問題一覧
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This method measures the flash point by confining the liquid sample in a sealed chamber, which limits vapor loss and simulates confined conditions. It is designed to enhance accuracy, particularly for volatile liquids.
close cup method
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is a chemical process or a reaction between Fuel (Hydrocarbon) and Oxygen. When fuel and oxygen react it releases the heat and light energy. Heat and light energy then result in the flame.
combustion
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with liquids having a flash point below 37.8 °C (100 °F)
flammable
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happens when an ignition source is applied and the heat produced is self-sustaining, as it supplies enough vapors to combine with air and burn even after the removal of the ignition source.
flash point
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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FUELS AND GREASE
base oil, thickener, additive
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Experimental Flash Point: Approximately 200°C (392°F).
lithium based grease
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SAFETY PROTOCOLS FOR FLASH AND FIRE POINTS
Proper Ventilation, Temperature Control, Use of Flame Arrestors, Regular Inspections, Personal Protective Equipment, Emergency Preparedness
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Experimental Flash Point: Around 220°C (428°F).
calcium based grease
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A liquid with a lower flash point is more likely to
ignite
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The lowest temperature at which the vapours of the volatile material ignites when we provide an ignition source.
flash point
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FACTORS AFFECTING FLASH & FIRE POINTS
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FUELS AND GREASE, ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, PRESENCE OF IMPURITIES AND ADDITIVES
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with liquids having above a flash point below 37.8 °C (100 °F)
combustible
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Has a flash point of 35° C or 95° F.
butanol
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Has a flash point of over 52° C and an autoignition temperature of 210° C. Diesel' s higher flash point means it vaporizes less and is less likely to ignite from an external flame source. However, diesel autoignites easily due to residual heat from the compression stroke.
diesel
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ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
pressure and humidity
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is usually at or above 100°F (38°C), meaning it is combustible but not flammable. A substance is considered flammable if its flash point is below 100°F.
flash point of grease
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Fire Prevention and Suppression Strategies
Fire Prevention Measures, Fire Suppression Equipment, Emergency Plans
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This method measures the temperature at which vapors from a liquid ignite when exposed to an external ignition source in an open environment.
open cup method
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APPLICATION IN THE INDUSTRY
Lubrication Systems, Fuel Handling and Storage Systems, Combustion Engines, Thermal Equipment, Material and Seal Compatibility, Fire Risk Assessment
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Regulatory Standards
American Society for Testing and Materials, International Organization for Standardization, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, National Fire Protection Association
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have a flash point at or above 100 °F.
combustible liquid
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The lowest temperature at which the vapour of the fuel can continue to burn for at least five seconds after the ignition has started.
fire point
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have flash points of less than 100 °F. Liquids with lower flash points ignite more easily.
flammable liquid
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is defined as the lowest temperature at which the liquid emits enough vapor to form an ignitable mixture with air when exposed to an ignition source.
flash point of a liquid fuel
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EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTATION fire point
Pensky Martens Apparatus, Cleveland Open Cup Apparatus, Small Scale Closed Cup Apparatus, Testing Procedures
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STORAGE AND HANDLING OF FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS AND GREASES
Proper Containers, Storage Locations, Labeling and Segregation, Handling Precautions
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Has a flash point of around -43° C and an autoignition temperature of 280° C. Because of its low flash point, gasoline vaporizes quickly and catches fire easily.
gasoline
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PRESENCE OF IMPURITIES AND ADDITIVES
impurities and additive