Tap; used to cut internal threads Die; create external threads

SE

NE

D= dimple C= countersink D3C = 4 sheets of metal total, dimple 3, countersink 1

fastener diameter. N = near F = far no letter = head can be either side

shows fastener length W = spot weld alternate (not used in aviation) 5W = length is dash 5 or can be spot welded

A rivet (1100 aluminum)

B Rivet ( 5056 aluminum)

AD rivet

“M” rivet ( double dimple monel steel)

“D” rivet (2017 aluminum)

“DD” rivet 2024

3/32

1/8”

5/32

3/16”

to find height; 3 divided by 32 = 0.09375 multiplied by (height .5) = 0.047 height take height 0.047 and multiple by 3 for the buck tail width. 0.047 x 3 = .141 Bucktail width

the distance between rivets (center - center)

universal = 2d-4d countersunk =2.5d-4d

MT + ((1.5D))

((BR + MT) x K)

bend tangent line “indicate start end of the bend”

bend allowance “how much material is taken up in the bend. measurement between the BTL’s

equals the bend radius “measured from BTL under the break”

dimensions lines on a drawing

where mold lines / dimension lines interact

1. thickness 2. temper 3. grain direction

the point in the sheet that is neither stretched or compressed, located 44.53% from inside the bend

the distance from the mold point to the bend tangent line

Taper Taps – tapered from the end, used to start a thread easily Plug Taps – Most common Bottoming Taps – used for cutting threads to the bottom of a blind hole

1/2 major diameter 13 threads per inch

unified national coarse

unified national fine

turn tap one full turn clock wise, then one HALF turn counter clockwise

provides a smooth free running thread

provides self locking torque