Interest shifts to rewards rather than punishment-effort is made to secure greatest benefit for oneself.

refers to the socialization and social learning that neips to explain the ways in which children growing up in a violent family learn violent roles and, subsequently, may play out the roles of victim or victimizer in their own adult families as adults.

claims that all human personalities may be seen in three dimensions such as psychoticism, extroversion and neuroticism.

expressed the notion that a child needs warmth and affection from his/her mother or a mother substitute.

Concepts attached to concrete situations. Time, space, and quantity are understood and can be applied, but not as independent concepts.

girls for their fathers (the Electra complex).

where convicted people tend to choose each other as mates because of physical and social Iproximity they meet each other in the same schools, neighborhoods, clubs, pubs, and so on.

Orientation toward fixed rules. The purpose of morality is maintaining the social order. Interpersonal accord is expanded to include the entire society.

focuses on assortative mating where female offenders tend to cohabit with or get married to male offenders.

Theoretical, hypothetical, and counterfactual thinking. Abstract logic and reasoning.

They explain predatory street crime by showing how human nature develops from the interplay of psychological, biological, and social factors.

It is expressed that criminal behavior, was the product of "unconscious" forces operating within a person's mind.

evaluates the reality of a position of these two extremes (reality principle).

are sensation-seeking, dominant, and assertive.

where people examine each other's personality and behavior and choose partners who are similar to themselves

The "good boy/girl" level. Effort is made to secure approval and maintain friendly relations with others.

it is concerned with the study of observable behavior rather than unconscious processes.

a child attains pleasure by sucking and biting.

Films and television shows, which are accessible to people of all ages and social status, commonly depict violence graphically.

Symbolic thinking, use of proper syntax and grammar to express full concepts.

a branch of psychology that studies the perception of reality and the ment: process required to understand the world we live.

it is claimed, typcally have an inability to form bonds of affection (Adler et al., 2010).

he found thatconditionability depends on certain physiological factors, the most important of which is ___________

the instinct to preserve and create life.

suggests that people who obey the law simply to avoid punishment or who have outlooks mainy characterized by self-interest are more likely to commit crimes than those who view the law as something that benefits all of society and who honor the rights of others

who emphasized that the most important phenomenon to social developrment takes place after the birth of any mammal and that is the construction of an emotional bond between the infant and his mother.

occurs during the third year when children focus their attention on their genitals.

this theory holds that the human personality is controlled by unconscious mental processes developed in eady childhood, It arques that human personality contains three major components, namely: id, ego and superego.

Mutual benefit, reciprocity. Morally right and legally right are not always the same. Utlitarian rules that make life better for everyone.

responsible for higher intellectual functioning, information processing, and decision-making

Thistheory suggests that (1) the presence of criminal behavior depends on whether or not it is rewarded or punished

are aggressive, egocentric, and impulsive.

affects the capacity to be affectionate and to develop intimate relationships with others

Bandura reports that children from families where parents show aggressive behaviors inside their homes would likely show similar behaviors when dealing with others.

is expressed sexually.

focus of sexual attention is on the elimination of bodily waste

dictates the needs and desires (it operates under pleasure principle).

Males begin to have sexual feelings for their mothers

states that criminal and antisocial parents tend to have delinquent and antisocial children, as shown in the classic longitudinal surveys by Joan McCord in Boston and Lee Robins in St. Louis. USA (1982).

counteracts the id by fostering feelings of morality (morality principle).

may bedescribed as having low self-esteem, excessive anxiety and wide mood swings.

People who reside in areas where violence is a daily occurrence are more likely to act violently than those who dwell in low-crime areas which norm stresses or shows conventional behavior.

Coordination of senses with motor response, sensory curiosity about the world.

argued that people are not actually born with the ability to act violently but that they learn to be aggressive through their life experiences.

No difference between doing the right thing and avoiding punishment

Morality is based on principles that transcend mutual benefit.