Basic Communication I

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The three major fields of electronics are ______, ______, and ________

Computers, Communications, Control

Communication is the process of ______ information.

exchanging

________ is the transmission, reception, and processing of information between two or more locations using electronic circuits.

Electronic Communication

Electronic Communication System aims to _____

transfer information from one place to another.

The major elements of a communications system, are a ________ to send a message, a communications medium, a __________ to pick up the message, and _________.

Transmitter, Receiver, Noise

________ converts information signal into form suitable for transmission.

Transmitter

_______ accepts transmitted signal, and converts it back to its original form.

Receiver

Transmission Medium provides a means of ________ between a transmitter and a receiver.

transporting signals

Transmitters are made up of following except ______

Demodulators

__________ is the process of converting a frequency or band of frequencies, to another location in the total frequency spectrum.

Frequency Translation

Class B Amplifier has _____ Efficiency and ______ Fidelity.

78.5%, 50%

Class A Amplifier has _____ Efficiency and ______ Fidelity.

50%, 100%

Class C Amplifier has Fidelity less than _______ and Efficiency close to ______

50%, 90%

Which of the following Fidelity and Efficiency is Class AB Amplifier?

60%, 60%

It is bias for Class C Amplifier that is produced by Resistor Capacitor Network

Signal Bias

Collector current in Class C amplifier is ______

pulse

it is used as frequency coupling.

Push Pull Amplifier

_____ is ratio of RF output power to dc input power.

Efficiency

It is the back and forth oscillation of electrons in oscillator.

Flywheel Effect

The ______ feedback is coupled to Hartley oscillator via ______.

positive, tapped coil

The ______ feedback is coupled to Colpitts oscillator via ______.

positive, capacitive divider

The ______ feedback is coupled to Pierce oscillator via ______.

positive, neutralizing capacitor

Pierce oscillator does not require LC Tank

True

What is crystal utilized in Colpitts oscillator?

Quartz

Colpitts oscillator is commonly used in VFO because ________

it is stable.

Oscillator produces periodic waveform on its ouput with applied _______ supply.

The order of Q required by tank circuit to reduce harmonics is approximately ________.

It is added to the circuit to compensate for variations due to heat.

AGC

Network consists _____ inductor and _____ capacitors.

1 or 2, interchangeably

In broadcast station, Automatic Gain Control is also referred as ________

compression amplifier

______ is oscillator mode tuned at the third, fifth, seventh, or even the ninth harmonic of the crystal’s fundamental frequency.

Overtone

GT Cut Crystal Is almost a perfect zero-coefficient crystal from freezing to boiling but is useful only at frequencies below ______

50 kHz

Discrete Pierce Oscillator, is a crystal oscillator circuit that is used due to ____

very good frequency stability and reasonably simple circuitry.

_______ is a crystal oscillator circuit that has low cost and simple digital interfacing capabilities.

Integrated Pierce Oscillator

_______ is crystal oscillator circuit that has best frequency stability.

RLC Half Bridge Oscillator

It is free-running oscillator with a stable frequency of oscillation, that depends on an external timing capacitance, timing resistance, and control voltage.

VCO

It is the parameter of divider between VCO and phase detector, in which determines output frequency of synthesizer.

Frequency Division Ratio

It is a closed-loop feedback control system in which either the frequency or the phase of the feedback signal is the parameter.

Phase Locked Loop

It is the state when the PLL is in the process of acquiring frequency lock.

Capture Range

It is the state when the VCO output frequency is locked equal to the frequency of the external input signal.

Tracking Range

It refers to frequency acquisition.

Zero Beat

Hold In Range is the ____ of lock range.

half

It is the VCO’s output frequency when the PLL is not locked.

Natural Frequency

It is the VCO’s output frequency when the PLL is locked.

Input Frequency

PLL is combined with ______ to produce multiple frequencies.

Mixer

Frequency Synthesizer has basic circuit of ____

PLL

_____ is frequency synthesis where multiple output frequencies are generated by mixing the inputs.

Direct Frequency Synthesizer

_____ is frequency synthesis where a feedback-controlled divider/multiplier is used to generate multiple output frequencies.

Indirect Frequency Synthesizer

______ is a device used as frequency multiplier or divider.

Nonlinear

_______ is the minimum frequency separation between output frequencies for a synthesizer.

Resolution

_______ refers to a specific band of frequencies allocated a particular service.

Channel

______ is the medium by which the electronic signal is sent from one place to another.

Communication Channel

________ refers to two or more locations in which information are exchanged.

Station

_____ are pair of wires, that transmit voice signals from microphone in its simplest form.

Wire Conductors

what carries TV signals?

Coaxial Cable

______ are used in LAN, or Local Network Area.

Twisted Pair

_______ is a light pipe, used to carry long distance calls, and internet communications.

Optic Fiber

_______ is the wireless media that uses propagate signal, through electromagnetic field.

Free Radio

________ is the term for any form of wireless communication from one point to another.

Radio

_______ are signalsmade up of electric and magnetic fields, that propagate over long distances.

Radio Waves

____ is circuit configuration for one wire for signal and one for ground.

2 Wire

______ is circuit configuration for two for signal and two for ground.

4 Wire

_______ match impedance and provide isolation between two signal directions.

Hybrid Set

______ is a medium used in SONAR or Sound Navigation for Radar.

Water

Device that listens for underwater sounds with sensitive hydrophones.

Passive Radar

Device that uses an echo-reflecting technique similar to that used in radar for determining how far away objects under water.

Active Radar

______ is medium used for carrying low frequency signals.

Earth

_______ is used for remote control of electrical equipment.

Alternating Current Power Line

What process is performed at transmitter?

Modulation

_______ is the process of extracting information from high frequency.

Detection

______ is random, unpredictable, and unwanted signals.

Noise

Noise always affect the communication systems at _____.

Channel

_______ is present with or without input signal.

Uncorrelated Noise

_______ is present with input signal only.

Correlated Noise

External Noise is measured in terms of ____ values.

peak

_______ consists of electrical signals that originate from outside Earth’s atmosphere.

Deep Space Noise and Extraterrestrial Noise

Extraterrestial Noise is observable at frequencies from _____

8 MHz to 1.43 GHz

Noise generated directly from the sun’s heat.

Solar Noise

Peak solar noise occurs every _____ years.

What kind of noise are continuously distributed throughout the galaxies?

Cosmic Noise

What noise that is naturally occurring electrical disturbances that originate within Earth’s atmosphere?

Static Noise

Atmospheric Noise cannot be ignored at the frequencies

below 30 MHz

______ is the interference caused by rain or dust storms.

Precipitation Static

Industrial Noise is man made noise with frequency from

15 to 160 MHz

What disrurb or detract form?

Interference

______ is noise produced when signal that fall outside their allocated bandwidth and interfere with other signals.

Electrical Interference

It is the signal alteration due to imperfect response of system.

Distortion

_____ is the non continuous noise of irregular pulses or spikes of duration with high amplitudes.

Jitter

______ is the interference coming from other channels.

Crosstalk

Crosstalk occurs due to _______

Inductive and Capacitive Coupling

_______ is the crosstalk due to incomplete suppression of sidebands which are untelligible.

Miscellaneous

_______ is the device that measures internal open circuit voltage of an equivalent noise generator.

Psophometer

Psophometer has generator with 600 Ohm load and _____ load.

600 Ohm

It is characterized by high-amplitude peaks of short duration in the total noise spectrum.

Impulse Noise

_________ is the noise produced within the system.

Internal Noise

It is random acoustic or electric noise that has equal energy per cycle over a specified band.

Thermal Noise

_______ is caused by thermal agitation of particles in a resistive material.

Any of these

A noise measured on a circuit when it is correctly terminated but does not have any traffic.

Thermal Noise

When there is increase in temperature, ______

Any of these

100

When there is increase in resistance, the noise power _____

does not change

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