and women to be together unless they were married. - A typical Filipino __ today includes the following rituals: candle lighting, coin blessing, nukshall string tying, and rice grain throwing. - When the Americans took over the Philippines from the Spaniards in1900, they had to consider the legality of marriage

- Inner most part of our material self - We are directly attached to this commodity that we cannot live without it - We strive to make sure that this body functions well and good - We do have certain preferential attachment to or intimate closeness to certain parts because of its value to us.

is the climax of the sexual response cycle.

11-14 yrs old

• The changes begun in phase 1 are intensified.

- As the age is advancing, interests and bodies are also changing.

- This is the concept that has developed over the years. Aspects of his life like nationality, gender, physical traits as well as choices he makes.

- This stage begins during puberty but last throughout the rest of a person's life.

• Muscle tension increases.

• It includes a sense of connection to something bigger than ourselves, and it typically involves a search for meaning in life. • People may describe a spiritual experience as sacred or transcendent or simply a deep sense of aliveness and interconnectedness.

- is basically a theory and a social and economic order that encourages the acquisition of goods and services in increasing amounts.

sufficiency is the ability of individuals and families to maintain sufficient income to consistently meet their basic needs – including food, housing, utilities, health care, transportation, taxes, dependent care, and clothing – with no or minimal financial assistance or subsidies from private or public.

- as we commonly know is necessary for human to procreate.

- The changes are also rapid that before the parents notice it, they are no longer babies but unpredictable teenagers.

is the process by which one observes and examines one’s internal state (mental and emotional) after behaving in a certain way.

- Developing this control leads to a sense of accomplishment and independence.

He stated that a person’s self grows out of society’s interpersonal interaction and the perception of others.

• The degree by which one is affiliated with an organized religion in terms of the person’s participation in the prescribed rituals and practices, connection with its beliefs, and involvement with its community of believers

• A fundamental set of beliefs and practices generally agreed upon by a group of people. • These set of beliefs concern the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, and involve devotional and ritual observances. • They also often contain a moral code governing the conduct of human affair

• Involuntary muscle contractions begin.

• Heart rate quickens and breathing is accelerated.

Children develop social skills, values, and relationships with peers and adults outside of the family.

The Oedipus complex describes these feelings of wanting to possess the mother and the desire to replace the father. However, the child also fears that he will be punished by the father for these feelings, a fear Freud termed castration anxiety.

- are areas of the body sensitive to sexual stimulation.

We can describe this simply as one’s preoccupation with material possessions. These material possessions can be anything – cars, gadgets, clothes, jewelry, handbags, shoes, etc. - We can even count one’s home as a material possession.

4 personal factors of physical self

The self-image is shaped and reflected from the social world.

- According to this theory, increasing the consumption of goods is economically desirable. - It describes the tendency of people living in a capitalist economy to engage in a lifestyle of excessive materialism, which revolves around wasteful or conspicuous overconsumption. - Therefore, there is a very close connection between materialism and consumerism.

- The stage begins around the time that children enter school and become more concerned with peer relationships, hobbies, and other interests.

- form an important part of the indigenous knowledge and practices among Philippine ethnolinguistic groups. - Reflecting animist and religious beliefs, they underscore the social values and worldview of the community. - In __ performances, the objects commonly found in the household are often used in the ceremonies and routines associated with worship.

• Skin may become flushed (blotches of redness appear on the chest and back).

According to William James, “it is the sum total of all he call his, not only his body psychic powers, but his clothes and his house, his wife and children, his ancestors and friends, his reputation and works, his land, his yacht and bank account, all these things give him the same emotions.”

- __ is typically a time of cheerful celebration for Filipinos, who cook plenty of hearty food, open their homes to visitors, and parade through the streets. - __ are significant because they bring together and nourish cultural history, family bonds, and camaraderie, as well as introduce us to new people. - We pray that in the future, the tradition of celebrating __ in honor of our patron saints will not be relegated to urban legend. - __ became celebrated events under Spanish rule, when the first colonizers noticed that early Filipinos enjoyed celebrations and used fiestas to entice the natives.

During this stage, the superego continues to develop while the id's energies are suppressed.

18-21 yrs old

He suggested that during the phallic stage, the primary focus of the libido is on the genitals.

the infant's primary source of interaction occurs through the mouth, so the rooting and sucking reflex is especially important.