問題一覧
1
The universe was born with the big bang as an unimaginably hot,dense point.(SINGULARITY)
SCIENTIFIC BELIEF(BIG-BANG)
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Everything is based on what we think of.
PHILOSOPHICAL BELIEF
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The religious belief that the universe and life origin”from specific acts of divine creation”
CREATIONISM BELIEF
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The portion of the earth system that includes yhe earth’s interior, rocks and minerals
LITHOSPHERE(GEOSPHERE)
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The liquid water component of the earth
HYDROSPHERE
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This is a layer of gases surrounding a planet or other material body of sufficient mass that is helf in place by the gravity of the earth
ATMOSPHERE
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Includall living organisms on earth
BIOSPHERE
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5-70 km thick; the solid,brittle, outermost layer of the earth
CRUST
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2,900 km thick
MANTLE
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3,428 km radius
CORE
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15-300 km thick
LITHOSPHERE
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250 km thick
ASTHENOSPHERE
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2,550 km thick
MESOSPHERE
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2,200 km thick
OUTER CORE
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1,228 km radius
INNER CORE
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Formed when magma(molten rock deep within the earth) coolds and hardens.
IGNEOUS ROCK
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Formed from particles of sand,ss,pebbles, and other fragments of material
SEDIMENTARY ROCK
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Formed under the surface of the earth from the metamorphosis(CHANGE)
METAMORPHIC ROCK
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Magma cools either underground or on the surface and hardens into an igneous rock.
CRYSTALLIZATION(IGNEOUS)
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It refers to the forces acting upon a crustal plate
STRESS
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Types of stress forces
TENSION- stretch or pull rock layers COMPRESSION- Push rock layers from opposite sides SHEARING- Make rock layers slide past each other
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It occurs when rock layers breaks and cause tremors
FAULT
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Types of fault
NORMAL FAULT- It occurs when one block of rocks moves down STRIKE-SLIP FAULT- It produces a horizontal displacement OBLIQUE-SLIP FAULT- It occus if the movement is a combination of normal fault and strike-slip fault REVERSE FAULT- It occurs when one block moves upward in relation to the other
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It refers to all the movements in the lithosphere
DIASTROPHISM
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Movement of rock(falls,slides,spreads,flows), debris or earth down a slope
LANDSLIDE
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Phenomenon in which the strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced.
LIQUEFACTION
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It causes two types of destruction
RAINFALL
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Temporarise in sea level caused by the water being driven over land primarily by the one-shore typhoon force winds
STORM SURGE
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3 types of PYROCLASTIC PHENOMENA
PYROCLASTIC FLOWS- masses of hot PYROCLASTIC SURGES- turbulent, low-density clouds of gases and rock rebris LATERAL BLAST- a volcanic eruption that takes place on the flanks
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Flowing slurry of volcanic debris and water that originates on a volcano
LAHAR(MUDFLOW)
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What is lava flows and poisonous gases
LAVA FLOWS- long thin flows on slopes and flat-topped POISONOUS GASES- carbon dioxide,sulfur dioxide
32
Destruction is caused either by the DIRECT IMPACT OF THE WIND or by FLYING DEBRIS
WIND
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It is a natural disaster caused by geological disturbances
GEOLOGICAL EVENTS
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It is the trembling of the earth’s surface that occurs when the energy stored within the earth
EARTHQUAKE
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Hazard it cause:
GROUND SHAKING- it is the vibration of the ground SURFACE FAULTING- Tearing of the ground LANDSLIDES and LIQUEFACTION
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Movement of rock(falls,slides,spreads,flows)
LANDSLIDE
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The strength and stiffness of a soil is reduced
LIQUEFACTION
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The gigantic water waves
TSUNAMIS
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it occurs when molten rock, ash and steam pour through a vent in the earth’s crust
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
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Hazard ut causes
TEPHRA FALLS- includes all sizes of rock fragments and lava blobs
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It is a map that highlights areas that affected by or vilnerable to a particular hazard.
HAZARD MAP(PHILIPPINES PERSPECTIVE)
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Earthqu
PACIFIC RING OF FIRE- our country lies within an arc where mang active volcanos and fault line are found AREAS LYING IN FAULT LINE- Based on studies (NOAA)
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Flood
LOW LYING AREAS- under the influence of gravity AREAS NEAR BODIES OF WATER- bodies of water(river,lakes,seas,etc) are catcg basins of flood water from nearby areas
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Landslide
AREAS NEAR MOUNTAINS/HIGH ELEVATION-tons of soil and rocks in motion is obviously catast
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Typhoon-wind
DILAPIDATED PHYSICAL STRUCTURES- these are poorly-build structures
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Storm surge
COASTAL AREAS-coastal waters itself that was pushed by typhoon winds.
47
It is the breaking down of rocks
WEATHERING
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is a term used in science that refers to the geological process of rocks breaking
PHYSICAL WEATHERING
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The weekenin and subsequent disintegration of rock bye chemical reactions
CHEMICAL WEATHERING
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When a rock is exposed to extreme heat and pressure within the earth but does not melt the rock becomes metamorphosed
METAMORPHISM