問題一覧
1
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of phospholipids?
They contain a glycerol backbone, two fatty acids and a phosphate group
2
Which of the following fatty acids is considered essential for human health?
Linoleic acid (C18:2)
3
Which type of bond is formed between the fatty acid and glycerol in a triglyceride?
Ester bond
4
Cholesterol is classified as which type of lipid?
Steroid
5
Which of the following lipids is primarily responsible for the formation of the lipid bilayer in biological membranes?
Phospholipids
6
Which of the following is a major risk factor associated with hypercholesterolemia?
Increased LDL
7
What is the function of the LDL receptor in cholesterol metabolism?
It binds and internalises LDL particles, facilitating their clearance from circulation
8
Statins are a class of drugs commonly prescribed for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Which of the following is their primary mechanism of action?
Inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, leading to decreased cholesterol synthesis
9
Which of the following is a consequence of familial hypercholesterolemia(FH)?
Elevated LDL cholesterol levels due to defective LDL receptors
10
Which enzyme is responsible for the esterification of cholesterol to form cholesterol esters in the liver and intestine?
Acyl-CoAacyltransferase (ACAT)
11
Which of the following omega-3 fatty acids is most commonly found in fatty fish?
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
12
How do omega-3 fatty acids contribute to cardiovascular health?
By reducing platelet aggregation and inflammation
13
Which of the following is a primary mechanism by which omega-3 fatty acids reduce inflammation?
Inhibition of COX-2 and lipoxygenase enzymes involved in prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis
14
Which of the following is a dietary source of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an essential omega- 3 fatty acid?
Flaxseed oil
15
Omega-3 fatty acids are important for brain health. Which of the following omega-3s is especially crucial for the development and function of the central nervous system?
DHA
16
What does the genetic disorder familial hypercholesterolemia cause?
A decreased number of LDL receptors
17
The correct fatty acid nomenclature for C18:2 is
Ocatdecadienoic acid
18
Which of the following classes of acyl-lipids are primarily used as a source of stored energy?
Triacylglycerol
19
Which of the following eicosanoids is synthesised in a pathway which requires the enzyme cyclooxygenase?
Both A and C
20
Which class of lipoprotein functions to mobilise dietary triglycerides?
Chylomicrons