Which lead to failure of system interoperability

There is need to have ____ of the system as a rule priority to help in the design to avoid the likeliness of the system failure

is the process of bringing together different subsystems or components into a single, unified system that function well

Components designed to accomplished a particular objective according to plan

systems many be designed which later on are combined together to form a system which is intended to achieve a specific objective which may be set by the Project manager

It is the combination of inter related elements to achieve common objective

Defines its a high level structure, exposing its gross organization as a collection of interacting components

are undesirable situations that prevent from business from fully achieving its purpose, goals and objectives

is a chance to improve the business even the absent of the specific problems

is a new requirement that imposed by the managememt, government or some external influence i.e mandates that come from internal or external source

must operate in a broad organizational environment

need to take a holistic or system view of a project to understand how it is situated within the larger organization

are the people involve in or affected by project activities

must take time to identify, understand and manage relationships with all project stakeholders

using four frames of ____ can help meet stakeholder needs and expectations

are very important stakeholders

A Recipe for Succes. The following items DOES NOT help IT projects succeed

focuses on roles and responsibilities coordination and control. Organizational charts help define this frame

Assumes organization are coalitions composed of varied individuals and interest group. Conflic and power are key issues

Focuses on providing harmony between needs of the organization and needs of people

Focuses on symbols and meanings related to events. Culture is important

People who do similar task, have similar skills and jobs in an organization are grouped into a

the company will coordinate intergroup relationships to create a work team that can readily meet the needs of a certain customers

The team members are given more autonomy and expected to take more responsibility for their work

The team are put together based on the number of the members needed to produce the product or complete

It is a process of collecting and intepreting facts, identifying the problem and decomposition of a system into its components

It is a process of planning a new business or replacing an existing system by defining its components or modules to satisfy the specific requirements

System Analysis and design mainly focuses on

Constraints of a System A System must have ____ and ____ which is designed to achieve predefined object

Constraints of a System. _____ and ______ must exist among the system components

The objectives of the organization have a higher priority then the objectives of its ___

implies structure and order. it is the arrangement of components that helps to achieve predetermiend objectives

It is defined by the mannger which the components operate with each other

means how the components of a system depend on one another. For proper functioning, components are coordinated and link together

The objective of a system must be central: it may be real or stated

The main aim of a system is to produce an

are the Information That enters into the system for processing

Output is the outcome of

is the element of a system that involves the actual transformation of input into output

It is a decision making subsystem that control the pattern of activities governing input, processing and output

provides the control in a dynamic system

is the “supersystems” within which an organization operates

are the limits that identify its components, processes and interrelationship when it interfaces with another system

Desk and chair are physical parts of computer center which are

A Programmed computer is a

An System must interact with its environment

A System does not interact with its environment

System respond to the change in the environment

A System which does not respond to the Environment

Persists for long time. Example Business Policies

is made for specified time and after that they are demolished

are created by the nature

is the manmade system

operates a predictable manner and the interaction between system components is known with certainty

Shows uncertain behavior. the exact output is not known

is made up for people. Example social club, societies

Both human and machine are involved to perform a particular task

It based on the flow of information in the form of memos, instructions etc

This is employee based system which solves the day to day work

This System is directly dependent on the computer managing business applications

is a 2D chart that shows system elements and their linkages

Shows the orderly flow of the material, energy and information

They represent one pair of relationships such as activity time or cost quantity

The type of organization or application that analysts deal with

This information required by the topmost management for long ranfe planning policies for next few years

This type of information is required by middle management for short and intermediate range planning which is in terms of months

This type of information is required by low management for daily and short term planning to enforce day to day operational activities