問題一覧
1
extrinsic and intrinsic blood clotting pathways both proceed to follow a common pathway once this clotting factor is activated
factor x
2
what is the first stage of homeostasis
vascular spasm
3
the percentage of red blood cells in a sample of blood is called the
hematocrit
4
a piece of a clot that breaks off and migrates, potentially blocking off a vessel and preventing blood flow from downstream is called a
embolus
5
which of the following will occur if someone with type A blood receives a type B transfusion (select two)
agglutination, hemolysis
6
the extra cellular matrix of blood is called
plasma
7
which of the following statements about Rh negative blood is true?
it lacks the Rh antigen
8
the process of breaking up or dissolving a blood clot is called
fibrinolysis
9
which vitamin is necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors?
vitamin K
10
in an adult, where can red bone marrow be found?
the end of long bones and in flat, irregular bones
11
blood type AB+ lacks any ****, making them the “universal recipient” able to receive blood from any ABO/Rh group
antibodies
12
charged with delivering oxygen and removing carbon dioxide
erythrocyte
13
produces fragments that form platalets
megakaryocyte
14
responsible for long term immunity
lymphocyte
15
secretes heparin, which prevents clotting
basophil
16
surrounds and digest any bacteria or other cells that may cause damage to tissue
phagocyte
17
what causes platelets to become sticky platelets
the exposure of the collagen fibers
18
this is the process in which certain white blood cells surround and digest any bacteria or other calls that may cause damage to tissue
phagocytosis
19
what is the normal life span of a red blood cell
120 days
20
what is the correct progression of the cardiac impulse?
SA node, AV node, bundle of his, Purkinje fibers
21
the cardiac muscle that performs the work of the heart is also called the
myocardium
22
which system does the cardiac accelatory center activate in response to emotional stress or increased physical activity?
sympathetic nervous system
23
based on your knowledge of the hearts electrical system, what will happen if a patients primary pacemaker fails?
another area of the electrical system will initiate a heartbeat
24
which artery supplies blood to the front and main wall of the left ventricle
left anterior descending artery
25
located between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
pulmonary valve
26
located between the right atrium and the right ventricle
tricuspid valve
27
located between the left ventricle and the aorta
aortic valve
28
what causes a myocardial infarction?
a blood clot or fatty deposit in the coronary artery
29
starting when deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart from the body, what is the correct progression of blood through the heart and lungs?
right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, left ventricle
30
receives deoxygenated blood from the body
right atrium
31
pumps blood to the lungs
right ventricle
32
pumps oxygenated blood to the body
left ventricle
33
point of maximum impulse
apex
34
receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
left atrium
35
The series of events that occur from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next is the
cardiac cycle
36
this term refers to the amount of blood that the heart pumps in one minute
cardiac output
37
the fibrous connective tissue that encircles each valve is known as the
skeleton of the heart
38
baroreceptors are
sensory nerve endings in the aortic arch and carotid arteries that sense changes in pressure
39
what is diffusion from the standpoint of capillary exchange?
movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
40
What mechanisms assist venous return?
One-way valves, skeletal muscle contractions, pressure changes during breathin
41
Where is blood flow slowest, and what contributes to the diminished velocity?
Flow is slowest in the capillaries because of their distance from the aorta and narrow diameter.
42
what brain structure coordinates blood pressure control?
medulla
43
Where in the vascular system are the highest and the lowest pressures found?
aorta (highest), capillaries (lowest)
44
The hepatic portal system deposits blood from the _______________________ into the liver; it then returns it to the __________________.
abdominal organs; inferior vena cava
45
The distal end of the abdominal aorta divides into
the right and left common iliac arteries
46
List the correct order of vessels in the arterial side of the systemic circulation:
conducting arteries, distributing arteries, arteriales, capillaries
47
Site for exchange of nutrients and oxygen
capillaries
48
blood vessels with the thickest wall
arteries
49
center space of a blood vessel
lumen
50
veins closest to the heart
large veins
51
deliver blood to specific organs
distributing arteries
52
A large, permeable capillary found in organs such as the liver, spleen, and bone marrow that allows for the passage of large cells and proteins:
sinusoid
53
Vasodilation controls blood pressure by:
decreasing blood vessel resistance
54
A young man falls, putting his hand through a window. He is bleeding profusely. You would expect his blood pressure to:
decrease
55
injecting a vaccine of a dead or weakened pathogen imparts which type of immunity?
artificial active immunity
56
**** immunity targets host cells that have become infected with a pathogen; **** immunity targets pathogens outside of the host cells
cellular; humoral
57
After the spleen destroys old red blood cells it
returns leftover iron and globin to the liver and bone marrow
58
which of the following aids in the movement of lymphatic fluid ?
contractions of skeletal muscle
59
An environmental substance that triggers an allergic response is called an:
allergen
60
The _________________ tonsils are the largest, and most prone to become infected.
palatine
61
Antibodies which are passed from mother to infant via breastfeeding can provide what type of immunity in the infant?
natural passive immunity
62
The substance secreted by injured or irritated cells that produces local vasodilation, as well as allergy symptoms such as runny nose, watery eyes, congestion, and hives.
histamine
63
The skin and mucous membranes are part of the body’s
first line of defense
64
The mucous membranes of the respiratory tract repel pathogens because they
produce mucus, which traps pathogens
65
What is a purpose of Peyer’s patches?
monitor bacterial populations within the intestines
66
Besides immunity, what other function does the lymphatic system serve?
fluid balance
67
Which type of immunity uses T cells to destroy pathogens within a cell?
cellular immunity
68
Following a kidney transplant, a patient typically takes medication to:
suppress the immune system to prevent activation of a cellular immune response
69
Where is the spleen located?
upper left quadrant of the abdomen
70
Which of the following statements about lymphatic vessels is correct?
lymphatic vessels have valves
71
Which important white blood cells travel throughout the bloodstream seeking out pathogens?
neutrophils