問題一覧
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1. What 3 things did Friedrich Ebert do to stabilise the situation after the war? (3 marks)
He promised General Groener of the army that he would leave them alone. He promised the Trade Unions that he would give workers an 8 hour working day. He promised leaders of industry that he wouldn’t confiscate land or factories
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2. What was the name of the peace treaty that Germany signed? Which 4 areas did it affect? (2 mark)
The Treaty of Versailles: Land, Army, Money, Blame
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3. What system of voting was used in Weimar? (1 mark)
Proportional representation
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4. Why did France occupy the Ruhr in January 1923? (1 mark)
Because Germany could not pay its reparations payments, so France took resources
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5. How did Streseman solve hyperinflation? (1 mark)
He set up a new bank – the Reichsbank – which introduced a new currency called the Rentenmark
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6. Name 3 improvements the Weimar government made. (1 marks)
Education, wages and pensions all improved
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7. What five things helped Hitler to take control of the DAP? (5 marks)
Policy, Organisation, Leadership, SA, Hitler’s appeal
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8. What was the SA? (1 mark)
The Nazi’s paramilitary force
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9. What was a consequence of the Munich Putsch? (1 mark)
Hitler was imprisoned, where he wrote Mein Kampf. He later used his trial to get publicity
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10. Why was the Bamberg Conference important? (1 mark)
Hitler now had total control of the party – its nationalist part was strengthened
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11. How did the Nazis try to attract workers to vote for them? (1 mark)
To attract working class votes the Nazis promised people “Work and Bread” on their posters. However most workers preferred the communists
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12. Who were the 3 chancellors before Hitler and when? (3 marks)
Heinrich Bruning: 1930- May 1932 Franz Von Papen: May 1932- November 1932 Kurt Von Schleicher: November 1932- January 1933
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13. What was the result of the July 1932 election? (1 mark)
The Nazis became the largest party but Hindenburg refused to make Hitler chancellor
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14. Why was the Enabling Act significant? (1 mark)
The Enabling Act changed the constitution and gave Hitler the right to make laws for four years without Reichstag agreement.
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15. How did Hitler eliminate opposition? (1 marks)
The Nazis blamed the communist for the Reichstag Fire. All political parties in Germany were made illegal in July 1933, except for the NSDAP
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16. Which threat did the Night of the Long Knives deal with? (1 mark)
Any internal opposition to Hitler or supporters of Ernst Rohm.
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17. What were the 3 different police groups and what did they do? (3 marks)
SD (protection Squad): Wore uniforms and spied on all known opponents and critics of the Nazi party SS (Stormtroopers): Black uniforms. By 1936 the SS controlled all Germany’s police and security forces. Gestapo (Secret State Police): No uniforms. Prosecuted anyone who said or did anything critical of the Nazis
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18. How did the Nazis control law courts? (1 mark
To control law courts he abolished trial by jury. Instead judges decided if people were innocent and guilty and what their punishment should be. There was no right of appeal
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19. What deal did Hitler make with the Pope? (1 mark)
In 1933 Hitler signed a “concordat” (agreement) with thePope. He agreed to leave Catholic schools alone as long as Catholic bishops swore loyalty to the Nazis and stayed out of politics.
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20. What was the Pastor’s Emergency League? (1 mark)
A group of protestants who opposed joining regional churches into one national German Christian Church controlled by the Nazis
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21. Why might someone argue the resistance of the Edelweiss Pirates was limited? (1 mark)
By 1939 membership of the Edelweiss Pirates was about 2,000 and membership of the Hitler Youth was 8 million
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1. What was the Mother’s Cross? (1 mark)
This was an award given to women for the number of children they had: bronze for four or five children, silver for six or seven and gold for eight
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4. What were the Nazi Youth Groups called? ( marks)
Hitler youth for Boys and the League for German Maidens for Girls
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7.Why were Hitler’s unemployment strategies maybe not as successful as they seemed? (1 mark)
The Nazis did not include women, Jewish people and men aged 18-25 in their unemployment statistics. They were known as the “invisible unemployed”
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6. How did Hitler aim to solve unemployment? (1 mark)
Public work schemes, the National Labour Service, the Four Year Plan all gave people jobs
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8. What were Nazi “racial beliefs”? (2 marks)
They believed in “eugenics” and encouraged reproduction of the “best” Germans and sterilised Germans who were considered unsuitable. They believed the ideal human was Aryan: blonde haired and blue eyed
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10. Why were 1935 and 1938 turning points in the discrimination of Jewish people? (2 marks)
In 1935 the Nuremburg Laws banned the marriages of Jewish and non-Jewish people and took their German citizenship. In 1938 Kristallnacht was a major state-sponsored pogrom against the Jewish population
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What's the dawes plan?
The Dawes Plan temporarily resolved the issue of the reparations that Germany owed to the Allies of World War I
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What's the young plan?
reduced the total amount of reparations demanded of Germany to 121 billion gold marks, almost $29 billion, payable over 58 years