Which type of microbes live in your stomach?

Chloronates swimming pools is an example of _________ ?

What Method would you use to quantify cells that are sparse in a solution?

By ho much increase in atmosphericpressure (atm) if you were to dive 30 meters?

Microbial growth refers o the size change of an individual microbe?

The thermal death time for this culture under this condition is how many minutes?

Compared to moist heat, dry heat requires ______ to sterilize?

From the list below, which is the most resistant to methods of deactvation/killing?

Which biosafety level is required when Dr. pham was doing HIV reserch?

Blood Agar contains intact RBCs which are used to determine if a microbe has the ability to lyse blood cells.

In the Ames test, what is the purpose of positve selection?

The standard (control) used to compare and determine chemical efficacy is:

The theraputic drug index refers to:

To minimize the development of resistance, it is advised to:

Substitution (point mutation) involves:

What is the goal of developing a safe bacterial control?

Which enzyme can proofread DNA during replication?

For disinfectant #3 the MIC is:

Which mutagen results iis pyrimidine dimers?

All food and products must pass FDA regulation before selling to consumers to ensure:

Where does most gene regulation occur in prokaryotes?

List the steps in order:

Why is it said that nucleic acid polymerization occurs 5’ to 3’?

The trp operon is transcribed when tryptophan is _______? The lac oeron is transcribed when lactose is ________ ?

If a researcher sets up a PCR reaction, but mistakenly uses a heat-sensitive polymerase, not a Taq polymerase, what will happen?

Which condition ensures maximal trascription of the lac operon?

Why would recombinant DNA molecules be inserted into a host cell?

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have their transcription and translation happening simultaneously in the cytoplasm

Disinfection can involve both chemical and physical methods

Filtration is a method to concentrate the sparse number of microbes so that we are able to count them

What accidental discovery led alexander fleming’s penicillin breakthrough?

The energy required for DNA replication comes from the:

DNA replication requires DNA primers in order to initiate

Transcription starts at a region of DNA called the

Why do we use heat instead of helicase, topoisomerase, etc in PCR?

Missense Nonsense Silent

If a medium changes color after incubation with specific types of microorganisms it is a:

Which of the following categories do the vast majority of pathogens fall into?

Which type of mutation results if part of a chromosomebreaks off and reattaches to a different chromosome?

Negative selection

Positive Selection

Ames test

Chromosomal and plasmid DNA replication bubbles begin

Origins of replication may be numerus on a chromosomes

Why is Taq polymerase unique?

The regulation control in prokaryotic that represents a key to a car is:

Researchers working on the treponeme microbes that cause syphilis MUST isolate large numbers of the bacteria from an infected rabbit. Why would this be true?

Which of the following is a low-level disinfectant?

From the list below, which is not a target of antimicrobial activity?

Which condition would prevent the trp operon from being transcribed?

During the elongation phase of translation, an mRNA codon will pass through which order of the tRNA bringing sites on the ribosome?

Name one person (last name only) who got the nobe prize for the discovery of DNA structure

Bioinformatic:

Polymerase Chain Reacton:

Agarose gel electrophoresis

qPCR or sequencing

When using restricton enzymes for gene insertion during molecular cloning, what ritical issue arrises if the orientation of the gene of interest is not correct?

Which mutagen results in pyrimidine dimers?

select all that can affecct bacterial growth and enzyme activities.

The use of lysosome during the preparation of cheese and wines is effective in reducing the number of

What is the primary function of base-excision repai ad mismatch repair mechanism?

When an insertion or detection of one or two nucleotides occurs in a coding region for a protein this type of mutation occurs

Where specifically in a eukaryotic cell does the process of translation occur

In a laboratory exploring DNA structure and it’s aplications, scientists are studying the factors influencing the separation of the DNA strands. During experiments involving DNA strand for processes like repliation or analysis, cytosine (C) and guanine (G) are consistantly identified at key positions to their:

Transfection:

Transformation:

Transduction:

Organize the steps of PCR

What are some examples of mechanisms of resistance?

In Griffith's experiment on bacterial transformation, what crucial discovery indicated that a bacterial plasmid could turn harmless bacteria into deadly strains?

Before complementary base pairing can occur in DNA replication:

The nucletide sequence AUGGUC

The primary reason environmental conditions play a role in microbial growth is because these conditons affect____

In griffith’s experiment, what was determined to be the key factor responsible for the transformation of non-pathogenic bacteria into pathogenic ones when exposed to a heat-killed pathogenic strain?

The RNA polymerase will constituitively bind and epress the regulatory gene?

LAC Operons are inducible where the addition of lactose is required to activate gene expression

This gah is illustrating a:

Select all the desired quorum sensing:

What is the mechanism where opportunistic bacteria communicate with each other prior to an all-out invasion?

A broad spectrum antimicrobial can be prescribed to treat all infections

Which of the following is the preffered method of determining the efficacy of an antimicrobial chemical in the European union?

Okazaki fragments occur because

The RNA type which brings amino acids to a ribosome is

Why is the DNA synthesis of the lagging strand considered discontinuous?

Which of the following would not be used during DNA fingering (gene cloning) procedure?

Which of the following mutations would most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?

Which enzyme places the RNA nucleotides which are complementary to DNA nucleotides down to begging DNA replication?

It is our protein that expresses the traits to be passed down from generation to generation

In the context of prokaryotic cells, how can restriction enzymes be analogously compared to a biological immune system response against bacteriophages?\

Which of the following is considered a mechanism of resistance for the protein synthesis?

Why are the endospores vials used to test autoclave function?

Which type of organism would be expected to grow at 60 C

The Ames test determines if chemical is a ccarcinogen (causes cancer)

Which of the following is/are involved in translation. Choose all that apply

In order for DNA to be copied, this must first be attached to the template strands at an origin of replication:

The trm cDNA refers to

What type of mutation is the following?

Where does most gene-regulation occur in prokaryotes?

A medium that contains high salt to inhibit some type of organism is considered?

Beta-lactamase is an enzyme that bacteria resistant to penicillin produce?