問題一覧
1
what does a vibrio prokaryotic cell shape look like
genetically curved
2
what does enriched mean
fastidious bacteria; needs extra nutrients
3
what is a differential stain
difference between 2 cell types or 2 cell parts
4
T or F: the slime layer of glycocalyx is loosly organized and attached
True
5
what is culture medium
medium is a SINGLE nutrient prepared for microbial growth
6
what are the two basic cell types
eykaryotic and prokaryotic
7
what is the hook of flagella
curved sheath
8
what is the external structure glycocalyx
surface coating made of sugars and or proteins
9
T or F: endo means inside
True
10
what is the aseptic technique
sterile technique, meaning that sterile media and inoculating tools must be used
11
what can the bacterial arrangement bacilli be
strepto
12
what does inoculation mean
producing a culture
13
what is the internal content of cells
cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane
14
what do endoflagella do
produce cellular motility by contracting and impacting twisting or flexing motion
15
what is the flagella arrangement lephotrichous
small bunches emerging from the same cite
16
what’s an example of a functional type
enriched, selective, differential, anaerobic growth, specimen transport, assay, or enumeration
17
what does magnification on a microscope do
enlarges objects
18
what are eukaryotic cells
animals, plants, fungi, protists
19
where are endoflagella typically located
in space between outer sheath and cell wall
20
True or False: most dyes form ions when dissolved in a solvent
True
21
what is the flagella arrangement amphitrichous
flagella at both ends of cell
22
what does immersion oil do
keeps the light from bending
23
T or F: prokaryotic cells have a nucleus
False
24
what are endoflagella
internal flagella, twist
25
what does incubation mean
growing the inoculum under the right conditions
26
what does isolation mean
seperating one species from another
27
True or False: Aerogolerant Anaerobe need O2
False, they can live with or without O2
28
what is inoculation regarding inoculum
act of transferring the inoculum to the medium
29
what does strepto (bacilli) look like
chains
30
T or F: prokaryotic cells have a membrane bound organelle
False
31
what is a special stain
used to show certain parts not stained by regular staining methods
32
what can the bacterial arrangement cocci be
singles or staphylo
33
what is the basal body of flagella
stack of rings firmly anchored in cell wall
34
what’s functional type
purpose of a medium
35
what does ROYGBIV stand for
red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet
36
what does singles (cocci) look like
alone
37
what are prokaryotic cells
bacteria and archaea
38
are basic dyes positive or negative
positive
39
what is the flagella arrangement monotrichous
single flagellum at one end
40
what is Prokarotic Plenorphism
variation of cell shape and size within a single species, found in some extremophiles, shape can be altered by environmental conditions
41
what are the two types of gycocalyx
slime layer and capsule
42
what is the colony forming theroy
the theory behind how we get isolated colonies. all isolated colonies originate from one cell.
43
What are some basic shapes of cells
spherical, cubical, cylindrical
44
what is culture media
media is MULTIPLE nutrients prepared for microbial growth
45
T or F: eukaryotic cells have a nucleus
True
46
what does a coccus prokaryotic cell shape look like
spherical
47
are acidic dyes positive or negative
negative
48
what is chemical composition
type of chemicals a medium contains
49
what are the 3 parts of flagella
filament, hook, basal body
50
what is wet mount and hanging drop mount
tend to dry quickly under the microscope light, when microbes are places in liquid
51
what are the 4 types of arrangement of flagella
monotrichous, lephotrichous, amphitrichous, peritrichous
52
what are the key microscope characteristics
magnification and resolution
53
what is capsule stains
gelatinous or slimy layer surrounding some bacterial cells. (one type involves a combination of positive and negative staining)
54
what does a spirochete prokaryotic cell shape look like
spring like
55
what is asepsis
the absence of contamination by unwanted organisms
56
True or False: early microscopes we’re single lense
True
57
what colors have long wave lengths with bad resolution
ROYG
58
what is the refractive index
the measure of the light, bending ability of a medium
59
what does resolution on a microscope do
shows detail
60
what does reducing media mean
contains chemicals (thioglycollate) that combine O2, heated to drive off O2
61
what dye do we use on negative charged bacteria
basic dye
62
what is a simple stain
uses one type of stain
63
what are the functions of glycocalyx
protect cells from dehydration and nutrient loss, inhibit killing white blood cells, attachment (formation of biofilms)
64
what are the bacterial arrangements
cocci and bacilli
65
True or False: Facultative Anaerobe need O2
False, they can live with or without O2
66
what can you use when preparing specimens for optical microscopes
wet mounts and hanging drop mounts, fixed mounts, heat fixation
67
what is inoculum
the microbe being introduced to the medium
68
what are prokaryotes 3 basic shapes
coccus, bacillus, spirillum
69
True or False: aerobes need O2
True
70
what is resolution
the wave length of light that forms the imagine along with characteristics of the objects
71
what does a bacillus prokaryotic cell shape look like
rod
72
True or False: Obligate Anaerobe need O2
False, they can’t live with O2
73
what are the 3 categories of media classification
physical state, chemical composition, functional type
74
what is physical state
the mediums normal consistency
75
what is the filament of flagella
long, thin, helical structure composed of protein flagellin
76
what does staphylo (cocci) look like
clusters
77
T or F: the capsule of glycocalyx is highly organized and tightly attached
True
78
what does a spirillum prokaryotic cell shape look like
helical, comma, twisted rod
79
what’s an example of a chemical composition
synthetic—> chemically defined or nonsynthetic —> not chemically defined
80
what is fixed mounts
made by drying and heating film of specimen the the smear is stained by using dyes
81
what does differential media mesn
makes it easy to distinguish colonies of different microbes
82
what are the appendages for motility
flagella and axial filaments
83
what is a compound scope
2 lenses: objective lense • ocular power = total magnification
84
what is the flagella arrangement peritrichous
flagella dispersed over surface of cell
85
what does selective media mean
suppress unwanted microbes and encourage desired microbes
86
what is an example of a physical state
liquid, semisolid, a solid that can be converted to a liquid, or a solid that can’t be converted to a liquid
87
what are the two major groups of the external structure appendages
motility and attachment or channels
88
what colors have short wave lengths with good resolution
BIV
89
T or F: eukaryotic cells have a double membrane bound organelle with dna chromosomes
True
90
what are the conditions for media preparation
asepsis and aseptic technique
91
what does a coccobacillus prokaryotic cell shape look like
very short and plump
92
what is heat fixation
kills microbe and makes it stick to the slide
93
what is the dna of cells
chromosomes, ribosomes
94
what does inspection/information gathering mean
macroscopic observations of the colonies and microscopic observations (staining smears)
95
True or False: we use opposite charge of dye on charged bacterial cells
True
96
what are other shapes (besides the main 3 basic ones) that prokaryotes cells can have
coccobacillus, vibrio, spirochete
97
what does identification mean
to species (positive strain ?)
98
what are the 5 I’s (in order)
1. Inoculation 2. Incubation 3. Isolation 4. Inspection/ Information Gathering 5. Identification
99
True or False: the higher the magnification, the more light needed
True
100
what are the appendages for attachment or channels
fimbrae and pilli