4A & 4C – Earth Science

51問 • 2年前

Niko

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True or Flase: Strong gravity would be a problem for flying creatures

True

What does too little gravity do?

Affects living organisms by producing weaker bones and muscles.

What does too much gravity do?

rapidly tires out muscles and it requires heavier bones to avoid breakage

Flight of birds and other animals might not even be possible in a stronger gravity.

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The size and rate of the moon's orbit depends on Earth's gravity.

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The outer layer (crust) I'd made of distinct pieces called

tectonic plates

The earth's origin is a nearly circular ellipse and lies in a plane.

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The sun is near the orbits center.

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The earth itself spins on its own axis

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What would happen if the Earth's spin axis were perpendicular to its orbital plane?

The sun's rays would always shine straight down near the equator and at a steep slant near the poles; resulting in it being much hotter near the equator and much colder near the poles year-round

The earth's axis is not perpendicular to its orbital plane.

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No one spot on earth is heated. Or chilled at the same rate through the year, except when?

Equinox

With a tilted axis, the earth's surface is heated more evenly by the sun

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If the earth turned to slowly or not at all what would happen?

Few organisms would be able to survive under the sun through the long or constant day temperatures; temperatures would soar and the ground would scorch; plants that get their energy through photosynthesis would not be able to live with long periods of darkness in the cold.

What would happen with too fast rotation of the earth?

Would limit hunting or food gathering and sleep periods would be too short; many familiar plants could not survive the rapid cycle of day and night; thr entire nature of the earth's wind and ocean circulation patterns would be very different and weather would probably be more violent

The high capacity of water helps to warm cool areas of the earth and cool warm areas.

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No other planet had liquid water on its surface.

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Three-fourths of the earth is liquid water.

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The vast quantities of water on earth's surface help limit the swings in temperatures around the world

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Of the 8 main planets and hundreds of moons, only 7 have significant atmospheres.

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Earth's atmosphere is transparent

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Humans and all large and complex forms of life ultimately depend on plant photosynthesis for food

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The atmosphere blocks dangerous wavelengths of light from the sun from reaching living things on the surface

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The plentiful nitrogen in the atmosphere is fixed in the soil by certain plants and bacteria

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Nitrogen compounds are essential as natural fertilizer for plant growth

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The atmosphere is a physical shield against bombs from space. What are bombs from space also known as?

Meteors

All other atmospheres contain poisonous gasses

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Nitrogen delutes the oxygen to just the right amount for living things to use

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All other atmospheres contain poisonous gases, except earth's

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Which two planets lack a magnetic field?

Venus and Mars (& the moon)

What is solar wind?

A continual stream of high energy of charged particles coming from the Sun

The earth orbits toward the inner edge of the sun's habitability zone

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Our solar system is located well away from the galaxy core and the dusty spiral arms

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What are the "gas giants?"

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, & Neptune

Minor planets are called

Asteroids

Most of asteroids wait or rocky objects orbit between

Mars & Jupiter

Jupiter's gravity helps keep asteroids away from Earth

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Our moon is 100 times larger than the average moon in the solar system

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The moon's gravity stabilizes the tilt of the earth's axis to keep the earth from wobbling like a top.

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The moon is the same size as the sun's

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When the aun, moon and earth are aligned properly, what happens?

solar eclipse

The moon is 400 times smaller than the sun, but 400 times closer to the earth

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What are the 3 main layers of the earth?

Crust, mantle, & core

The crust averages 6 times as thick under the continents as under the ocean basins

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Rock becomes more dense farther into the crust

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The boundary between the crust and the mantle is called Mohoroviĉić discontinuity, or Moho.

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The mantle takes up 84% of the Earth's volume.

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What is lithosphere?

The combination of the upper mantle and the crust

Seismic waves normally move faster at greater distances into the Earth. The only exception being below the lithosphere.

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The Earth's core contains about 15% of the Earth's volume.

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Geologists believe that the core is probably 85% iron, 4-5% nickel, and the rest, lighter elements such as oxygen and sulfur.

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Australia

Niko · 9問 · 2年前