問題一覧
1
What is the cause of oesophageal varicies?
These are when the pressure surrounding the oesophagus increases and causes the blood vessels to rupture.
2
What can cause portal hypertension?
Alchol consumption and viral hepatitis
3
What is peptic ulcer disease?
This is when the protective layer of the stomach or duodenum is eroded, allowing the acids to eat at the stomach.
4
What causes a peptic ulcer?
An infection of the stomach with helicovacter pylori.
5
What can cause an increase in gastric acidity?
Alcohol and smoking
6
Who is mainly effected by peptic ulcer disease?
The older population
7
What medication can cause peptic ulcer disease?
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
8
Cholecystsis
This is swelling of the gallbladder
9
What causes cholecystitis?
An obstruction of the cystic duct leading from the gall bladder to the duodenum, typically by gallstones.
10
Which of these is not a symptom of cholecystitis?
Tachyponea
11
What causes a person to be jaundice?
High levels of bilirubin.
12
What is pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas
13
What are the symptoms of pancreatitis?
Sudden, severe pain in the centre of the abdomen , Nausea and vomiting , Fever, Diarrhoea
14
What can cause Pancreatitis?
Gallstones, Excessive alcohol consumption
15
What factors can lead to the development of pancreatitis?
Increased alcohol consumption , Gallstones, Medication reactions , Trauma, Cancer , High triglyceride levels
16
What are the symptoms of intestinal obstruction?
Severe abdominal pain, Vomiting , Constipation
17
What are the symptoms of mesenteric infarct?
Abdominal pain, Feeling of needing a bowel motion, Fever , Nausea and vomiting
18
Which part of the small intestine is mostly effected by Crohn’s disease?
Ilium
19
What are the symptoms of an acute appendicitis?
Abdominal pain, Vomiting , Loss of appetite , Constipation , Fever
20
What can pressure on the appendix cause?
Rupture , Peritonitis , Sepsis , Death
21
What are the symptoms of diverticulitis?
Cramping that goes with passing wind or passing a bowel motion. , Red stool , Severe abdominal pain , Fever
22
Whag are the symptoms of peritonitis?
Abdominal pain , Bloating , Fever, Nausea and vomiting , Loss of appetite , Low urine output
23
What characteristics should be assessed when a mass is identified?
Location , Shape and size, Consistency , Mobility , Pulsatility
24
What is associated when adcent or decreased bowel signs?
Peritonitis , Ileus , Ischemia
25
What is tinkling indicative of?
Small bowel obstruction
26
Which of these is most common cause of gastroenteritis in adults?
The Norwalk virus
27
What is the most common cause of gastroenteritis in children?
Rotavirus
28
What does the body release to commentate for shock and maintain blood pressure?
Catecholamines
29
What does the release of catecholamines cause in the body?
Increase heart rate , Force contractions of the heart , Increases vasoconstriction
30
What is a sign of a patient who is seriously unwell with hypovelemia?
Low blood pressure