Parenteral treatment of Schistosomiasis(Bilharzhia) and leishmaniasis • Pigments and abrasives • Proofing fabrics

Parental administra of antimony causes

Inhalation of dusts and fumes of antimony causes

poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and is elemental mercurynot considered toxic by its route.

Mercury vapor is absorbed through the ———— and may give rise to stomatitis, increased salivation, metallic taste, diarrhea, pneumonitis and renal failure

The ingestion of ——- may cause severe gastric pain, vomiting, blood diarrhea and also renal failure, which is usually the cause of death.

are concentrated in the central nervous system and produce ataxia, chorea and convulsions.are concentrated in the central nervous system and produce ataxia, chorea and convulsions.

Treatment of Mercury

methods of determination are reliable for testing exposure

Also used in pharmaceuticals and manufacture of ceramics and glass

is used in certain industrial processes and may also be liberated accidentally from other arsenical product

Treatment of arsenic

Inhalation of arsine produces massive

Industrial uses in pigments and in the production of alloys

Treatment of gastrointestinal problems like gastritis , peptic ulcer and diarrhea

Acute poisoning of bismuth

May also occur after chronic treatment with bismuth salts, but is reversible if medication is stopped

Qualitative test for As, Bi, SB,Hg

Antimony color

Arsenic color

Bismuth color

Mercury color

Extremely insoluble in water

Have a number of industrial uses and are relatively toxic

Has employed as depilatory agent

Is an important feature of severe barium poisoning

Confirmatory test relies on the fact that ——- is relatively soluble in dilute acetic acid

Test for barium

Effectively enhancing the sensitivity of the reaction between barium and sulfate ions

Reagent use for barium

Barium salts color

Copper and thallium salts

Sodium salts color

are used as insecticide and fungicide • Copper salts often impart a blue or green colour to stomach contents

Copper salts color

are much more toxic than copper salts owing to rapid absorption and the intrinsic toxicity of cuprammonium ion

Normal serum copper concentration

Severe acute poisoning concentration

Treatment of copper

Test for copper

Copper salts color

Chromium salts color

Other copper metals

Zinc uses

Used in making pharmaceutical , rubbers and white pigments

Limited since they are powerful emetics

Fatalities of zinc

Treatment of zinc

Acute poisoning of zinc includes