Types of muscle (3)

___________ muscle for voluntary movement (walking, talking, etc.)

________ muscle for involuntary movement (digestion, vessel constriction, etc.)

_______ muscle for heart contraction needed to propel blood through the vascular system Structure and Function

Two skeleton division

Skeleton divison - upper limbs - lower limbs - pectoral girdle (scapula and clavicle) - pelvic girdle (the hip bones)

Skeleton division - skull - vertebral column - ribcage

Types of bones (4)

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Turns the palm downward

Turns the palm upward

Moves the sole of the foot inward

Moves the sole of the foot outward

Decreases the angle of a joint

Increases the angle of a joint

Moves closer to the midline

Moves away from the midline

standing on your heel; pointing toes upward.

standing on your toes, pointing toes downward

(Surface Features of Bones) irregularly shaped, large process on femur; non-articulating

(Surface Features of Bones) small, rounded process for muscle and ligament attachment

(Surface Features of Bones) large, rounded process for muscle and ligament attachment

(Surface Features of Bones) rounded, articulating KNOB

(Surface Features of Bones) prominent and rounded END of bone; articulating

(Surface Features of Bones) round opening in a bone to allow for passage of blood vessels and nerves

(Surface Features of Bones) narrow, slit-like opening

(Surface Features of Bones) tubelike or canal-like passageway in a bone

(Surface Features of Bones) cavity or hollow space in a bone

____ bones are located at the medial corner of each eye.

The ______ is the lower jaw bone

The __________are the upper jaw bones; they fuse medially to form the hard palate which is the roof of the mouth

The _______ are the cheekbones

The first SEVEN pairs of ribs are “_________” and are attached to the sternum directly by the costal cartilages

The next FIVE pairs of ribs (your _____)are attached to costal cartilage that is not directly connected to the sternum.

The last TWO pairs of false ribs are your _________.

______ muscles arenfound in the walls of arteries, respiratory passages, urinary and reproductive ducts, and visceral organs. They are involuntary muscles controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

What are the terms given to the ends of a long bone?

_______ are flexible bands of fibrous tissue that hold bones close together at the joint.

Which one of the following is a “small, roundedprocess for muscle and ligament attachment?

inflammation of ribs and cartilage

act of measuring the pelvis

cell that breaks down bone

pertaining to under or below the ribs:

pertaining to the sternum (breastbone) and rib

tumor (composed) of muscle:

BINDING, fixation (of a bone or JOINT)

rupture of muscle:

abnormal CONDITION of being stiff, bent, or crooked:

FEELING weakness or debility of muscle

softening of cartilage:

visual examination of a joint

doctor who treats inflammatory conditions, particularly those that affect joints, muscles, and bones and those which are autoimmune

doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders

Deformity characterized by lateral deviation of the great toe

Fluid-filled sac arising from joint capsules or tendons Commonly occurring in the wrist, hand, or foot

Protrusion, or HERNIATION, of the nucleus pulposus (gelatinous material at the center of the intervertebral DISK) between two vertebrae

Chronic, autoimmune, progressive, systemic inflammatory disease Affects the synovial membranes of joint

Acute or chronic infection of the bone-forming tissue inflammation around bone

Systemic connective tissue disorder Chronic disorder of uric acid metabolism More common in middle-aged and older men

group of hereditary diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of muscles, leading to increased weakness and debilitation, includes Duchenne dystrophy (most common form)

: localized tissue DEATH that occurs in groups of cells in response to DISEASE or injury

forward slipping of one vertebra onto the one below it with predisposing factors that include spondylosis, degeneration, and birth defects in the spine, such as spina bifida

: abnormal bone-density loss with increased porosity, causing brittle bones and increased risk of fracture and occurring most commonly in postmenopausal porous bone, loss of bone tissue and bone mineral (calcium):

deformity of the foot and ankle (usually congenital), in which the foot is twisted and relatively fixed in an abnormal position; also called clubfoot

Partial or complete removal of an extremity as a result of trauma or circulatory disease

Puncture of a JOINT space using a needle to REMOVE accumulated FLUID

EXCISION of the posterior ARCH OF A VERTEBRAE

Visual EXAMINATION of the interior of a JOINT Insertion of an endoscope through a small incision Allows repair and removal

Radiography of the spinal cord after injection of a contrast medium Used to identify and study spinal distortions caused by tumors, cysts, herniated

Blood test used to detect the presence of rheumatoid factor, an antibody present in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

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8

13

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3 back bone

9 and 24

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23

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18

21

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1

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7